Research hotspots and trends in nursing education from 2014 to 2020: A co-word analysis based on keywords.

AIMS: To investigate research hotspots and trends in nursing education from 2014 to 2020, and provide references for researchers to understand the research status and developing trends in this field. DESIGN: A co-word analysis based on keywords. METHODS: Data were obtained from nursing education-related academic research articles that were retrieved through a literature search using PubMed during the period of 2014-2020. Keywords included in the analysis of literature were considered as the research objects. Bibliographic Item Co-occurrence Matrix Builder (BICOMB) was employed to extract high-frequency keywords and generate co-occurrence matrix, graphical clustering toolkit (gCLUTO) was used to perform cluster analysis, and SPSS 25.0 was used to perform strategic diagram analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 7857 articles were retrieved, from which 2679 keywords were obtained and 64 high-frequency keywords extracted. The results revealed seven hotspots in nursing education during the period of 2014-2020, which included research on: (i) continuing education in nursing, (ii) application and influence of the internet in nursing education, (iii) postgraduate nursing education, (iv) undergraduate nursing education and clinical quality training, (v) current development status and tendency of nursing education, (vi) nursing teaching methods and (vii) organization and management in nursing education. CONCLUSION: The seven research hotspots could reflect the publication trends in nursing education. By providing a co-word analysis-including cluster and strategic diagram analysis-an overall command of the latest hotspots can be depicted, and researchers conducting research in nursing education can have some hints. IMPACT: This study allows the development of future research on nursing education. Future researchers should explore the application of new network technologies in the process of nursing teaching, quality of postgraduate nursing education, innovative teaching methods as well as teaching strategies of improving students' clinical ability, current situation of economics and leadership in nursing education and ability of organization and management in undergraduate nursing education.

Knowledge, attitude and practice of residents in the prevention and control of COVID-19: An online questionnaire survey.

AIMS: To explore the status quo and the influencing factors of residents' knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the difficulties or challenges perceived by residents in their preventive practice. DESIGN: An online questionnaire survey. METHODS: The self-designed questionnaire was distributed among residents online in February 2020. Descriptive statistics, two independent samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation analysis, multivariate linear regression and content analysis were performed. RESULTS: A total of 919 valid questionnaires were collected. The scoring rates of residents' KAP were 85.2%, 92.9% and 84.4% respectively. Main factors influencing residents' knowledge included gender and occupation; while those influencing attitude were occupation, family economic level and knowledge; and those influencing practice included place of residence, occupation, with or without chronic disease, knowledge and attitude. Mass media was the primary approach for people to learn the knowledge and information of COVID-19. Difficulties or challenges faced were mainly lack of protective equipments, concerns about the risk of prevention and control, impact on daily life, work and study, lack of knowledge and consensus, psychological problems and information problems. CONCLUSION: The attitude of residents towards COVID-19 prevention and control is generally positive. The knowledge and practice have been popularized to a certain extent, but there are still deviations or deficiencies in residents' understanding of certain important knowledge and the adoption of relevant preventive measures. Evidence-based tailored public education initiatives are indicated. IMPACT: Findings of this study add important knowledge about residents' understanding, attitude, practice and the influencing factors on COVID-19 prevention and control, which serves as a scientific foundation for optimizing the pandemic public education and decision-making.

Residents' KABP and Social Support Statuses Under Normalized COVID-19 Pandemic Prevention and Control: A Cross-Sectional Study.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the status quo of residents' knowledge, attitude, belief, and practice (KABP) and social support and the correlation of KABP with social support under normalized coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic prevention and control. METHODS: A questionnaire was designed based on the KABP model, and an online survey was conducted among residents in September 2022. SPSS software (version 25.0) was used to analyze the data. Two independent sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariate linear regression analysis, and Pearson's correlation analysis were conducted. RESULTS: In total, 326 valid questionnaires were obtained. The scoring rates of residents' KABP and social support were 68.1%, 92.2%, 89.3%, 75.3%, and 62.6%, respectively. Main factors influencing residents' knowledge included gender, nationality, education level, practice, and social support; those influencing attitude were belief and practice; those influencing belief were place of residence, attitude, and practice; those influencing practice were knowledge, attitude, belief, and social support; and those influencing social support were marital status, place of residence, knowledge, and practice. Social support was positively correlated with knowledge and practice. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a scientific foundation for the current normalized prevention and control of COVID-19 and is conducive to health managers to better carry out prevention and control related health education for specific groups.

Sociodemographic factors associated with weight perception of adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: To systematically assess the main sociodemographic factors associated with weight perception of adolescents. METHODOLOGY: All studies related to adolescents' weight perception were retrieved from seven databases from January 2001 to July 2022. A total of 13 Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and keywords were used to identify qualified studies, and reference lists included in the retrieved studies were manually searched to identify potentially relevant publications. Two evaluators independently assessed the eligibility and extracted data of each study. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) risk of bias evaluation tool was used to evaluate the quality and bias risk of included studies. RevMan (version: 5.3) software was used to conduct heterogeneity test and meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 12 studies, published between 2003 and 2020, were selected and included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, consisting of 325,367 adolescents from five countries. The risk of bias evaluation indicated that risk of bias was low in five studies and moderate in seven studies. The results of meta-analysis showed that there were no differences in the weight perception accuracy among adolescents under different gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-1.15, p = 0.940), place of residence (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.83-1.16, p = 0.800), grade (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 0.68-4.42, p = 0.250), and family economic level (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.86-1.02, p = 0.140). Egger's linear regression showed that there was no significant publication bias in the primary analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The current analysis indicates that gender, place of residence, grade, and family economic level were not identified as influencing factors for adolescents' weight perception accuracy. Due to the limitations of the review and included studies, more robust trials are warranted in different social and economic environments to confirm our findings.

Research hotspots and theme trends in post-traumatic growth: A co-word analysis based on keywords.

Objectives: To analyze and summarize the research hotspots and advancement of post-traumatic growth (PTG) over the past 15 years based on co-word analysis of keywords, and provide references for PTG-related research and clinical intervention. Methods: All studies related to PTG were retrieved from PubMed and Web of Science (WOS) from January 2013 to July 2022. A total of 11 Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and keywords were used to identify qualified studies. Bibliographic Item Co-occurrence Matrix Builder (BICOMB; version 2.0) was used to conduct high-frequency keywords extraction and matrix setup, Graphical Clustering Toolkit (gCLUTO; version 1.0) was employed to perform clustering analysis, and SPSS (version 25.0) was used to carry out strategic diagram analysis. Results: A total of 2,370 publications were selected, from which 38 high-frequency keywords were extracted. The results revealed six research hotspots on PTG during the period from 2013 to 2022, including research on i) emotional reactions after negative life events, ii) PTG among cancer survivors, iii) rumination and resilience after trauma, iv) PTG among children and adolescents, v) role of social support and coping strategy in PTG, and vi) association between PTG and quality of life. Conclusions: This co-word analysis effectively reveals an overview of PTG over the past 15 years. The six research categories deduced from this study can reflect that the research content in the field of PTG is abundant, but some research topics have not yet been mature. The findings of this study are of great value to future investigations associated with PTG.

Attitude and influencing factors to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among university students in Sichuan Province, China: A cross-sectional study.

AIMS: To explore the university students' attitude and the potential influencing factors to receive the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in Sichuan Province, China. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. METHODS: The self-designed questionnaire was distributed among university students online in June 2021. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis of the data. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, two independent samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariate linear regression, and content analysis were performed. RESULTS: A total of 397 questionnaires were analysed, involving 316 (79.6%) respondents have received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine and 81 (20.4%) have not taken the vaccine. The total mean score of university students' vaccination attitude was 25.97 (standard deviation [SD] = 3.720), and the total scoring rate was 74.2%. Main factors influencing students' attitude included education level, major, living style, with chronic disease or not, self-reported vaccination status, and number of medical units that can provide vaccination within 3 km of residence. Students were more willing to choose Chinese-manufactured vaccines (66.8%) and participate in collective vaccination programs organized by the school (71.3%). The desired vaccine protection period was 5-10 years (42.1%). The top three reasons for refusing the vaccine or vaccine hesitancy were as follows: concern about the side effects of vaccine (44.8%), lack of information about vaccine (31.0%), and concern about the efficacy of vaccine (29.3%). CONCLUSION: In general, most of the participants had relatively high level of positive attitude to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Nevertheless, more attention should be paid to postgraduate students, non-medical students, those living alone, those with chronic disease, those have not received the COVID-19 vaccine, and those living far away from the vaccination medical units. Findings of this study can help educational institutions in developing effective interventions to improve the vaccination rate in the university student population.

Alleviation of Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouling by ClO2 Pre-Oxidation: Fouling Mechanism and Interface Characteristics.

In order to alleviate membrane fouling and improve removal efficiency, a series of pretreatment technologies were applied to the ultrafiltration process. In this study, ClO2 was used as a pre-oxidation strategy for the ultrafiltration (UF) process. Humic acid (HA), sodium alginate (SA), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were used as three typical organic model foulants, and the mixture of the three substances was used as a representation of simulated natural water. The dosages of ClO2 were 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/L, with 90 min pre-oxidation. The results showed that ClO2 pre-oxidation at low doses (1-2 mg/L) could alleviate the membrane flux decline caused by humus, polysaccharides, and simulated natural water, but had a limited alleviating effect on the irreversible resistance of the membrane. The interfacial free energy analysis showed that the interaction force between the membrane and the simulated natural water was also repulsive after the pre-oxidation, indicating that ClO2 pre-oxidation was an effective way to alleviate cake layer fouling by reducing the interaction between the foulant and the membrane. In addition, ClO2 oxidation activated the hidden functional groups in the raw water, resulting in an increase in the fluorescence value of humic analogs, but had a good removal effect on the fluorescence intensity of BSA. Furthermore, the membrane fouling fitting model showed that ClO2, at a low dose (1 mg/L), could change the mechanism of membrane fouling induced by simulated natural water from standard blocking and cake layer blocking to critical blocking. Overall, ClO2 pre-oxidation was an efficient pretreatment strategy for UF membrane fouling alleviation, especially for the fouling control of HA and SA at low dosages.

Effects of reflective learning based on visual mind mapping in the fundamentals of nursing course: A quasi-experimental study.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that reflective learning and mind mapping have many advantages in nursing education, but the relevant researches on the joint application of the two strategies are very limited. OBJECTIVES: To confirm the efficacy of reflective learning based on visual mind mapping for educational purposes to support the critical thinking, academic self-efficacy, and professional self-concept of nursing students. DESIGN: A quasi-experimental design with pretest and posttest model. SETTINGS: A nursing college in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China. PARTICIPANTS: Eighty 2nd year baccalaureate nursing students in two parallel classes were assigned to an intervention group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40) with one class for each group. METHODS: This study was carried out from September 15 to November 30, 2021. The Chinese version of Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CTDI-CV), the Chinese version of Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (ASE-CV), and the Chinese version of Professional Self-Concept of Nurses Instrument (PSCNI-CV) were used to evaluate the effects of the study intervention on nursing students. Firstly, the pretest data were collected from students in the two groups. Then, the intervention group students made regular reflective entries based on mind mapping and the control group students conducted traditional reflective journal, while attending routine educational and clinical activities, about their experiences of the Fundamentals of Nursing course learning process. After the intervention, both groups completed the three scale tests again, and an open-ended question was set for intervention group to explore the difficulties or challenges encountered by students. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U test, and content analysis were performed. RESULTS: There were no significant baseline demographic variables differences between the two groups. The intervention group showed significant improvement in critical thinking (P = 0.000), including truth-seeking, open-mindedness, analyticity, systematization, and inquisitiveness sub-dimensions (P = 0.000-0.014), and professional self-concept (P = 0.015), including flexibility and satisfaction sub-dimensions (P = 0.015-0.039), as compared to the baseline. There was no significant difference in students' academic self-efficacy level between pretest and posttest of the two groups. Compared to the total level of critical thinking between the intervention and the control group, the difference median values (posttest score-pretest score) were 14.0 and 1.5 respectively; and for professional self-concept, were 4.5 and 0.5 respectively, which were statistically significant at P < 0.05 level (P = 0.001-0.020). According to open-ended question survey, difficulties or challenges faced by the intervention group students were mainly problem of charting mind mapping, unfamiliar with tools, problem of mentors' guidance, and time-consuming. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that it is appropriate for students to adopt reflective learning based on visual mind mapping. Although there were no significant differences in the improvement level of students' academic self-efficacy, students' critical thinking and professional self-concept were greatly improved by the intervention. This approach may be used as a complementary learning method for baccalaureate nursing education.

Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on the mental health of university students in Sichuan Province, China: An online cross-sectional study.

Coronavirus disease 2019 is an emerging public health problem threatening not only the life but also the normal psychology of people. University students' mental health is the focus in the field of higher education. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has brought into attention the mental health problems of this vulnerable group. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on the mental health of university students in Sichuan Province, China. We conducted a cross-sectional study from April 2020 to May 2020. The participants responded to an online questionnaire that included informed consent, basic information, 20-item Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). We received 521 effective responses. The results included the following: 19.0% of respondents reported distress, and 31.5%, 8.1%, and 5.8% of them reported mild, moderate, and severe anxiety, respectively; respondents aged ≤ 22 years, medical students, and those who were in general health reported more distress than others; and medical students and those who paid more attention to pandemic information reported more anxiety than others. Findings suggest that the mental health of university students should be monitored during pandemic, especially for younger students, medical students, students in general health status, and those who paid too much attention to the news of the pandemic. Due to the limited sample representativeness, we must be cautious when generalizing these findings to other regions of China or other countries.

Abnormal expression of TRIAP1 and its role in gestational diabetes mellitus-related pancreatic ß cells.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disease that is typically characterized by insulin resistance and pancreatic ß cell dysfunction. Currently, the role of TP53-regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (TRIAP1) in the process of GDM remains to be elucidated. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of TRIAP1 on GDM-related pancreatic ß cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot assays were conducted to analyze the expression levels of TRIAP1 in the peripheral blood of patients with GDM and subjects with healthy pregnancies. Subsequently, TRIAP1 small interfering RNA (siRNA), control siRNA, TRIAP1 plasmid and control plasmid were transfected into INS-1 cells to assess the effects of TRIAP1 on pancreatic ß cells. ELISA was used to assess the total insulin content and insulin secretion of pancreatic ß cells. MTT and flow cytometry assays were performed to determine the viability and apoptosis of pancreatic ß cells. The results demonstrated that TRIAP1 expression was downregulated in peripheral blood samples from patients with GDM. Transfection with TRIAP1 siRNA significantly decreased the levels of total insulin content and reduced insulin secretion in pancreatic ß cells. In addition, downregulation of TRIAP1 in pancreatic ß cells significantly induced cell apoptosis and reduced cell viability. Accordingly, transfection of INS1 cells with TRIAP1 siRNA increased the levels of the apoptosis-associated genes apoptotic protease-activating factor 1, caspase-3, caspase-7 and caspase-9. However, transfection of the cells with TRIAP1 plasmid resulted in the opposite effects. TRIAP1 increased the growth of pancreatic ß cells and their ability to secrete insulin, thus playing a protective role in GDM. The findings verified the effects and the underlying mechanism of TRIAP1 in pancreatic ß cells and may provide additional clinical applications for the therapy of GDM.

Incidence, risk factors, and cumulative risk of delirium among ICU patients: A case-control study.

OBJECTIVES: Delirium is a common acute cognitive impairment syndrome among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. This study was aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and cumulative risk of delirium among ICU patients. METHODS: A case-control study including clinical records of 452 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale. RESULTS: We found that 163 out of the 452 patients (36.1%) had delirium. Multivariate analysis showed that use of sedatives, length of ICU hospitalization, and physical restraint were independent risk factors for delirium. The additive effect of all three factors resulted to an odds ratio of 30.950. CONCLUSION: The incidence of delirium remained high. Thus, nurses shall strengthen the monitoring of delirium, regularly access the patient's level of calmness, and limit the use of physical restraint.

Effectiveness of a training program based on maker education for baccalaureate nursing students: A quasi-experimental study.

OBJECTIVES: Maker education is a dominant force in education reform and is viewed as a revolutionary way to learn. As innovative pedagogy is continuously explored in the field of nursing, the emerging role of maker education must be examined. This research aims to build a nursing bachelor education program based on maker education and to evaluate the effectiveness of this program. METHODS: Forty volunteer junior students majoring in nursing from a college were the subjects for this quasi-experiment. The training program for nursing students based on maker education was developed and implemented as an additional class for a period of 12 weeks. Before and after the experiment, two measures including the "Williams Creative Scale" and "Current Status Questionnaire of Nursing Students' Learning" were adopted for investigation, and corresponding statistical methods were used for analysis. The degree of satisfaction with this training program was investigated after the experiment. RESULTS: The average scores of creativity, learning interest, cooperative learning skill, scientific research ability, and information attainment of the nursing students after the implementation of maker education all improved. The differences in the above points before and after the experiment were all statistically significant (P < 0.05). Most of the students expressed satisfaction with this training program (72.5% were very satisfied, 15.0% were partially satisfied, and 12.5% were not satisfied). CONCLUSION: Implementing the training program based on maker education enhanced student creativity, learning interest, cooperative learning skill, scientific research ability, and information attainment. Comprehensive nursing talents were also cultivated. Our data suggested the importance of improving this program, adopting the method, and pursuing research in nursing education.