[The Psychological Distress of First-Line Nurses Caring for COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review].

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization officially declared an end to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency three years after the initial outbreak of COVID-19. Healthcare providers worldwide were overwhelmed during the pandemic, which greatly affected the mental health and turnover intention of nurses. Conducting a systematic review of psychological distress in first-line nurses during the pandemic may facilitate future research on pandemic-related resilience. PURPOSE: A systematic review of the literature on psychological distress among first-line nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 was conducted. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 Statement. We searched the CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, and Airiti Library databases using the English and Chinese keywords ("COVID-19 first-line nurse" OR "COVID-19 frontline nurse") AND ("psychological distress" OR "PTSD" OR "depression" OR "anxiety" OR "insomnia" OR "stress" OR "burnout" OR "fear") to identify Chinese and English articles published between December 2019 and March 2023. The quality of the included studies was assessed using tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute. RESULTS: A total of 20 articles covering 16 quantitative studies and 4 qualitative studies were included in the analysis. The quantitative findings revealed that first-line nurses experienced high task load and moderate or above-average burnout. Between 19.1% and 72.3% of the first-line nurses reported stress, and more than 30% experienced insomnia. At the peak of the pandemic, anxiety and distress levels were high. At 8-week follow-ups, while anxiety had decreased, distress levels had not. Qualitative findings included the identification of fear as a common symptom of psychological distress in first-line nurses. CONCLUSIONS / IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Further research is needed to better support frontline caregivers and facilitate their recovery from the moderate to severe psychological distress associated with pandemics.

Repair of Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection: A Rare Case Evaluated by Multi-Slice Computed Tomographic Angiography.

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) is an uncommon congenital heart disease, which may be difficult to identify and often remains undiagnosed. Accurate diagnosis of major aortopulmonary collaterals and partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in patients with congenital heart disease is important but problematic. The goal of this publication is to present the diagnosis and surgical repair of this rare pathology in an eight-year-old boy. Atrial septal defect was found by echocardiography, but no anomalous pulmonary vein was found. However, multi-slice computed tomographic angiography (MSCTA) revealed that the isolated right superior pulmonary vein was replaced by right superior pulmonary vein 1 (RSPV1), right superior pulmonary vein 2 (RSPV2) and right superior pulmonary vein 3 (RSPV3), which connected to the superior vena cava (SVC), the orifice of SVC, and the left atrium, respectively. The patient underwent the repair of PAPVC with division of the SVC and re-implantation on the right atrial appendage to restore normal systemic venous drainage. Postoperative course was uneventful. In conclusion, PAPVC is a rare congenital cardiac pathology. MSCTA could contribute to an accurate anatomic and functional definition of this variant.

The Relationship Between MMP-2 -1306C>T and MMP-9 -1562C>T Polymorphisms and the Risk and Prognosis of T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Chinese Population: A Case-Control Study.

BACKGROUND: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a malignant hematological disease and is often accompanied by a variety of genetic abnormalities. Hence, our study aims to investigate the relationship between MMP-2 -1306C>T and MMP-9 -1562C>T polymorphisms and the risk and prognosis of T-ALL. METHODS: From April 2009 to February 2011, a total of 376 T-ALL patients were chosen as the case group. Meanwhile, 352 healthy people who passed routine health examinations were selected as the control group. A polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay was used to detect the frequency of MMP-2 -1306C>T (rs243865) and MMP-9 -1562C>T (rs3918242) polymorphisms in the study subjects. The serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A Kaplan-Meier analysis was employed to analyze the event-free survival (EFS) rates of the T-All patients with different MMP-2 and MMP-9 genotypes. A multivariate COX model was applied to analyze the relationship between MMP-2 and MMP-9 polymorphisms and the prognosis of T-ALL patients. A C-statistic and net reclassification index (NRI) was carried out to evaluate the predictive value of MMP-2 and MMP-9 gene polymorphisms using the Cox model. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the genotypic frequency of MMP-2 -1306C>T (CT + TT) and MMP-9 -1562C>T (CT + TT) in the case group was significantly higher. The serum level of MMP-9 was markedly elevated in T-ALL patients with the CT + TT genotype compared to patients with the CC genotype. The results of the Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the median EFS was lower in T-ALL patients with the CT + TT genotype of MMP-9 -1562C>T compared to patients with the CC genotype. The results of a multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model indicated that the MMP-9 -1562C>T polymorphism was associated with the prognosis of T-ALL patients. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that MMP-2 -1306C/T and MMP-9 -1562C/T polymorphisms might be associated with an increased risk of T-ALL. The MMP-9 -1562C>T polymorphism may also be related to the prognosis of T-ALL patients.

[Analysis of the toll-like receptor 2 Arg753Gln gene polymorphisms of acne patients of Gan-depression induced qi stagnation syndrome and damp-heat in the interior syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To study the toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) Arg753Gln gene polymorphisms of acne patients of Gan-depression induced qi stagnation syndrome and damp-heat in the interior syndrome, thus laying the foundation for genetics studies on its occurrence. METHODS: The distribution and the frequency of allelic genes were studied in 75 acne patients of damp-heat in the interior syndrome, and 87 acne patients with Gan-depression induced qi stagnation syndrome, as well as 70 healthy subjects (as the normal control group) using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. RESULTS: There was significant difference in the frequency of the genotype Arg/Gln + Gln/Gln in the TLR2 Arg753Gln genetic polymorphisms [26. 44% (23/87) in Gan-depression induced qi stagnation syndrome, 41.33% (31/75) in damp-heat in the interior syndrome, and 12.86% (9/70) in the normal control group] (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The existence of 753Gln allele in the Arg753Gln of TLR2 increased the onset risk of acne patients of Gan-depression induced qi stagnation syndrome and damp-heat in the interior syndrome.