Visible light positioning system using a smartphone's built-in ambient light sensor and inertial measurement unit.

In recent years, the visible light positioning field has experienced remarkable advancements. However, smartphones find it difficult to identify light-emitting diode (LED) and extract each LED's light signal intensity due to the low-frequency and uneven sampling of built-in ambient light sensors (ALS, which is a photodiode that measures ambient light in lux units). Thus, traditional visible light positioning systems cannot be directly applied to smartphones. In this Letter, we propose a single-light visible light positioning system using a non-modulated LED as an emitter, the built-in ALS as the receiver, and the inertial measurement unit of the smartphone to assist in measuring the smartphone's attitude. It only requires the user to turn the smartphone by a few angles in a stationary position to estimate its current three-dimensional (3D) spatial position. This method does not require modification of the existing lighting system and consumes less power than the camera-based visible light positioning (VLP) systems. We have built an experimental site measuring 5 m × 5 m × 2.2 m to evaluate the performance of the positioning system, and the preliminary results show that the proposed system achieves sub-meter-level positioning accuracy.

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis: A multicenter propensity score-matched cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: Systemic chemotherapy has limited efficacy in the treatment of peritoneal metastasis (PM) in gastric cancer (GC). Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) combined with complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS) has shown promising outcomes but remains controversial. The present study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of HIPEC without CRS in GC patients with PM. METHODS: This retrospective propensity score-matched multicenter cohort study included GC patients with PM treated with either chemotherapy alone (Cx group) or with HIPEC combined with chemotherapy (HIPEC-Cx group) in four Chinese high-volume gastric medical centers between 2010 and 2017. The primary outcomes were median survival time (MST) and 3-year overall survival (OS). Propensity score matching was performed to compensate for controlling potential confounding effects and selection bias. RESULTS: Of 663 eligible patients, 498 were matched. The MST in the Cx and HIPEC-Cx groups was 10.8 and 15.9 months, respectively [hazard ratio (HR)=0.71, 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.58-0.88; P=0.002]. The 3-year OS rate was 10.1% (95% CI, 5.4%-14.8%) and 18.4% (95% CI, 12.3%-24.5%) in the Cx and HIPEC-Cx groups, respectively (P=0.017). The complication rates were comparable. The time to first flatus and length of hospital stay for patients undergoing HIPEC combined with chemotherapy was longer than that of chemotherapy alone (4.6±2.4 dvs. 2.7±1.8 d, P<0.001; 14.2±5.8 dvs. 11.4±7.7 d, P<0.001), respectively. The median follow-up period was 33.2 months. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with standard systemic chemotherapy, HIPEC combined with chemotherapy revealed a statistically significant survival benefit for GC patients with PM, without compromising patient safety.

Development and Validation of Diagnostic Models for Transcriptomic Signature Genes for Multiple Tissues in Osteoarthritis.

Background: Progress in research on expression profiles in osteoarthritis (OA) has been limited to individual tissues within the joint, such as the synovium, cartilage, or meniscus. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the common gene expression characteristics of various structures in OA and construct a diagnostic model. Methods: Three datasets were selected: synovium, meniscus, and knee joint cartilage. Modular clustering and differential analysis of genes were used for further functional analyses and the construction of protein networks. Signature genes with the highest diagnostic potential were identified and verified using external gene datasets. The expression of these genes was validated in clinical samples by Real-time (RT)-qPCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. This study investigated the status of immune cells in OA by examining their infiltration. Results: The merged OA dataset included 438 DEGs clustered into seven modules using WGCNA. The intersection of these DEGs with WGCNA modules identified 190 genes. Using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and Random Forest algorithms, nine signature genes were identified (CDADC1, PPFIBP1, ENO2, NOM1, SLC25A14, METTL2A, LINC01089, L3HYPDH, NPHP3), each demonstrating substantial diagnostic potential (areas under the curve from 0.701 to 0.925). Furthermore, dysregulation of various immune cells has also been observed. Conclusion: CDADC1, PPFIBP1, ENO2, NOM1, SLC25A14, METTL2A, LINC01089, L3HYPDH, NPHP3 demonstrated significant diagnostic efficacy in OA and are involved in immune cell infiltration.

Paclitaxel hyperthermia suppresses gastric cancer migration through MiR-183-5p/PPP2CA/AKT/GSK3ß/ß-catenin axis.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC), a prevalent malignant tumor which is a leading cause of death from malignancy around the world. Peritoneal metastasis accounts for the major cause of mortality in patients with GC. Despite hyperthermia intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) improves the therapeutic effect of GC, it's equivocal about the mechanism under HIPEC. METHODS: MiR-183-5p expression was sifted from miRNA chip and detected in both GC patients and cell lines by qRT-PCR. Gene interference and rescue experiments were performed to identified biological function in vitro and vivo. Next, we affirmed PPP2CA as targeted of miR-183-5p by dual luciferase reporter assay. Finally, the potential relationship between HIPEC and miR-183-5p was explored. RESULTS: MiR-183-5p is up-regulated in GC and associated with advanced stage and poor prognosis. MiR-183-5p accelerate GC migration in vitro which is influenced by miR-183-5p/PPP2CA/AKT/GSK3ß/ß-catenin Axis. HIPEC exerts migration inhibition via attenuating miR-183-5p expression. CONCLUSION: MiR-183-5p can be used as a potential HIPEC biomarker in patients with CC.

Identification of key genes associated with poor prognosis and neoplasm staging in gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is highly biologically and genetically heterogeneous disease with poor prognosis. Increasing evidence indicates that biomarkers can serve as prediction and clinical intervention. Therefore, it is vital to identify core molecules and pathways participating in the development of GC. METHODS: In this study, GSE54129, GSE56807, GSE63089, and GSE118916 were used for identified overlapped 75 DEGs. GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed DEGs mainly enriched in biological process about collagen-containing extracellular matrix and collagen metabolic. Next, protein-protein interaction network was built and the hub gene was excavated. Clinicopathological features and prognostic value were also evaluated. RESULTS: Hub genes were shown as below, FN1, COL1A2, COL1A1, COL3A1, COL4A1, COL6A3, COL5A2, SPARC, PDGFRB, COL12A1. Those genes were upregulation in GC and related to the poor prognosis (except COL5A2, P = .73). What is more, high expression indicated worse T stage and tumor, node, metastasis stage in GC patients. Later, the results of 25 GC tumor specimens and 34 normal tissues showed that FN1, COL3A1, COL4A1, SPARC, COL5A2, and COL12A1 were significantly upregulated in cancer samples. CONCLUSION: Our study systematically explored the core genes and crucial pathways in GC, providing insights into clinical management and individual treatment.

MicroRNA3650 Promotes Gastric Cancer Proliferation and Migration through the PTEN/PI3K-AKT-mTOR and Hippo Pathways.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor with seriously poor outcomes. Studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an omnifarious regulatory effect in GC. However, the role of miR-3650 in the progression of GC is not well known. METHODS: In this study, miR-3650 expression and its clinical significance were determined using clinical specimens. The biological functions of miR-3650 were determined in gastric cancer cell lines through CCK-8, cell scratch, and transwell experiments. Bioinformatics predictions, combined with Western blot experiments, were employed to explore its downstream molecular targets. RESULTS: We observed that miR-3650 was overexpressed in GC specimens and most cell lines, i.e., 77.8% (MKN28, SNU1, AGS, MKN45, N87, BGC823 and SGC7901). The overexpression correlated with advanced T-stage, N-stage, M-stage, and TNM-stage. Furthermore, miR-3650 promoted the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells, and its overexpression promoted the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and inhibited the PTEN and hippo pathways. The potassium ion signaling pathway was also involved in the biological process of miR-3650 promoting cancer. CONCLUSION: Therefore, we concluded that miR-3650/PTEN/PI3K-AKT-mTOR and miR-3650/hippo pathways are vital in the progression of GC and serve as novel targets for GC therapy.

SPiForest: An Anomaly Detecting Algorithm Using Space Partition Constructed by Probability Density-Based Inverse Sampling.

The SPiForest, a new isolation-based approach to outlier detection, constructs iTrees on the space containing all attributes by probability density-based inverse sampling. Most existing iForest (iF)-based approaches can precisely and quickly detect outliers scattering around one or more normal clusters. However, the performance of these methods seriously decreases when facing outliers whose nature "few and different" disappears in subspace (e.g., anomalies surrounded by normal samples). To solve this problem, SPiForest is proposed, which is different from existing approaches. First, SPiForest uses the principal component analysis (PCA) to find principal components and estimate each component's probability density function (pdf). Second, SPiForest utilizes the inv-pdf, which is inversely proportional to the pdf estimated from the given dataset, to generate support points in the space containing all attributes. Third, the hyperplane decided by these support points is used to isolate the outliers in the space. Next, these steps are repeated to build an iTree. Finally, many iTrees construct a forest for outlier detection. SPiForest provides two benefits: 1) it isolates outliers with fewer hyperplanes, which significantly improves the accuracy and 2) it effectively detects the outliers whose nature "few and different" disappears in subspace. Comparative analyses and experiments show that the SPiForest achieves a significant improvement in terms of area under the curve (AUC) when compared with the state-of-the-art methods. Specifically, our method improves by at most 17.7% on AUC when compared to iF-based algorithms.

Raltitrexed as a synergistic hyperthermia chemotherapy drug screened in patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids.

OBJECTIVE: Organoids have recently been used as in vitro models to screen chemotherapy drugs in combination with hyperthermia treatment in colorectal cancer. Our research aimed to establish a library of patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids to evaluate synergism between chemotherapy drugs and hyperthermia; validate an index of the hyperthermia chemotherapy sensitization enhancement ratio (HCSER) to identify the chemotherapeutics most enhanced by hyperthermia; and recommend chemotherapy drugs for hyperthermic intraperitoneal treatment. METHODS: Organoids were grown from cells extracted from colorectal cancer patient samples or colorectal cancer cell lines. Cells from both sources were encapsulated in 3D Matrigel droplets, which were formulated in microfluidics and phase-transferred into identical cell-laden Matrigel microspheres. The microspheres were seeded in 96-well plates, with each well containing a single microsphere that developed into an organoid after 7 days. The organoids were used to evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs at both 37°C as a control and 43°C for 90 min to examine hyperthermia synergism. Cell viability was counted with 10% CCK8. RESULTS: We successfully established a library of colorectal cancer organoids from 22 patient parental tumors. We examined the hyperthermia synergism of 7 commonly used hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy drugs. In 11 of the 22 patient organoids, raltitrexed had significant hyperthermia synergism, which was indexed as the highest HCSER score within each patient group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results primarily demonstrated the use of patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids as in vitro models to evaluate hyperthermia synergistic chemotherapeutics. We found that hyperthermia enhanced the effect of raltitrexed the most among the common anti-colorectal cancer drugs.

Evaluation of Cytoreductive Surgery With or Without Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Stage III Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

Importance: Interval cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) showed promising oncologic outcomes for patients with advanced ovarian cancer, but a large-scale, multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy of HIPEC combined with primary cytoreductive surgery (PCS) has yet to be conducted. Objective: To compare survival outcomes between PCS with HIPEC vs PCS alone for patients with stage III epithelial ovarian cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study was conducted from January 2010 to May 2017 at 5 high-volume institutions in China. A total of 584 patients with stage III primary epithelial ovarian cancer were treated with either PCS alone or PCS with HIPEC. The median (interquartile range) follow-up period was 42.2 (33.3-51.0) months. Data analysis was conducted from August to December 2019. Exposures: PCS with HIPEC vs PCS alone. Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcomes were median survival time and 3-year overall survival. The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method, based on propensity score, was used to control for confounding factors. Results: From a total of 789 patients with stage III epithelial ovarian cancer, 584 patients (74.0%; mean [SD] age, 55.0 [10.5] years) were ultimately included for IPTW in this study. Of the 584 patients, 425 (72.8%) underwent PCS with HIPEC and 159 (27.2%) underwent PCS alone. After IPTW adjustment, the median survival time was 49.8 (95% CI, 45.2-60.2) months for patients undergoing PCS with HIPEC and 34.0 (95% CI, 28.9-41.5) months for patients undergoing PCS alone, and the 3-year overall survival rate was 60.3% (95% CI, 55.3%-65.0%) for patients undergoing PCS with HIPEC and 49.5% (95% CI, 41.0%-57.4%) for patients undergoing PCS alone (weighted hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.50-0.82; P < .001). Further stratified into complete and incomplete surgery subgroups, patients in the PCS with HIPEC group had significantly better survival than those in the PCS group, except for the 3-year overall survival rate in the incomplete subgroup. Among those who underwent complete surgical procedures and comparing those who received PCS with HIPEC vs those who received PCS alone, the median survival time was 53.9 (95% CI, 46.6-63.7) months vs 42.3 (95% CI, 31.1-59.3) months (P = .02), and the 3-year overall survival rate was 65.9% (95% CI, 60.1%-71.2%) vs 55.4% (95% CI, 44.7%-64.8%) (P = .04); meanwhile, among patients who underwent incomplete surgical procedures and comparing those who received PCS with HIPEC vs those who received PCS alone, the median survival time was 29.2 (95% CI, 22.3-45.5) months vs 19.9 (95% CI, 11.6-39.1) months (P = .03), and the 3-year OS rate was 44.3% (95% CI, 34.6%-53.4%) vs 36.7% (95% CI, 23.4%-50.1%) (P = .19). The treatment was well tolerated in both groups. Conclusions and Relevance: In this study, the PCS with HIPEC treatment approach was associated with better long-term survival. When complete PCS is possible, this approach could be a valuable therapy for patients with stage III epithelial ovarian cancer.

[Study on the temporal change of properties of genipin crosslinked gelatin].

Investigated the changes of crosslinking index, swelling ratio, degradation rate and cytotoxicity of genipin crosslinked gelatin accompany with crosslinking time. 1% genipin crosslinked gelatin were divided into 7 groups by crosslinking time: 10 min group, 30 min group, 1 h group, 2 h group, 12 h group, 24 h group, 72 h group. The results proved that genipin could crosslink gelatin effectively. Accompany with increasing of crosslinking time, crosslinking index increased, and swelling ratio, degradation rate decreased. In 10 min group, crosslinking index was low(26.7%), swelling ratio was high, (265%), completely degraded within 1 week. This indicated that biomaterials of 10 min group was instable and degraded easily. Compared with 10 min group, biomaterials of 30 min group changed significantly with crosslinking index(45.7%), swelling ratio (206%) and degration rate (completely degraded between 4 weeks and 8 weeks). This indicated that genipin could change the properties of gelatin within 30 min. Biomaterials after 30 min, crosslinking index increased, and swelling ratio, degradation rate decreased gradually accompanied with increasing of crosslinking time. Biomaterials of 72 h, crosslinking index was 73.1%, swelling ratio was 152%, and degradated 18.9% after 12 weeks. RGR (relative cell growth rate) of every group measured by MTT assay changed between 87.9% and 105.4%, indicated that the cytotoxicity of genipin crosslinked gelatin was very low.

[The fate of donor bone cells in different diameter bone grafts: an experiment study].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the fate of donor bone cells in bone grafts of different diameters during repairing bone defects. METHODS: One hundred sixteen female syngeneic inbred DA rats were established as radial defect model of 3 kinds: structural bone grafting group (n = 56), morselized bone grafting group (n = 56), and blank group (without bone grafting, n = 4), to be used as receptors The ilia of 58 male inbred DA rats, as donors, were harvested and made into structural bone grafts 2 mm in diameter and morselized bone grafts 0.3 - 0.5 mm in diameter to be transplanted into the radial defects of the female receptors. One and four days, and 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after transplantation DNA was extracted from the grafted bones and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specific for the sex-determining region of Y-chromosome (Sry) was performed to observe the presence and relative amount of Y-chromosome originating from the bone grafts, expression of the sex-determining gene Sry in the receptors' bones and the histology of the receptors' bones. RESULTS: In structural bone grafting group, the amounts of Sry-specific bands decreased in the early time and disappeared 1 week after transplantation, and re-appeared 4 weeks after transplantation with the amount increasing with the lapse of time. In morselized bone grafting group, Sry-specific bands were detected all the time but their amounts decreased with the lapse of time. At each time point, morselized bone graft provided more living osteocytes with better effect of osteogenesis in comparison with the structural bone graft. CONCLUSION: Bone grafts of different diameters provide donor cells in repairing bone defects. Having more surviving osteocytes, morselized bone grafts may accelerate the healing pf bone defects, thus providing a new and effective method to repair bone defects and spinal fusion clinically.