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1.
Dermatol Online J ; 21(2)2014 Dec 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25756482

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin condition for which office-based and home phototherapy are safe and effective treatments. However, patients who are prescribed home phototherapy devices often choose other treatment options. OBJECTIVE: To determine the reasons why patients do not purchase a home phototherapy device after it has been recommended and prescribed by their physician. METHODS: Patients who were written a prescription for a home phototherapy device but did not fill the prescription were identified and contacted by the National Biological Corporation to participate in a telephone survey consisting of 4 questions regarding why they did not pursue a prescribed home ultraviolet device and how they were currently treating their psoriasis. RESULTS: The most common reason for not obtaining the prescribed home phototherapy device was using a biologic agent (31%). The second and third most frequently reported reasons were "cost share too high" and "insurance will not cover" (18% and 17%, respectively), together accounting for 35%. LIMITATIONS: The reason why patients were prescribed biologics while having an unfilled home phototherapy device prescription was not obtained. CONCLUSIONS: Out of pocket cost is a significant barrier to home phototherapy, even to patients who are well insured.


Assuntos
Cooperação do Paciente , Psoríase/terapia , Autocuidado/instrumentação , Terapia Ultravioleta/instrumentação , Fatores Biológicos/uso terapêutico , Gastos em Saúde , Humanos , Cobertura do Seguro , Seguro Saúde , Autocuidado/economia , Terapia Ultravioleta/economia
2.
Skin Res Technol ; 19(4): 394-7, 2013 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23528235

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Conventional photography obtains a sharp image of objects within a given 'depth of field'; objects not within the depth of field are out of focus. In recent years, digital photography revolutionized the way pictures are taken, edited, and stored. However, digital photography does not result in a deeper depth of field or better focusing. METHODS: In this article, we briefly review the concept of depth of field and focus in photography as well as new technologies in this area. RESULTS: A deep depth of field is used to have more objects in focus; a shallow depth of field can emphasize a subject by blurring the foreground and background objects. The depth of field can be manipulated by adjusting the aperture size of the camera, with smaller apertures increasing the depth of field at the cost of lower levels of light capture. Light-field cameras are a new generation of digital cameras that offer several new features, including the ability to change the focus on any object in the image after taking the photograph. CONCLUSION: Understanding depth of field and camera technology helps dermatologists to capture their subjects in focus more efficiently.


Assuntos
Dermatologia/instrumentação , Dermoscopia/métodos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Fotografação/métodos , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico , Dermoscopia/instrumentação , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/instrumentação , Fotografação/instrumentação
3.
J Drugs Dermatol ; 12(7): 799-802, 2013 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23884494

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Acitretin is indicated for severe psoriasis, but it is also a potent teratogen whose use should be avoided in women of childbearing potential. Topical medications, phototherapy, cyclosporine A, and new biologic agents provide safer alternatives for women of childbearing age with moderate to severe psoriasis. PURPOSE: To determine the demographics of acitretin prescribing patterns as an assessment of acitretin use in women of child-bearing potential. METHODS: We examined National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) data from the years 1990-2009 to determine demographic data on patients who were prescribed etretinate or acitretin. We used age under 50 as a proxy for childbearing potential. RESULTS: From 1996-2009, there were an estimated 29 million office visits for psoriasis. Females accounted for 14.3 million of these visits, and 6.5 million (45.6%) of them were under the age of 50. The NAMCS contained only one record of a female patient under the age of 50 being prescribed acitretin from 1996-2009, the years during which acitretin had been available in the United States. This corresponds to an estimated 2.3% of all psoriasis patients prescribed acitretin during this time (20,000 out of 890,000). LIMITATIONS: The NAMCS estimates national trends based on a large nationwide database. While the use of acitretin in women under 50 is low, the precision of the estimate is limited by the small sample size provided by this database. CONCLUSIONS: There are now many alternative treatments besides acitretin for women of childbearing potential with moderate to severe psoriasis. Acitretin is used at most infrequently in this population. In females of reproductive potential, acitretin should be reserved for non-pregnant patients who are unresponsive to other therapies or whose clinical condition contraindicates the use of other treatments.


Assuntos
Acitretina/administração & dosagem , Etretinato/administração & dosagem , Ceratolíticos/administração & dosagem , Padrões de Prática Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Acitretina/efeitos adversos , Acitretina/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Bases de Dados Factuais , Etretinato/efeitos adversos , Etretinato/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Humanos , Ceratolíticos/efeitos adversos , Ceratolíticos/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Estados Unidos
4.
J Drugs Dermatol ; 12(8): 855-9, 2013 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23986157

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Salicylic acid is a topical keratolytic agent used to reduce scaling and hyperkeratosis associated with psoriasis vulgaris. However, its use is limited due to potential systemic toxicity. Hydroxyacids also modulate keratinization and desquamation. Therefore, they may serve a beneficial role in the treatment of hyperkeratotic conditions. To date, there are no clinical studies in the literature regarding the efficacy of hydroxyacids for psoriasis treatment. PURPOSE: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of topical 20% alpha-hydroxy/polyhydroxy acid versus standard salicylic acid to reduce scaling in patients with moderate, chronic psoriasis. METHODS: Twenty-five subjects with moderate, chronic psoriasis were enrolled in a 2-week, double-blind, left-right, randomized, bilateral comparison clinical trial to compare the efficacy of 20% alpha-hydroxy/polyhydroxy acid emollient versus 6% salicylic acid cream and 24 were randomized/completed. Clinical evaluations to assess the severity of psoriasis and scaling were performed using a 6-point scale prior to treatment, as well as following 1 and 2 weeks of therapy. RESULTS: Twenty-four participants completed the study. Both 20% alpha-hydroxy/polyhydroxy acid emollient and 6% salicylic acid cream were efficacious in reducing scale of psoriatic lesions. The topical 20% alpha-hydroxy/polyhydroxyacid reduced scaling at a faster rate; however, following 2 weeks of treatment the efficacy of both products were relatively the same. CONCLUSION: 20% alpha-hydroxy/polyhydroxyacid is as efficacious as salicylic acid in regards to the de-scaling of psoriatic plaques. Additionally, 20% alpha-hydroxy/polyhydroxyacid cream may yield quicker results and less toxicity than salicylic acid.


Assuntos
Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Hidroxiácidos/uso terapêutico , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Ácido Salicílico/uso terapêutico , Administração Cutânea , Doença Crônica , Fármacos Dermatológicos/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Dermatológicos/efeitos adversos , Método Duplo-Cego , Seguimentos , Humanos , Hidroxiácidos/administração & dosagem , Hidroxiácidos/química , Psoríase/patologia , Ácido Salicílico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Salicílico/efeitos adversos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
Cutis ; 91(2): 105-7, 2013 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23513560

RESUMO

Objective electronic monitoring systems have demonstrated poor adherence to topical therapies. We compared 5 clinical trials that measured adherence to topical therapy in patients with atopic dermatitis to identify characteristics of the study designs that affect patient adherence. Mean adherence among the trials ranged from 32% to 93%, and the length of time between baseline and first return visit was inversely proportional to adherence. The timing of the first return visit may be a practical tool to modify patient adherence.


Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica/tratamento farmacológico , Visita a Consultório Médico/estatística & dados numéricos , Cooperação do Paciente , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Humanos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
Dermatol Online J ; 19(6): 18563, 2013 Jun 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24011313

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Whereas phototherapy is a safe and cost-effective treatment modality for psoriasis, economic disincentives discourage its use, including both direct and indirect costs to the patient. PURPOSE: To determine when it may be cost-effective for patients to purchase a home light unit versus driving to clinic for outpatient phototherapy sessions. METHODS: Estimates of expenses associated with 3 months of outpatient phototherapy were determined and compared to the price of a home phototherapy unit. Factors examined included the cost of gasoline (based on the national average), fuel efficiency of the vehicle, cost of owning and operating a motor vehicle, lost wages, and copayments. RESULTS: The cost for a standard 6-bulb narrowband UVB home unit is approximately $2600. Direct and indirect expenses imposed on patients increase with distance travelled to the dermatologist. If a patient lives 20 or more miles away from the dermatologist, the expenses associated with travel can total more than the out of pocket expense of purchasing a home phototherapy unit. LIMITATIONS: This small analysis only accounted for the first 3 months of treatment and likely underestimates the total costs that patients would experience over a lifetime of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: It may be beneficial for physicians to educate patients on the cost-burden of in-office versus home phototherapy because patients can use these parameters to determine which option would be more cost-effective for them.


Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial/economia , Gastos em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Meios de Transporte/economia , Terapia Ultravioleta/economia , Absenteísmo , Automóveis/economia , Redução de Custos/estatística & dados numéricos , Análise Custo-Benefício , Gasolina/economia , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar/economia , Humanos , Iluminação/economia , North Carolina , Visita a Consultório Médico/economia , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Terapia Ultravioleta/instrumentação
7.
J Am Acad Dermatol ; 64(5): 936-49, 2011 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21429620

RESUMO

Phototherapy is a mainstay in the treatment of psoriasis and is available as psoralen plus UVA (PUVA), broadband UVB (BB-UVB), and narrowband UVB (NB-UVB). Phototherapy can be administered in the hospital, outpatient clinic, or in the patient's home. The purpose of this review is to provide some practical guidance to general dermatologists and residents on the specifics of using phototherapy, which, despite its decreasing use, remains one of our most safe and effective treatment strategies for psoriasis care. We conducted a literature review of home phototherapy, BB-UVB, NB-UVB, and PUVA phototherapy using PubMed, MD Consult, and reference lists. A variety of protocols for BB-UVB, NB-UVB, and PUVA have been used in clinical trials. NB-UVB is more effective than BB-UVB and safer than PUVA. Typical regimens for NB-UVB involve dosing 3 times per week for at least 3 months. Treatment must be independently developed to suit each participant's needs. Ultraviolet light is an effective, relatively safe modality that is a valuable tool in the treatment of psoriasis. NB-UVB phototherapy is considered the first-line treatment for extensive plaque type psoriasis.


Assuntos
Psoríase/radioterapia , Terapia Ultravioleta , Acitretina/uso terapêutico , Estenose das Carótidas , Protocolos Clínicos , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Ceratolíticos/uso terapêutico , Lasers de Excimer , Metotrexato/uso terapêutico , Terapia PUVA , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Psoríase/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Terapia Ultravioleta/métodos
8.
Dermatol Surg ; 37(10): 1427-33, 2011 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21895848

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Systemic antibiotic use has become more conservative with the emergence of drug resistance. Topical antibiotics are employed for a variety of indications, although there are only a few evidence-based indications. OBJECTIVE: To examine topical antibiotics use in the outpatient setting. METHODS: Topical antibiotic use was characterized using data from the 1993 to 2007 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Visits were identified at which a topical antibiotic was used and analyzed according to patient demographics, diagnoses, procedures, concomitant medications, and provider specialty. Topical antibiotic use over time was analyzed using linear regression. RESULTS: The most frequent diagnoses associated with topical antibiotic use were benign or malignant neoplasm of skin, impetigo, insect bite, and cellulitis. Data revealed a significant downward trend in topical antibiotics associated with dermatologic surgery (p<.001) and a nonsignificant downward trend in use in conjunction with skin biopsies (p=.09). Topical antibiotic use by dermatologists was noted to be decreasing over time, whereas among non dermatologists, it was noted to be increasing, although neither of these trends was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Topical antibiotics continue to be used for non-evidence-based indications, despite data that suggest that such use may be detrimental for patients and represents significant costs to the health care system. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Uso de Medicamentos , Dermatopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Tópica , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Dermatologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem
9.
J Drugs Dermatol ; 10(8): 873-7, 2011 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21818508

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Combination therapy is a common and appropriate treatment strategy for moderate-to-severe psoriasis, as it provides for enhanced efficacy and decreased toxicity compared to the use of a single agent. Acitretin is an effective oral retinoid for psoriasis that seems to find its greatest value when complemented by other topical and systemic treatments. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study is to assess the use of acitretin in combination with other treatments for psoriasis. METHODS: We assessed the use of acitretin for the treatment of psoriasis using nationally representative survey data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS). RESULTS: Among visits where acitretin was listed in the NAMCS, other psoriasis medications were co-prescribed in 62 percent of visits. The co-prescribed medications included topical corticosteroids (51%), calcipotriene (31%), biologics (6%), cyclosporine (5%), methotrexate (5%) and tazarotene (2%). CONCLUSION: The use of acitretin in combination with other psoriasis treatments, particularly topical corticosteroids and calcipotriene, is a common practice. Acitretin is co-prescribed with the biologics, likely because of the relative lack of overlapping effects on immune function. The immune-sparing method of action of acitretin makes combination treatment with the systemic agents an attractive treatment option, especially in patients where further immunosuppression is unwarranted.


Assuntos
Acitretina/uso terapêutico , Uso de Medicamentos/tendências , Ceratolíticos/uso terapêutico , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Psoríase/epidemiologia , Acitretina/administração & dosagem , Acitretina/efeitos adversos , Administração Tópica , Terapia Combinada , Bases de Dados Factuais , Fármacos Dermatológicos/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Dermatológicos/efeitos adversos , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Progressão da Doença , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Ceratolíticos/administração & dosagem , Ceratolíticos/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Psoríase/patologia , Psoríase/terapia , Retinoides/administração & dosagem , Retinoides/uso terapêutico , Estados Unidos
10.
J Drugs Dermatol ; 10(7): 772-82, 2011 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21720660

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Acitretin is a systemic retinoid drug used in the treatment of severe psoriasis. It has also been used for a spectrum of other difficult-to-treat dermatoses, including hyperkeratotic and inflammatory dermatoses and non-melanoma skin cancers. Here we review the available data regarding both FDA-approved and off-label uses of acitretin, clinically relevant adverse events, precautions and monitoring. METHODS: A PubMed literature search was conducted utilizing the search term "acitretin," which yielded 714 hits. Results were further limited to English language clinical trials in human subjects. Of 78 articles evaluated for relevance, 60 were included for review. RESULTS: Acitretin is effective as monotherapy and in multidrug therapeutic regimens for the treatment of psoriasis and other hyperkeratotic and inflammatory disorders, as well as for malignancy chemoprevention. Its use is limited by its teratogenic potential and other adverse effects, including mucocutaneous effects and hepatotoxicity. Potential adverse effects may be reduced or avoided by using lower doses of acitretin or in combination with other therapies. LIMITATIONS: The reviewed studies include many small trials and case reports of the use of acitretin for psoriasis. Studies of acitretin therapy for the treatment of other cutaneous disorders are limited. CONCLUSION: Acitretin is a beneficial treatment for psoriasis, and should be considered when not contraindicated. Particularly when used in combination with ultraviolet (UV) phototherapy, is a safe and cost effective therapeutic strategy.


Assuntos
Acitretina/uso terapêutico , Ceratolíticos/uso terapêutico , Dermatopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Acitretina/farmacocinética , Humanos , Ceratolíticos/farmacocinética , Uso Off-Label , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/prevenção & controle
11.
J Drugs Dermatol ; 10(5): 531-7, 2011 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21533301

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent skin disorder with significant cost of treatment. Several prescription device moisturizers have been approved by the FDA to treat AD but are significantly more expensive than well-crafted over-the-counter (OTC) moisturizers. No studies have been performed to compare both the clinical efficacy and cost-efficacy of these prescription devices to OTC moisturizers. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical efficacy and cost-efficacy of a glycyrrhetinic acid-containing barrier repair cream (BRC-Gly, Atopiclair®), a ceramide-dominant barrier repair cream (BRC-Cer, EpiCeram®) and an OTC petroleum-based skin protectant moisturizer (OTC-Pet, Aquaphor Healing Ointment®) as monotherapy for mild-to-moderate AD in children. METHODS: Thirty-nine patients, age 2-17 years, with mild-to-moderate AD were randomized 1:1:1 to receive one of three treatments-BRC-Gly, BRC-Cer or OTC-Pet-with instructions to apply the treatment three times daily for three weeks. Disease severity and improvement was assessed at baseline and on days 7 and 21. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference for any efficacy assessment was found between the three groups at each time point. The OTC-Pet was found to be at least 47 times more cost-effective than BRC-Gly or BRC-Cer. LIMITATIONS: The relatively small sample size of 39 subjects was not sufficient to establish OTC-Pet as superior treatment in AD. CONCLUSIONS: OTC-Pet is as effective in treating mild-to-moderate AD as both BRC-Gly and BRC-Cer and is at least 47 times more cost-effective. NAME OF REGISTRY: II-AF-ATD-Aquaphor, Comparing the Efficacy and Cost-Effectiveness of Aquaphor to Atopiclair and EpiCeram in Children with Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis. REGISTRATION IDENTIFIER: NCT01093469.


Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica/tratamento farmacológico , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Emolientes/uso terapêutico , Administração Cutânea , Adolescente , Ceramidas/administração & dosagem , Ceramidas/economia , Ceramidas/uso terapêutico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Colesterol/administração & dosagem , Colesterol/economia , Colesterol/uso terapêutico , Análise Custo-Benefício , Dermatite Atópica/patologia , Fármacos Dermatológicos/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Dermatológicos/economia , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Gorduras na Dieta/economia , Gorduras na Dieta/uso terapêutico , Método Duplo-Cego , Combinação de Medicamentos , Emolientes/administração & dosagem , Emolientes/economia , Ácidos Graxos/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Graxos/economia , Ácidos Graxos/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Ácido Glicirretínico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Glicirretínico/economia , Ácido Glicirretínico/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Medicamentos sem Prescrição/administração & dosagem , Medicamentos sem Prescrição/economia , Medicamentos sem Prescrição/uso terapêutico , Vaselina/administração & dosagem , Vaselina/economia , Vaselina/uso terapêutico , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/economia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Medicamentos sob Prescrição/administração & dosagem , Medicamentos sob Prescrição/economia , Medicamentos sob Prescrição/uso terapêutico , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Resultado do Tratamento
12.
J Am Acad Dermatol ; 62(4): 646-54, 2010 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20227580

RESUMO

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare and often painful skin disease that can be unpredictable in its response to treatment. There is currently no gold standard of treatment or published algorithm for choice of therapy. The majority of data comes from case studies that lack a standard protocol not only for treatment administration but also for the objective assessment of lesion response to a specific therapy. This review provides an update to the treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with a particular focus on new systemic therapies.


Assuntos
Pioderma Gangrenoso/tratamento farmacológico , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Humanos
13.
Skin Res Technol ; 16(2): 253-8, 2010 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20456106

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Nonadherence to prescribed medications is a common problem in dermatology, and assessing adherence can be difficult. Electronic monitors are not always practical, but self-report measures may be less reliable. PURPOSE: To review the literature for self-report instruments and electronic monitors used to measure medication adherence in patients with chronic disease. METHODS: A PubMed literature search was conducted using the terms 'scale,''measure,''self-report,''electronic,' and 'medication adherence.' Relevant articles were reviewed and selected if they addressed self-report or electronic measures of adherence in chronic disease. RESULTS: Eleven self-report instruments for the measurement of adherence were identified. Four were validated using electronic monitors. All produced an estimate of adherence that correlated with actual behavior, although this correlation was not strong for any of the measures. None of the scales was tested in patients who had dermatologic disease and/or used topical medications. Several electronic monitoring systems were identified, including pill counts, pharmacy refill logs, and the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS). Validity was higher among electronic monitoring systems compared with self-report measures. CONCLUSION: While several self-report measures of adherence have been validated in chronic disease populations, their relevance in dermatology patients has not been studied. A dermatology-specific instrument for the measurement of adherence would contribute to improved outcomes; until such a tool exists, researchers and clinicians should consider nonadherence as a possible factor in skin disease that is not responsive to treatment. Electronic monitoring provides the most reliable means of measuring adherence, and may provide additional clues to identify barriers to adherence.


Assuntos
Monitoramento de Medicamentos/normas , Adesão à Medicação , Autoadministração/normas , Dermatopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Monitoramento de Medicamentos/instrumentação , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
14.
J Drugs Dermatol ; 9(11): 1402-6, 2010 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21061763

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Rosacea is a chronic skin condition that requires lifelong treatment. Given the rise in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, many physicians are re-evaluating their use of antibiotics for long-term treatment of rosacea. PURPOSE: To examine trends in the treatment of rosacea and the comorbidities associated with this skin condition. METHODS: From 2002-2006, the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey queried drug mentions at rosacea visits and coexisting diagnoses. Prescribing patterns of dermatologists were compared to other physicians' patterns. RESULTS: Ten million physician visits had the diagnosis of rosacea; 74 percent were associated with co-morbidities. Metronidazole, tetracyclines, azelaic acid and sodium sulfacetamide were the top medications mentioned at rosacea visits. Prescriptions increased for azelaic acid and decreased for sodium sulfacetamide. Dermatologists decreased their prescribing of systemic medications. CONCLUSION: Dermatologists are reducing their use of systemic antibiotics for rosacea and turning to therapies, such as azelaic acid, that do not have potential to induce bacterial resistance.


Assuntos
Padrões de Prática Médica , Rosácea/tratamento farmacológico , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Uso de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Rosácea/complicações , Dermatopatias/complicações
15.
J Drugs Dermatol ; 9(5): 519-24, 2010 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20480795

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris has been treated with long-term courses of antibiotics since the 1960s. Antibiotic-resistance of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) was first documented in the late 1970s, and, over 20 years later, the problem of antibiotic resistance still exists. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess trends in prescribing antibiotics for acne from 1997-2006. METHODS: The authors examined the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) database and recorded medications at all visits to the physician in which acne vulgaris (ICD-9-CM code 706.1) was the only diagnosis from 1997-2006. RESULTS: Declines in the use of erythromycin and isotretinoin (both P < 0.001) for acne were noted for all physicians. Tetracyclines saw significant increases in use by both dermatologists and non-dermatologists (P < 0.01 and P = 0.05, respectively). Prescribing of benzoyl peroxide monotherapy was unchanged for non-dermatologists (P = 0.22) and is on the decline for dermatologists (P < 0.001). The use of BPO + clindamycin combination topical treatments rose sharply for all physicians (P < 0.001), resulting in greater use of both total BPO and total clindamycin for acne over time (P < 0.001). Topical retinoid use increased among dermatologists (P < 0.05) but appeared to be on the decline among non-dermatologists (P = 0.067). CONCLUSION: The development of antibiotic resistance is of concern. Greater awareness of retinoid use for maintenance therapy, using topical benzoyl peroxide to prevent resistance, and limiting use of oral antibiotics to as short a time period as possible are measures to contribute to better eco-responsible acne treatment.


Assuntos
Acne Vulgar/tratamento farmacológico , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Padrões de Prática Médica/tendências , Acne Vulgar/microbiologia , Administração Cutânea , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Bases de Dados Factuais , Fármacos Dermatológicos/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Humanos , Propionibacterium acnes/efeitos dos fármacos , Propionibacterium acnes/isolamento & purificação , Estados Unidos
16.
J Drugs Dermatol ; 9(4): 324-9, 2010 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20514788

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) may have poor adherence for several reasons, including fear of side effects or dislike of messy topical therapies. PURPOSE: To assess adherence to and efficacy of a multifaceted program for atopic dermatitis using a lightweight, easy-to-apply medication and more frequent return visits. METHODS: Forty-one subjects with mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis were instructed to use desonide hydrogel 0.05% twice daily. Disease severity was measured at baseline and weeks 1, 2 and 4. Subjects also received a follow-up phone call on day 3. Adherence was assessed using electronic monitors. At the end of the study, subjects sampled and rated the vehicle attributes of six different topical corticosteroid formulations. RESULTS: Mean adherence to twice-daily application slowly declined over time, from 81% on day 1 to 50% by day 27. An improvement in pruritus was observed as early as day 3, and by week 4, mean pruritus and EASI scores improved from baseline by 60% and 61%, respectively. Mean SGA scores also improved to marked improvement/almost clear by week 4. In vehicle attribute surveys, the hydrogel was consistently rated higher than the other vehicles in all categories. CONCLUSION: Subjects responded very well to treatment, and adherence to desonide hydrogel 0.05% was much better than previously reported with ointments. The early efficacy, favorable attributes of the hydrogel vehicle and judicious follow up likely increased adherence to topical therapy. The use of ointments or more potent topical steroids as a first choice may be counterproductive in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.


Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica/tratamento farmacológico , Desonida/uso terapêutico , Hidrogel de Polietilenoglicol-Dimetacrilato/uso terapêutico , Adesão à Medicação , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
17.
Cutis ; 86(4): 208-13, 2010 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21140931

RESUMO

Variations in adherence may cause variations in treatment outcomes with topical corticosteroid therapy for atopic dermatitis. An intensive short course of outpatient treatment may promote good adherence and provide a high level of efficacy. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy, tolerability, and adherence to short-term treatment with fluocinonide cream 0.1% in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Twenty participants with mild to severe atopic dermatitis were instructed to use fluocinonide cream 0.1% twice daily for 3 consecutive days for a total of 6 doses. Disease severity was assessed at baseline, day 3, day 7, and day 14. Electronic monitoring was used to measure adherence to treatment. Median adherence to treatment over the 3-day period was 100%. By day 14, the median visual analog scale (VAS) of pruritus and eczema area and severity index (EASI) scores improved from baseline by 79% and 76%, respectively. By the end of the study period, 11 participants had investigator global assessment (IGA) scores of clear or almost clear. The absolute degree of improvement was proportional to baseline disease severity. Short-term treatment with fluocinonide cream 0.1% for atopic dermatitis was well-tolerated and resulted in significant disease improvement (P < .001). Participants were highly adherent to the 3-day treatment regimen. Efforts to improve adherence may be valuable approaches for treating recalcitrant atopic dermatitis.


Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica/tratamento farmacológico , Fluocinonida/uso terapêutico , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Adesão à Medicação , Adolescente , Adulto , Dermatite Atópica/patologia , Feminino , Fluocinonida/administração & dosagem , Fluocinonida/efeitos adversos , Glucocorticoides/administração & dosagem , Glucocorticoides/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
18.
Cutis ; 86(2): 94-9, 2010 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20919604

RESUMO

While acne vulgaris is a common skin disease, many misconceptions still exist. The purpose of this study is to provide epidemiologic data to accurately describe the US population affected with acne and its associated comorbidities. Patient information was obtained from a third-party database of administrative claims from more than 80 public and private healthcare plans, representing approximately 9.6 million unique patients, and analyzed using the Total Resource Utilization Benchmarks process. Benchmarks in this study included sex, age, comorbidities, medication, and cost. Nearly two-thirds of visits were made by females (65.2%). Teenagers (age range, 12-17 years) comprised only 36.5% of patients with acne, while patients 18 years or older comprised 61.9%. Depression was reported in 10.6% of females with acne. The average total episode cost across all age groups was determined to be $689.06, with a range of $361.25 (age range, 0-11 years) to $869.06 (age range, 15-17 years). The older patients (age 65+ years) more often were prescribed different medications than younger individuals. This analysis only included patients who sought treatment of their acne and may underestimate the total prevalence of acne in the population. Acne is a disease that affects all age groups, not just adolescents. Differences in age are associated with differences in pharmaceutical treatment as well as total healthcare utilization. Depression is a substantial comorbidity and patients seeking treatment of acne should be screened for depression.


Assuntos
Acne Vulgar/epidemiologia , Acne Vulgar/economia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Comorbidade , Depressão/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia
19.
Cutis ; 86(2): 103-8, 2010 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20919606

RESUMO

New combination topical formulations for the treatment of acne may improve outcomes by increasing adherence. We assessed adherence to and efficacy of a combination topical medication for acne applied once daily compared with daily applications of 2 separate generic subcomponents. Twenty-six participants with mild to moderate acne vulgaris were randomized to 12 weeks of once daily application of clindamycin phosphate 7.2%-tretinoin 0.025% gel (CTG) combination product or separate daily applications of clindamycin phosphate gel 1% and tretinoin cream 0.025% (C gel + T cream) for a total of 2 applications daily. Disease severity was measured at baseline and weeks 4, 8, and 12. Adherence was monitored using electronic monitoring caps on the medication tubes. Of the 26 participants enrolled, 21 completed the 12-week study. Median adherence in the CTG group was 88% compared with 61% in the C gel + T cream group. There was a 51% mean reduction in total lesions for the CTG group versus a 32% mean reduction for the C gel + T cream group by the end of the study. Both CTG and separate applications of C gel + T cream improved mild to moderate acne. The use of a once daily combination product has the advantage of promoting better adherence and clinical outcomes.


Assuntos
Acne Vulgar/tratamento farmacológico , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Clindamicina/administração & dosagem , Cooperação do Paciente , Tretinoína/administração & dosagem , Administração Tópica , Adolescente , Criança , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Géis/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Masculino , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Resultado do Tratamento
20.
Dermatol Online J ; 16(2): 1, 2010 Feb 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20178697

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Phototherapy is a mainstay in the treatment of psoriasis and other photoresponsive dermatoses and home phototherapy has broadened therapeutic options. PURPOSE: To describe the history of home phototherapy, the technological advances in the safety and efficacy of the equipment available, and the associated issues of cost, convenience, adherence, and quality of life. METHODS: We conducted a literature review of home phototherapy, broad-band UVB, narrow-band UVB, and PUVA phototherapy using PUBMED. A Google search of home phototherapy equipment and technology was also undertaken. RESULTS: Technological advances in home phototherapy equipment have allowed for more treatment options and improvements in safety and efficacy. One randomized, controlled trial found results comparable to office-based phototherapy. Home phototherapy is convenient, cost-effective, and associated with better quality of life compared to outpatient phototherapy treatment. One trial found that adherence to home phototherapy regimens was better than to oral retinoids. CONCLUSIONS: Home phototherapy is a well-tolerated, efficacious, economical and patient friendly therapeutic option. Advantages of home phototherapy include improved quality of life, greater convenience, lower cost, and less time lost from work and social activities. Dermatologists should strongly consider home phototherapy as a first-line treatment option for appropriately selected psoriasis patients.


Assuntos
Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Fototerapia , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Análise Custo-Benefício , Equipamentos Médicos Duráveis , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Humanos , Terapia PUVA , Cooperação do Paciente , Seleção de Pacientes , Fototerapia/efeitos adversos , Fototerapia/economia , Fototerapia/instrumentação , Fototerapia/métodos , Psoríase/fisiopatologia , Qualidade de Vida , Segurança , Terapia Ultravioleta
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