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Chloride ion-pumping rhodopsin (ClR) in some marine bacteria utilizes light energy to actively transport Cl- into cells. How the ClR initiates the transport is elusive. Here, we show the dynamics of ion transport observed with time-resolved serial femtosecond (fs) crystallography using the Linac Coherent Light Source. X-ray pulses captured structural changes in ClR upon flash illumination with a 550 nm fs-pumping laser. High-resolution structures for five time points (dark to 100 ps after flashing) reveal complex and coordinated dynamics comprising retinal isomerization, water molecule rearrangement, and conformational changes of various residues. Combining data from time-resolved spectroscopy experiments and molecular dynamics simulations, this study reveals that the chloride ion close to the Schiff base undergoes a dissociation-diffusion process upon light-triggered retinal isomerization.
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Canais de Cloreto/metabolismo , Cloretos/metabolismo , Rodopsinas Microbianas/metabolismo , Cátions Monovalentes/metabolismo , Canais de Cloreto/isolamento & purificação , Canais de Cloreto/efeitos da radiação , Canais de Cloreto/ultraestrutura , Cristalografia/métodos , Radiação Eletromagnética , Lasers , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Nocardioides , Conformação Proteica em alfa-Hélice/efeitos da radiação , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína/efeitos da radiação , Proteínas Recombinantes/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Proteínas Recombinantes/efeitos da radiação , Proteínas Recombinantes/ultraestrutura , Retinaldeído/metabolismo , Retinaldeído/efeitos da radiação , Rodopsinas Microbianas/isolamento & purificação , Rodopsinas Microbianas/efeitos da radiação , Rodopsinas Microbianas/ultraestrutura , Água/metabolismoRESUMO
Near-infrared light-driven photocatalytic CO2 reduction (NIR-CO2PR) holds tremendous promise for the production of valuable commodity chemicals and fuels. However, designing photocatalysts capable of reducing CO2 with low energy NIR photons remains challenging. Herein, a novel NIR-driven photocatalyst comprising an anionic Ru complex intercalated between NiAl-layered double hydroxide nanosheets (NiAl-Ru-LDH) is shown to deliver efficient CO2 photoreduction (0.887â µmol h-1) with CO selectivity of 84.81 % under 1200â nm illumination and excellent stability over 50 testing cycles. This remarkable performance results from the intercalated Ru complex lowering the LDH band gap (0.98â eV) via a compression-related charge redistribution phenomenon. Furthermore, transient absorption spectroscopy data verified light-induced electron transfer from the Ru complex towards the LDH sheets, increasing the availability of electrons to drive CO2PR. The presence of hydroxyl defects in the LDH sheets promotes the adsorption of CO2 molecules and lowers the energy barriers for NIR-CO2PR to CO. To our knowledge, this is one of the first reports of NIR-CO2PR at wavelengths up to 1200â nm in LDH-based photocatalyst systems.
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BACKGROUND: The purpose of this trial was to assess the safety and effectiveness of a paclitaxel-coated balloon catheter in Chinese patients with de novo or nonstented restenotic femoropopliteal atherosclerotic lesions. METHODS: BIOLUX P-IV China is a prospective, independently adjudicated, multicenter, single-arm trial conducted in China. Patients with Rutherford class 2-4 were eligible, excluded were patients in which predilation resulted in severe (≥ grade D) flow-limiting dissection or residual stenosis > 70%. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 1, 6, and 12 months. The primary safety end point was 30-day major adverse event rate and the primary effectiveness end point was primary patency at 12 months. RESULTS: We enrolled 158 patients with 158 lesions. Mean age was 67.6 ± 9.6 years, diabetes was present in 53.8% (n = 85), and previous peripheral intervention/surgeries in 17.1% (n = 27). Lesions were 4.1 ± 0.9 mm in diameter and 74 ± 50 mm long with a mean diameter stenosis of 91 ± 13%; 58.2% (n = 92) were occluded (core laboratory analysis). Device success was achieved in all patients. The rate of major adverse events was 0.6% (95% confidence interval: 0.0; 3.5) at 30 days, consisting of 1 target lesion revascularization. At 12 months, binary restenosis was present in 18.7% (n = 26) and target lesion revascularization was performed in 1.4% (n = 2, all clinically driven), resulting in a primary patency of 80.0% (95% confidence interval: 72.4, 85.8); no major target limb amputation occurred. Clinical improvement at 12 months, defined as improvement of at least 1 Rutherford class, was 95.3% (n = 130). The median walking distance per 6-minute walk test was 279 m at baseline and improved by 50 m at 30 days and by 60 m at 12 months; the visual analogue scale changed from 76.6 ± 15.6 at baseline to 80.0 ± 15.0 at 30 days and 78.6 ± 14.6 at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirmed the clinical effectiveness and safety of a paclitaxel-coated peripheral balloon dilatation catheter for the treatment of de novo and nonstented restenotic lesion of the superficial femoral and proximal popliteal artery in Chinese patients (NCT02912715).
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Angioplastia com Balão , Aterosclerose , Doença Arterial Periférica , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Estudos Prospectivos , Constrição Patológica/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Doença Arterial Periférica/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença Arterial Periférica/terapia , Salvamento de Membro , Artéria Femoral/diagnóstico por imagem , Aterosclerose/etiologia , Artéria Poplítea/diagnóstico por imagem , Paclitaxel/efeitos adversos , China , Angioplastia com Balão/efeitos adversos , Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis , Catéteres , Grau de Desobstrução VascularRESUMO
The research on perylene diimide (PDI) aggregates effectively promotes their applications in organic photovoltaic solar cells and fluorescent sensors. In this paper, a PDI fabricated with three peripheral PDI units (N, N'-bis(6-undecyl) perylene-3,4,9,10-bis(dicarboximide)) is investigated. The trimer shows different absorption and fluorescence properties due to hydrophobicity when dissolved in the mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and water. Through comprehensive analysis of the fluorescence lifetime and transient absorption spectroscopic results, we concluded that the trimer underwent different excited state kinetic pathways with different concentrations of water in THF. When dissolved in pure THF solvent, both the intramolecular charge-transfer and excimer states are formed. When the water concentration increases from 0 to 50% (v/v), the formation time of the excimer state and its structural relaxation time are prolonged, illustrating the arising of the intermolecular excimer state. It is interesting to determine that the probability of the intramolecular charge-transfer pathway will first decrease and then increase as the speed of intermolecular excimer formation slows down. The two inflection points appear when the water concentration is above 10% and 40%. The results not only highlight the importance of hydrophobicity on the aggregate properties of PDI multimers but also guide the further design of PDI-based organic photovoltaic solar cells.
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OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to review our institutional experience of endovascular treatment for isolated subclavian artery aneurysms and evaluate the long-term outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective review of all patients with isolated subclavian artery aneurysms who underwent endovascular treatment between March 2008 and March 2020 was performed. The demographics, aneurysmal characteristics, treatment strategies, and in-hospital and follow-up outcomes were recorded and then analyzed. RESULTS: From March 2008 to March 2020, 35 isolated subclavian artery aneurysms were endovascularly treated at our institution. Atherosclerosis was the most common cause of aneurysms in this series. Most aneurysms were intrathoracic (91.4%) and located at the right side (77.1%). There were 26 true aneurysms, seven pseudoaneurysms, and two ruptured isolated subclavian artery aneurysms. Five types of endovascular strategies were performed. Covered stent placement across the aneurysm was the most (54.3%) commonly used method. Technical success was achieved in all patients. The median postoperative in-hospital stay was 4.0 days (range, 1-15 days). One patient died after discharge but within 30 days of surgery due to myocardial infarction. The median follow-up time was 62.0 months (range, 3-132 months). No death, stroke, stent fractures, or severe upper limb ischemia developed during the follow-up period. The cumulative survival rate at five years was 97.1%. The overall complication rate was 25.7% and one-third of complications (8.6%) required reinterventions. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular treatment for isolated subclavian artery aneurysms is safe, effective and technically achievable in most patients. Short- and long-term outcomes are promising. Reasonable and flexible use of covered stents can also get satisfactory outcomes in some complicated lesions such as isolated subclavian artery aneurysms located at the origin of the right subclavian artery, avoiding the huge surgical trauma caused by conventional open repair.
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Falso Aneurisma/terapia , Aneurisma Roto/terapia , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Artéria Subclávia , Adulto , Idoso , Falso Aneurisma/diagnóstico por imagem , Falso Aneurisma/fisiopatologia , Aneurisma Roto/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma Roto/fisiopatologia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Retratamento , Estudos Retrospectivos , Stents , Artéria Subclávia/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Subclávia/fisiopatologia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The perfused elastase AAA model and subcutaneous Angiotensin II infusion AAA model are widely used murine AAA models. We modified these two current models and developed a new murine model to study aneurysm formation and rupture. METHODS: The murine abdominal aorta was treated with elastase. Angiotensin II was infused at a dose of 1,000 ng/kg/min via an osmotic pump placed subcutaneously. A saline osmotic pump was used as the control. The aortas were harvested from the mice 4 weeks later, or earlier if mice died. The abdominal aorta was inspected using ultrasound and microscopy for aneurysm formation and/or signs of rupture. The aneurysm outcome was measured using aortic expansion and proinflammatory cytokine expression. It was also compared with the established conventional elastase perfusion and angiotensin II infusion abdominal aortic aneurysm models. RESULTS: By day 28 after surgery, all abdominal aortas of mice treated in the modified group had dilated and progressed to abdominal aortic aneurysms with 60% ruptured aneurysms, whereas none of the control aortas treated with saline became aneurysmal. In mice treated with elastase solution alone, 100% developed aneurysms and only one had a ruptured aneurysm. In mice given angiotensin II infusion alone, 37.5% developed aneurysms and none had a ruptured aneurysm. Histological examination of the modified murine abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture model was identical to that observed in the conventional elastase model. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed similarly increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS: We modified two current murine abdominal aortic aneurysm models to develop a murine abdominal aortic aneurysm model with consistent aneurysm formation and high rupture incidence, which can be used for studying abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture and treatment.
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Angiotensina II , Aorta Abdominal/patologia , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/induzido quimicamente , Ruptura Aórtica/induzido quimicamente , Elastase Pancreática , Remodelação Vascular , Animais , Aorta Abdominal/metabolismo , Aorta Abdominal/fisiopatologia , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/metabolismo , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/patologia , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/fisiopatologia , Ruptura Aórtica/metabolismo , Ruptura Aórtica/patologia , Ruptura Aórtica/fisiopatologia , Citocinas/metabolismo , Dilatação Patológica , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Intercellular communication between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their target cells in the perivascular environment is modulated by exosomes derived from MSCs. However, the potential role of exosome-mediated microRNA transfer in neointimal hyperplasia remains to be investigated. To evaluate the effects of MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) on neointimal hyperplasia, their effects upon vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth in vitro and neointimal hyperplasia in vivo were assessed in a model of balloon-induced vascular injury. Our results showed that MSC-Exo were internalised by VSMCs and inhibited proliferation and migration in vitro. Further analysis revealed that miR-125b was enriched in MSC-Exo, and repressed the expression of myosin 1E (Myo1e) by targeting its 3' untranslated region. Additionally, MSC-Exo and exosomally transferred miR-125b repressed Myo1e expression and suppressed VSMC proliferation and migration and neointimal hyperplasia in vivo. In summary, our findings revealed that MSC-Exo can transfer miR-125b to VSMCs and inhibit VSMC proliferation and migration in vitro and neointimal hyperplasia in vivo by repressing Myo1e, indicating that miR-125b may be a therapeutic target in the treatment of vascular diseases.
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Exossomos/genética , Hiperplasia/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Miosina Tipo I/genética , Neointima/genética , Lesões do Sistema Vascular/genética , Animais , Apoptose/genética , Movimento Celular/genética , Proliferação de Células/genética , Exossomos/transplante , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Humanos , Hiperplasia/patologia , Hiperplasia/terapia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismo , Camundongos , Músculo Liso Vascular/patologia , Miócitos de Músculo Liso , Neointima/patologia , Neointima/terapia , Lesões do Sistema Vascular/patologia , Lesões do Sistema Vascular/terapiaRESUMO
The precision of array of laser applications and manipulation on smaller scales are limited by the so-called 200 nm wall, and breakthroughs rely on the discovery of new materials with transparency and phase matchability in the ultraviolet and deep ultraviolet region. Herein, we discover an unprecedented alignment of the asymmetric non-π-conjugated species [PO3F] in NaNH4PO3F·H2O, which allows the best uniform P-F bond orientation that generates a remarkable enhancement of the (010) in-plane anisotropy that yields the largest birefringence (obv.: 0.053) to date in the phosphate and fluorophosphate families. The substance produces second harmonic generation lasers through direct frequency doubling with incident Yb:KGW femtosecond lasers on an as-synthesized (010) wafer with a size of 14 × 10 × 2.1 mm3. According to the calculated refractive index dispersion curve, the shortest second-harmonic generation (SHG) wavelength is estimated to be 194 nm, the shortest among phosphates and monofluorophosphate. These insights may help to design other high-performance non-π-conjugated deep-UV nonlinear optical materials.
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BACKGROUND: Podocyte injury was reported to be involved in the major pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced ischemic acute renal failure. Our purpose was to study the mechanism of miR-187 improving I/R-induced podocytes injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The miR-187 mimics and inhibitor were transfected into the immortalized mouse podocyte (MPC-5) cells, and then transfected cells were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R, 3/3 h) to establish an H/R cell model. To investigate the effects of miR-187 on H/R-induced cell injury, cell viability and apoptosis were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry. Dual-luciferase report system was used to verify whether miR-187 could directly target acetylcholinesterase (ACHE). The animal ischemia/reperfusion model was established and injected with miR-187 agomir. Kidney tissue sections were subjected to histological examination by hematoxylin and eosin staining to assess the renal injury. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blot were performed to determine gene expressions. RESULTS: The transfection of miR-187 mimics contributed to MPC-cells resistance to H/R-induced cell injury, which was reflected by enhanced cell viability and reduced apoptosis (from 20.05% to 9.43%) in H/R + negative control group. ACHE was confirmed as a target of miR-187, and ACHE siRNA had a similar efficiency to miR-187 mimic. The injection of miR-187 agomir not only effectively protected the kidney from I/R-induced injury, but also reduced the concentrations of serum creatinine. Moreover, nephrin was noticeably increased and desmin was decreased under the effects of agomir. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated that miR-187 improved I/R-induced ischemic acute renal failure through protecting glomerular filtration barrier by blocking the expression of ACHE.
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Acetilcolinesterase/genética , Injúria Renal Aguda/prevenção & controle , MicroRNAs/fisiologia , Podócitos/patologia , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/prevenção & controle , Animais , Apoptose , Sobrevivência Celular , Células Cultivadas , Masculino , Camundongos , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To improve hybrid open-endovascular repair, the Viabahn Open Revascularization Technique (VORTEC) has emerged as a sutureless method that reduces renal ischemia time. This study aimed to compare the differences between VORTEC and standard hybrid open-endovascular repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) in renal ischemia. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 26 TAAA patients who underwent hybrid open-endovascular repair from April 2005 to April 2017. Twenty-one patients underwent standard hybrid open-endovascular repair, and 5 underwent VORTEC hybrid open-endovascular repair. RESULTS: Through April 2018, 26 patients were followed up for 48 ± 43 months. Nine patent renal arteries were revascularized by Viabahn in the VORTEC group, while 36 were revascularized with presewn multibranched grafts in the standard treatment group. The renal ischemia time was shorter in the VORTEC group than in the standard treatment group (5 ± 2 min vs. 15 ± 6 min). The increase in serum creatinine (SCr) on the first postoperative day in the standard treatment group was higher than that in the VORTEC group (1.68 ± 0.79 vs. 1.14 ± 0.05). Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurred in 5 patients in the standard treatment group (5/21, 24%). No patient experienced AKI in the VORTEC group (0/5, 0%). The renal artery (RA) patency rates in the VORTEC group were 100% (7/7) at both 1 week and 12 months after surgery. In the standard treatment group, the RA patency rates were 97% at 1 week (33/34) and 93% at 12 months (28/30) after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: VORTEC reduces renal ischemia time and decreases postoperative AKI in patients undergoing hybrid repair of thoracoabdominal aneurysms.
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Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese Vascular/instrumentação , Prótese Vascular , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Isquemia , Artéria Renal/cirurgia , Circulação Renal , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , Adulto , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/fisiopatologia , Implante de Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desenho de Prótese , Artéria Renal/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Renal/fisiopatologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos sem Sutura , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Grau de Desobstrução VascularRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and outcomes of the conformable thoracic endograft (Conformable TAG Thoracic Endoprosthesis [CTAG]; W. L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, Ariz) for acute complicated and uncomplicated type B aortic dissection (TBAD). METHODS: Between February and October 2016, 52 consecutive patients with acute complicated or uncomplicated TBAD were treated with a CTAG device. We assessed safety, complications, and device conformability using intraoperative angiography and computed tomography angiography. The mean follow-up period was 8.2 ± 3.5 months (range, 4-12 months). RESULTS: All patients survived through the follow-up period. No endoleaks, retrograde aortic dissection, distal new entry tear, stroke, or paraplegia was observed postoperatively. Two patients (3.8%) experienced minor wound hematomas without further treatment. Eleven patients (21.2%) underwent a chimney technique to rebuild supra-arch vessels. A bird-beak configuration was observed in seven (13.5%) patients, five of whom underwent a chimney technique. Analysis of aortic remodeling showed that the minimal true lumen area significantly increased in both complicated and uncomplicated acute TBAD (P < .001 and P = .047, respectively). Likewise, the maximal false lumen area significantly decreased in uncomplicated dissection (P = .006), but no change in maximal false lumen area was detected in complicated dissection (P = .32). CONCLUSIONS: Early outcomes indicate that the CTAG device provides reliable clinical effectiveness and excellent conformability in treating acute complicated and uncomplicated TBAD without risk of major complications. Studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are required to evaluate longer term outcomes.
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Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese Vascular/instrumentação , Prótese Vascular , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Stents , Doença Aguda , Dissecção Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aortografia/métodos , Implante de Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Desenho de Prótese , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The objective was to explore the outcomes and aortic remodelling after proximal thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in post type B aortic dissection thoracic aneurysm with a maximal diameter ≥ 5.5cm. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 34 cases of type B aortic dissection thoracic aneurysm undergoing proximal TEVAR (coverage of the primary entry and the aneurysm extent) from 2008 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed with follow-up for at least 2 years. The primary endpoints were 30-day mortality and survival at 2 years. The secondary endpoints were major complication and re-intervention. The aortic remodelling was investigated by comparison of the maximum diameter of the aneurysm and the diameter of true and false lumen at the same level between baseline and 2 years after TEVAR. Besides, we also analysed the possible relevant factors of aortic remodelling including the course of dissection, the involvement of dissection, and the length and shape of the stent graft. RESULTS: The 30 day mortality was 2.9 % (1/34). The paraplegia rate post-TEVAR was 2.9 % (1/34). Overall, 32 out of the 34 cases were followed-up for 24 - 79 months. At 2 years, the overall and aortic specific survival were 87.5 % and 90.3 % respectively. The two year freedom from re-intervention rate was 87.5 %. Compared to the preoperative data, maximum diameter of descending aorta at 2 years demonstrated a slight increase (65.4±14.1mm Vs 63.9±9.1mm), but without significance (P>0.05). Meanwhile, we noticed a significant increase of true lumen (P < 0.01) and decrease of false lumen (P < 0.01) at the same level. Relevant analysis showed that positive aortic remodelling of the maximum diameter was associated with chronic phase (≥ 90 days of dissection onset) (P < 0.05) and the application of 150 - 170mm stent grafts (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Proximal TEVAR of post type B dissection thoracic aneurysm had generally favourable short- and mid-term outcomes with low paraplegia rate. Besides, it can achieve a certain extent of aortic remodelling.
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Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgia , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Stents , Remodelação Vascular , Adulto , Idoso , Dissecção Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radiografia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value and clinical effect of peripheral aneurysms with polytetrafluoroethene (PTFE) stent graft after peripheral endovascular procedures. METHODS: From May 2012 to November 2013, 13 patients of peripheral aneurysms were treated with PTFE stent graft. There were 9 male and 4 female patients, aged from 24 to 74 years with a mean of 52 years. There were 7 aneurysms and 6 pseudoaneurysms. This stent graft was a self-expanding nitinol stent, internally covered by an ultra-thin polytetrafluoroethene (PTFE) graft. All peripheral aneurysms were repaired with the PTFE stent graft, using an entirely percutaneous approach. All patients were given clopidogrel and (or) aspirin postoperatively. Complications and reintervention rates were also examined. RESULTS: PTFE stent graft placement was successfully performed in all the 13 cases, and the instant isolation effect was quite satisfactory. During the follow-up period of 3 to 18 months, no stent graft related complications occurred in all patients except one patient with iliac arterial pseudoaneurysm, who developed pseudoaneurysms presented as a complication at puncture site. There were no other symptomatic complications with graft patience. CONCLUSION: Endovascular repair can be considered as an effective treatment strategy for peripheral aneurysms by PTFE stent graft.
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Aneurisma/cirurgia , Stents Farmacológicos , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Fluorocarbonos , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polímeros , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The roadway space of coal mine is narrow, and the illumination is low and uneven. Dynamic mining is accompanied by dust and water mist. The accuracy and reliability of roadway data collected by vision and laser sensors are poor. Based on this, a digital modeling method of coal mine roadway based on millimeter-wave radar array is proposed. Firstly, aiming at the problem of complex environmental interference, combined with the characteristics of small amount of single frame data of millimeter-wave point cloud, a multi-layer filtering noise reduction processing and dynamic subgraph registration method of millimeter-wave point cloud is proposed to filter out interference points and realize single radar point cloud registration. Secondly, aiming at the problem that a single millimeter-wave radar cannot scan the complete roadway information at one time, combined with the characteristics of small elevation field of view of millimeter-wave radar, a millimeter-wave radar array acquisition system is built, and an improved iterative closest point (ICP) registration algorithm based on point cloud features is established to construct the roadway point cloud fusion model. Finally, aiming at the problem of uneven and sparse point cloud after array fusion, a Poisson surface reconstruction method based on point cloud density weighted interpolation is proposed to refine the roadway structure and realize the accurate reconstruction of digital roadway model. The experimental results show that the digital modeling method of millimeter-wave radar array can accurately obtain the information of roadway surrounding rock, the density of roadway point cloud is increased by 22.4%, and the average absolute error percentage of the width and height of the reconstructed roadway model is only 0.82% and 0.72%, which provides a new research method for the reconstruction of underground roadway and an important basis for the digital modeling method of coal mine roadway.
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As a pervasive neurodevelopmental disease, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is caused by both hereditary and environmental elements. Research has demonstrated the functions of the Notch pathway and DNA methylation in the etiology of ASD. DNA methyltransferases DNMT3 and DNMT1 are responsible for methylation establishment and maintenance, respectively. In this study, we aimed to explore the association of DNA methyltransferases with the Notch pathway in ASD. Our results showed Notch1 and Hes1 were upregulated, while DNMT3A and DNMT3B were downregulated at the protein level in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HC) and cerebellum (CB) of VPA-induced ASD rats compared with Control (Con) group. However, the protein levels of DNMT3A and DNMT3B were augmented after treatment with 3,5-difluorophenacetyl-L-alanyl-S-phenylglycine-2-butyl ester (DAPT), suggesting that abnormal Notch pathway activation may affect the expression of DNMT3A and DNMT3B. Besides, our previous findings revealed that the Notch pathway may participate in development of ASD by influencing autophagy. Therefore, we hypothesized the Notch pathway adjusts autophagy and contributes to ASD by affecting DNA methyltransferases. Our current results showed that after receiving the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-2'dc), the VPA + DAPT+5-Aza-2'dc (V + D + Aza) group exhibited reduced social interaction ability and increased stereotyped behaviors, and decreased expression of DNMT3A, DNMT3B and autophagy-related proteins, but did not show changes in Notch1 and Hes1 protein levels. Our results indicated that the Notch1/Hes1 pathway may adjust DNMT3A and DNMT3B expression and subsequently affect autophagy in the occurrence of ASD, providing new insight into the pathogenesis of ASD.
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Transtorno do Espectro Autista , Ácido Valproico , Ratos , Animais , Ácido Valproico/farmacologia , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/induzido quimicamente , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/genética , Metilação de DNA , Transdução de Sinais , Metilases de Modificação do DNA/metabolismo , DNA/metabolismo , Autofagia , Fatores de Transcrição HES-1/genética , Fatores de Transcrição HES-1/metabolismo , Receptor Notch1/genética , Receptor Notch1/metabolismoRESUMO
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a permanent, asymptomatic segmental dilatation of the abdominal aorta, with a high mortality risk upon rupture. Identification of potential key genes and pathways may help to develop curative drugs for AAA. We conducted RNA-seq on abdominal aortic tissues from both AAA patients and normal individuals as a control group. Integrated bioinformatic analysis was subsequently performed to comprehensively reveal potential key genes and pathways. A total of 1148 differential expressed genes (DEGs) (631 up-regulated and 517 down-regulated) were identified in our study. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed enrichment in terms related to extracellular matrix organization, while KEGG analysis indicated enrichment in hematopoietic cell lineage and ECM-receptor interaction. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis revealed several candidate key genes, and differential expression of 6 key genes (CXCL8, CCL2, PTGS2, SELL, CCR7, and CXCL1) was validated by Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis demonstrated these genes' high discriminatory ability between AAA and normal tissues. Immunohistochemistry indicated that several key genes were highly expressed in AAA tissues. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed differential distribution patterns of these identified key genes among various cell types. 26 potential drugs linked to our key genes were found through DGIdb. Overall, our study provides a comprehensive evaluation of potential key genes and pathways in AAA, which could pave the way for the development of curative pharmacological therapies.
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Objectives: The aim of this study was to review our management experience of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAAs) using an endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR)-only strategy, and discuss the feasibility of this strategy. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical data was performed in patients with RAAAs from January 2009 to October 2020. Our strategy toward operative treatment for RAAAs evolved from an EVAR-selected (from January 2009 to April 2014) to an EVAR-only (from May 2014 to October 2020) strategy. Baseline characteristics, thirty-day mortality, perioperative complications, and long-term outcomes of patients were compared between the two periods. Results: A total of 93 patients undergoing emergent RAAA repair were eventually included. The overall operation rate in RAAAs at our centre was 70.5% (93/132). In the EVAR-only period, all 53 patients underwent ruptured endovascular aneurysm repair (rEVAR). However, only 47.5% (19/40) of patients in the EVAR-selected period underwent rEVAR, and the remaining 21 patients underwent emergent open surgery. Thirty-day mortality in the EVAR-only group was 22.6% (12/53) compared with 25.0% (10/40) for the EVAR-selected group (P = 0.79). Systolic blood pressure ≤70 mmHg [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 4.99, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13-22.08, P = 0.03] and abdominal compartment syndrome (adjusted OR 3.72, 95% CI, 1.12-12.32, P = 0.03) were identified as independent risk factors responsible for 30-day mortality. After 5 years, 47.5% (95% CI, 32.0-63.0%) of patients in the EVAR-selected group were still alive versus 49.1% (95% CI, 32.3-65.9%) of patients in the EVAR-only group (P = 0.29). Conclusion: The EVAR-only strategy has allowed rEVAR to be used in nearly all the RAAAs with similar mortality comparing with the EVAR-selected strategy. Due to the avoidance of operative modality selection, the EVAR-only strategy was associated with a more simplified algorithm, less influence on haemodynamics, and a shorter operation and recovery time.
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Dysfunction of endothelial cells (ECs) contributes to restenosis after vascular reconstruction for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The intercellular communication between ECs and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) might be critical in the development of restenosis and can be mediated by exosomes carrying functional microRNAs. miR-185 is reported to be associated with atherosclerosis, whether it plays a similar role in restenosis is unknown. In this study, we observed an elevated level of extracellular miR-185 in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated VSMCs. The medium from PDGF-stimulated VSMCs promoted miR-185 expression in rat aortic ECs and inhibited EC angiogenesis. PDGF-stimulated VSMCs transferred miR-185 into ECs via exosomes. Furthermore, we found that the CXCL12 gene, a target of miR-185, is essential for the angiogenic potential of ECs. Exosomes derived from miR-185 mimic transfected VSMCs attenuated re-endothelialization after vascular injury. Moreover, we show that exosome-mediated miR-185 transfer is modulated by hnRNPA2B1. We also observed that hnRNPA2B1 is up-regulated during neointima formation and hnRNPA2B1 inhibition accelerates re-endothelialization and attenuates neointima formation following carotid injury. Taken together, our results indicate that exosomal miR-185 transfer from VSMCs to ECs is controlled by hnRNPA2B1 and impairs re-endothelialization after vascular injury.
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INTRODUCTION: Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are commonly used in patients with venous thromboembolism to prevent fatal pulmonary embolism, but the thrombosis risk increases after filter placement. Warfarin is a widely anticoagulant, but long-term monitoring and dose adjustments are required. Anticoagulation with rivaroxaban is more straightforward as it dose not require laboratory monitoring. This study compares the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban and warfarin as an in anticoagulation therapy for patients with IVC filter placement. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. In total, 200 patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with IVC filter implantation from 10 hospitals will be recruited. The patients will be randomised to the experimental group (rivaroxaban) or the control group (nadroparin overlapped with warfarin). The primary outcomes include death of any cause, pulmonary embolism (PE)-related death, bleeding and recurrent PE/DVT. The secondary outcomes include the percentage of other vascular events, IVC filter retrieval failure and net clinical benefits. This study aims to provide reliable, verification for the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban antithrombotic therapy after IVC filter placement. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (approval number: (2019) 295). The results will be disseminated through presentations at scientific conferences and publications in peer-reviewed journals TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04066764.
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Embolia Pulmonar , Filtros de Veia Cava , Anticoagulantes/efeitos adversos , Contraindicações , Humanos , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Estudos Prospectivos , Embolia Pulmonar/prevenção & controle , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Rivaroxabana/efeitos adversos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The goal of the present study was to test the safety and efficacy of chemical stabilization of the arterial extracellular matrix as a novel nonoperative treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in a clinically relevant large animal model. METHODS: To achieve matrix stabilization, we used 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloylglucose (PGG), a noncytotoxic polyphenolic agent capable of binding to and stabilizing elastin and collagen against the action of degrading enzymes. We first optimized the therapeutic PGG formulation and time of exposure by in vitro testing on porcine aortas using phenol histologic staining with iron chloride, elastic recoil assays, and PGG quantification as a function of tissue thickness. We then induced AAAs in 16 swine using sequential balloon angioplasty and elastase/collagenase and calcium chloride treatment of the infrarenal segment. We monitored AAA induction and development using digital subtraction angiography. At 2 weeks after induction, after the AAAs had reached â¼66% arterial expansion, the swine were randomly assigned to 2 groups. In the treatment group, we delivered PGG to the aneurysmal aorta endoluminally using a weeping balloon and evaluated the AAA diameters using digital subtraction angiography for another 10 weeks. The control swine did not receive any treatment. For the safety evaluation, we collected blood and performed comprehensive metabolic panels and complete blood counts every 2 to 3 weeks for all the animals. The swine were routinely monitored for neurologic and physical attributes such as behavior, inactivity, alertness, appetite, discomfort, and weight gain. After euthanasia and full necropsy, we analyzed the AAA tissue samples for PGG content, elastic recoil, and histologic features. RESULTS: In vitro, a single 2.5-minute intraluminal delivery of 0.3% PGG to the swine aorta was sufficient for PGG to diffuse through the entire thickness of the porcine arterial tissues and to bind with high affinity to the elastic lamellae, as seen by positive iron chloride staining, a reduction of elastic recoil, and an increase in PGG content. In vivo, the control swine AAA tissues were thickened and showed the typical aspects of AAA, including chronic inflammation, adventitial reactivity, smooth muscle cell proliferation, elastic lamellae degradation, and medial and adventitial calcification. Similar aspects were noted in the PGG-treated arteries, except for the lack of calcification and an apparent diminished hyperplasia. PGG treatment was effective in reducing AAA expansion and reversing the process of AAA dilation by reducing the aortic diameters to ≤30% by week 12 (P < .05). PGG was specifically localized to the aneurysmal segments as seen by histologic examination, the reduction of elastic recoil, and an increase in PGG content. PGG treatment did not affect the swine's neurologic or physical attributes, weight, blood chemistry, blood cells, or functionality of remote organs. The control, untreated swine exhibited progressive increases in AAA diameters up to a mean value of 104%. CONCLUSIONS: Localized delivery of PGG to the aneurysmal aorta attenuated AAA growth and reversed the course of the disease in the swine AAA model. Such specificity for diseased tissue is unprecedented in nonoperative AAA treatment. This novel paradigm-shifting approach has the potential to revolutionize AAA management and save thousands of lives.