RESUMO
We studied the influence of recombinant IL-2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on the size of the myocardial necrosis zone of rats with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). A significant increase in the necrosis zone and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines was revealed in animals with SIRS in comparison with the control. The administration of IL-2 to animals with SIRS significantly reduced the size of the necrosis zone, which was paralleled by a pronounced increase in IL-2 and BDNF in comparison with the corresponding parameters in rats with SIRS that did not receive IL-2. Administration of BDNF to animals with SIRS was followed by normalization of TNFα and IL-1α levels, but did not lead to a decrease in the size of the necrosis zone.
Assuntos
Infarto do Miocárdio , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica , Animais , Ratos , Interleucina-2/farmacologia , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/farmacologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico , Infarto do Miocárdio/patologia , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/complicações , Proteínas Recombinantes/farmacologia , Peso Corporal , Comportamento Alimentar , Masculino , Ratos WistarRESUMO
We studied the role of both parts of the autonomic intracardiac nervous system in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). In 12 pigs weighing 39±3 kg, AF was induced by burst stimulation. Chemical inactivation of intrinsic cardiac neurons within the right atria was performed by transendocardial injections of liposomal neuromodulators into the dorsal part of the right atrial wall. Sympathetic and parasympathetic terminals were inactivated with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, n=6) and ethylcholine aziridinium ion (AF64A, n=6), respectively. Neuromodulators were encapsulated in liposomes (LS) with diameters of 310±50 nm for OHDA and 290±50 nm for AF64A. LS-6-OHDA and LS-AF64A were injected into the ganglionated plexuses after measuring the baseline effective refractory period and assessing myocardial resistance to AF. These measurements were repeated 90 min after the injections. The optimal doses were 0.2 mg/kg for LS-6-OHDA and 0.4 mg/kg for LS-AF64A (in 4 ml of suspension). Immediately after injections of liposomal neuromodulators, almost all pigs showed an increase in HR, and a short-term BP elevation was observed in the LS-AF64A group. At the end of the experiment, similar decrease in the effective refractory period and similar increase in the resistance to AF were observed in all animals. Thus, selective chemical inactivation of cholinergic and adrenergic terminals of the intracardiac nervous system with liposomal neuromodulators increased the resistance to AF in an acute experiment. However, the short observation period does not allow making a definite conclusion about the role of the autonomic nervous system in the pathogenesis of AF, which requires verification of the obtained data in a chronic experiment.
Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial , Animais , Suínos , Fibrilação Atrial/induzido quimicamente , Oxidopamina/farmacologia , Átrios do Coração , Neurotransmissores/farmacologiaRESUMO
Pulmonary haemorrhage is one of the most severe complications of pulmonary endarterectomy. To the most effective methods of combating this potentially fatal complication belongs extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). In this article we describe a clinical case report regarding intraoperative use of central veno-arterial ECMO for pulmonary haemorrhage following thromboendarterectomy from the pulmonary arteries. According to the data of some authors, long-term ECMO support (for more than 4 days) may lead to such severe consequences as rethrombosis of pulmonary arteries and impairment of cerebral circulation. In our case we managed to avoid such complications, taking into consideration that the duration of ECMO amounted to 21 days. Resulting from the carried out comprehensive therapeutic measures by the time of discharge from hospital, a significant decrease in pulmonary artery pressure was achieved, with events of residual pulmonary hypertension.
Assuntos
Endarterectomia/efeitos adversos , Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea , Hemorragia/cirurgia , Pneumopatias/cirurgia , Embolia Pulmonar/cirurgia , Hemorragia/etiologia , Humanos , Hipertensão Pulmonar/etiologia , Hipertensão Pulmonar/terapia , Pneumopatias/etiologiaRESUMO
Bacillus thuringiensis parasporal crystal proteins (Cry proteins) are insecticidal pore-forming toxins that bind to specific receptor molecules on the brush border membrane of susceptible insect midgut cells to exert their toxic action. In the Colorado potato beetle (CPB), a coleopteran pest, we previously proposed that interaction of Cry3Aa toxin with a CPB ADAM10 metalloprotease is an essential part of the mode of action of this toxin. Here, we annotated the gene sequence encoding an ADAM10 metalloprotease protein (CPB-ADAM10) in the CPB genome sequencing project, and using RNA interference gene silencing we demonstrated that CPB-ADAM10 is a Cry3Aa toxin functional receptor in CPB. Cry3Aa toxicity was significantly lower in CPB-ADAM10 silenced larvae and in vitro toxin pore-forming ability was greatly diminished in lipid planar bilayers fused with CPB brush border membrane vesicles (BBMVs) prepared from CPB-ADAM10 silenced larvae. In accordance with our previous data that indicated this toxin was a substrate of ADAM10 in CPB, Cry3Aa toxin membrane-associated proteolysis was altered when CPB BBMVs lacked ADAM10. The functional validation of CPB-ADAM10 as a Cry3Aa toxin receptor in CPB expands the already recognized role of ADAM10 as a pathogenicity determinant of pore-forming toxins in humans to an invertebrate species.
Assuntos
Proteína ADAM10/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Besouros/enzimologia , Endotoxinas/metabolismo , Proteínas Hemolisinas/metabolismo , Animais , Toxinas de Bacillus thuringiensis , Trato Gastrointestinal/enzimologia , Larva/enzimologia , ProteóliseRESUMO
AIM: To investigate the impact of various wound dressings on wound bed neoangiogenesis in patients with different forms of diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The clinical (local tissue oxygenation) and immunohistochemical (CD31) markers of foot soft tissue neoangiogenesis were evaluated in patients with DFS receiving negative pressure (NP) therapy and collagen-containing dressings (CCDs) versus standard treatment. 63 patients with neuropathic and neuroischemic (without critical ischemia) forms of DFS were examined after wound debridement. In the postoperative period, 21 patients received NP treatment, CCDs were applied to 21 patients, and 21 patients had standard treatment. RESULTS: During NP therapy, there was statistically significantly intensified local microhemodynamics, as evidenced by transcutaneous oximetry (p < 0.05); the remaining two groups showed no statistically significant differences in transcutaneous oxygen tension during the treatment. Immunohistochemical examination revealed a significant increase in the number of newly formed vessels, as shown by anti-CD31 antibody staining (p < 0.05), in patients who had NP therapy and CCDs (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Vacuum (NP) therapy versus standard therapy most effectively affects wound bed neoangiogenesis. This is reflected in the increased local tissue microhemodynamics, as confirmed by immunohistochemical examination.
Assuntos
Bandagens , Colágeno/uso terapêutico , Pé Diabético , Tratamento de Ferimentos com Pressão Negativa/métodos , Neovascularização Fisiológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Idoso , Desbridamento/efeitos adversos , Desbridamento/métodos , Pé Diabético/metabolismo , Pé Diabético/patologia , Pé Diabético/fisiopatologia , Pé Diabético/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Aim: To evaluate the influence of different methods of local treatment on tissue repair in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Materials and Methods: We evaluated such clinical characteristics as wound size and local perfusion after using negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), local collagen, and standard care in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. We observed 63 patients with neuropathic and neuroischemic forms of diabetic foot (without critical ischemia) after surgical debridement. After that 21 patients received NPWT, 21 local collagen treatment and 21 standard care. Results: After using NPWT wound area and depth decreased in 19,8% and 42,8% (p<0.05), in group of collagen dressings in 26,4 and 30,4% (p<0.05). In control group those parameters were 17,0 и 16.6% respectively (p<0.05). There was found the significant increase of local perfusion according to oxygen monitoring in group of NPWT (p<0.05). Conclusion: The received data showed that the intensity of lower limb tissue repair processes increases more significant after using NPWT and collagen dressings in comparison to standard care which is found according to wound size and tissue perfusion alterations.
Assuntos
Colágeno/uso terapêutico , Desbridamento/métodos , Pé Diabético , Tratamento de Ferimentos com Pressão Negativa/métodos , Idoso , Curativos Biológicos , Pé Diabético/diagnóstico , Pé Diabético/fisiopatologia , Pé Diabético/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Imagem de Perfusão/métodos , Fluxo Sanguíneo Regional , Resultado do Tratamento , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Cicatrização/fisiologiaRESUMO
It was shown that the laccase (LC) included into hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL) can be reused for the biotransformation of dihydroquercetin (DHQ). The physicochemical characteristics of DHQ oligomers synthesized using LC/IL did not differ from the characteristics of the oligomers obtained with native laccase. The synthesized oligomers have a number average molecular weight of 1050 g/mol and a polydispersity index of 1.41. Oligomers possess higher antioxidant activity than the monomer.
Assuntos
Enzimas Imobilizadas/química , Proteínas Fúngicas/química , Líquidos Iônicos/química , Lacase/química , Quercetina/análogos & derivados , Trametes/enzimologia , Quercetina/químicaRESUMO
The effective diuretic dose of 5-HT3 receptor blocker RU-63 (1 mg/kg) was found in experiments on white rats. It is established that the diuretic and saluretic effects of compound RU-63 increase on the background of impact of the gravitational factor. Compound RU-63 (1 mg/kg, subcutaneously) administered daily under hypergravity conditions (3 g in the direction of centrifugal force toward the kidneys) in animals with model ischemic acute renal failure increased excretory function of kidneys, glomerular filtration rate, and creatininuresis (on average by 180%; p < 0.05), and decreased serum creatinine, urinary excretion of protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and g-glutamyl transferase (on average by 49%; p < 0.05) as compared to the untreated control. Under similar conditions, the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide (in a dose of 20 mg/kg, intragastric) produced a more pronounced creatininuretic action than that of RU-63 (by 358%; p < 0.05).
Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Benzimidazóis/farmacologia , Diuréticos/farmacologia , Substâncias Protetoras/farmacologia , Proteinúria/tratamento farmacológico , Antagonistas do Receptor 5-HT3 de Serotonina/farmacologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/fisiopatologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/urina , Animais , Creatinina/urina , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Hidroclorotiazida/farmacologia , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/fisiopatologia , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/urina , Potássio/urina , Proteinúria/fisiopatologia , Proteinúria/urina , Ratos , Receptores 5-HT3 de Serotonina/metabolismo , Sódio/urina , gama-Glutamiltransferase/urinaRESUMO
AIM: To study the intensity of soft tissue repair in patients with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) during local negative pressure wound treatment versus standard wound care. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The investigators estimated the clinical (wound sizes, local tissue oxygenation), histological (light microscopy), and immunohistochemical (CD31, CD68, MMP-9, and TIMP-1) markers for reparative processes in patients with DFS during vacuum therapy versus standard wound care. Forty-two patients with the neuropathic and neuroischemic (without critical ischemia) forms of DFS were examined after debridement. In the perioperative period, 21 patients received negative pressure wound therapy and 21 had standard wound care. RESULTS: During vacuum therapy, the area and depth of wound defects decreased by 19.8±7.8 and 42.8±5.6%, respectively (p=0.002) (as compared to the baseline data). In the control group, these indicators were 17.0±19.4 and 16.6±21.6% (p=0.002). There was a significant intensification of local microhemodynamics according to transcutaneous oximetry readings in the negative pressure wound treatment group. After 9±2 days of treatment, histological examination of granulation tissue revealed a significant reduction in edema, cessation of inflammatory infiltration, and formation of mature granulation tissue in Group 1. Immunohistological examination indicated a more obvious increase in the count of macrophages (CD68 staining) and a significant increment in the number of newly formed vessels, as evidenced by anti-CD31 antibody staining. During the treatment, there was a decline of the expression of MMP-9 and an increase in that of TIMP-1, as compared to those in the control group. CONCLUSION: The findings are indicative of the enhanced intensity of reparative processes in patients with DFS during vacuum therapy versus standard wound care, resulting in more rapidly decreased wound sizes, increased local microhemodynamics, reduced inflammation, and accelerated wound transition from the inflammatory to the proliferative phase.
Assuntos
Pé Diabético , Soluções Isotônicas/uso terapêutico , Tratamento de Ferimentos com Pressão Negativa/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/terapia , Lesões dos Tecidos Moles/terapia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Vasculares/efeitos adversos , Cicatrização , Pé Diabético/diagnóstico , Pé Diabético/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico , Lactato de Ringer , Lesões dos Tecidos Moles/diagnóstico , Lesões dos Tecidos Moles/etiologia , Terapia de Tecidos Moles/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Vasculares/métodosRESUMO
The data of seasonal monitoring are presented concerning antigen types of rotaviruses group A circulating on the territory of the Russian Federation in the periods of seasonal uprising of morbidity in 2011-2015. Annually, the study included from 10 to 12 subjects of the Russian Federation with annual testing from 444 to 728 samples from children aged younger than 5 years with acute infection diarrhea. In the seasons of 2011-2012, 2012-2013, 2013-2014, 2014-2015 the most prevalent [P] G types of rotaviruses correspondingly made up to: G4[P]8 -50.2%-36.5%-43.8%-1.6%; G1[P]8 - 26.6%-14.3%-27.3%-22.5%; G3[P]8 - 4.4%-23.7%-4.2%-2.0%; G9[P]8 - 4.3%-5.3%-10.1%-7.1%; G2[P]4 - 7.7%-7.9%-9.0%-3.1%. The expressed territorial irregularity of prevalence of antigen types of retroviruses was observed.
RESUMO
Cherula and sticklewort tinctures exhibit rapid and short-lasting diuretic effect. Tinctures of tansy and immortelle are featured by rapid onset of the effect and prolonged action, while the tincture of common bearberry has a long latency period and prolonged action. Under normal conditions of gravity, flavonoid rutin stimulates diuresis only through tubular component; under hypergravity, simultaneously via glomerular and tubular components.
Assuntos
Diuréticos/química , Flavonoides/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Ratos , Rutina/químicaRESUMO
AIM: Study intestine microflora in children with obesity and evaluate its association with allergic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 66 children with various body weight aged 3 to 17 years were included into the study. Intestine microflora study in children was carried out according to the order of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation No. 231 of 09.06.2003 "Regarding approval of sectoral standard "Patient management protocol. Intestine dysbacteriosis" (SST 91500.11.0004-2003). RESULTS: In healthy children depending on body weight an increase of the number of Firmicutes type microorganisms and a decrease of the number of microbes, belonging to Bacteroidetes type, was detected. The presence of allergic pathology was accompanied by a decrease of the number of Bacteroidetes and the presence of Bacillus and Staphylococcus aureus regardless of the body weight. At the same time, in all the children an increase of the content of Clostridium with the increase of body mass was noted. CONCLUSION. The data obtained have revealed an association of changes in intestine microbiota with the development of obesity and allergopathology.
Assuntos
Hipersensibilidade/microbiologia , Intestinos/microbiologia , Microbiota , Obesidade/microbiologia , Adolescente , Bacillus/imunologia , Bacillus/isolamento & purificação , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Clostridium/imunologia , Clostridium/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/sangue , Hipersensibilidade/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade/patologia , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Imunoglobulina E/imunologia , Intestinos/patologia , Masculino , Obesidade/sangue , Obesidade/imunologia , Obesidade/patologia , Federação Russa , Staphylococcus aureus/imunologia , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
A composite material consisting of electrically conductive polyaniline deposited on the surface of multiwall carbon nanotubes has been synthesized. Enzymatic synthesis was carried out in the presence of Trametes hirsuta laccase immobilized on the nanotube surface. The obtained composite was morphologically uniform, and its electrochemical capacity and stability were much higher than those of a composite synthesized according to the conventional chemical procedure.
Assuntos
Compostos de Anilina/química , Enzimas Imobilizadas/química , Lacase/química , Condutividade Elétrica , Lacase/metabolismo , Nanotubos de Carbono/química , Polimerização , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
AIM: Species and quantitative characteristics of upper respiratory tract (URT) mucosa microflora in women at gestation period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of a bacteriological study of 68 samples of mucus from posterior pharyngeal wall in women at gestation period (from 14 weeks), 52 of those--from pregnant women with acute respiratory infection (ARI) symptoms and 16--from women without signs of disease, are presented. Qualitative and quantitative composition of microflora was studied by a generally accepted bacteriological method. RESULTS: During primary bacteriological study 111 microorganism cultures were isolated. 88 (79.3%) of strains belonged to Gram-positive flora, 20 (18.0%)--to Gram-negative, and Candida genus fungi constituted 3 (2.7%) isolates. Streptococcus pyogenes and Moraxella catarrhalis were isolated from pregnant women with ARI signs at 23.1% and 5.8% frequency of occurrence, respectively. A higher detectability of Staphylococcus aureus--in 31.3% and Candida spp.--in 6.3% of women who did not complain as opposed to patients with URT lesions (in 21.2 and 3.9%, respectively) was determined. In patients without ARI signs the amount of bacteria did not exceed 10(5)--10(6) CFU/ml, in pregnant women with ARI diagnosis in 8 of 52 cases semination of pharyngeal mucuswas observed--10(7)--10(8) CFU/ml. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of S. aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, S. pyogenes, Streptococcus mutans in composition of pharyngeal mucus microflora of pregnant women both with URT lesion signs and without them was shown, however the degree of semination by pathogens in the groups was different that determined the severity of disease manifestations.
Assuntos
Candida/isolamento & purificação , Moraxella catarrhalis/isolamento & purificação , Muco/microbiologia , Mucosa Respiratória/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Streptococcus agalactiae/isolamento & purificação , Streptococcus pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Doenças Assintomáticas , Candidíase/microbiologia , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Feminino , Humanos , Infecções por Moraxellaceae/microbiologia , Faringe/microbiologia , Gravidez , Infecções Respiratórias/microbiologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologiaRESUMO
The authors analyzed clinical (size, tissue oxygenation), histological (light microscopy) and immunohistochemical (CD68, MMP-9, TIMP-1) features of reparative processes of soft tissue of lower extremities in patients with diabetes mellitus against the background of vacuum therapy in comparison with standard local treatment. Patients (31 cases) with diabetic foot ulcers were followed-up after surgical d-bridement and before plastic closure of the wound. During perioperative period 13 patients obtained the negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT of 90-120 mmHg) and 18 patients had the standard care. Given results supported higher efficacy of NPWT as compared with standard local care. The therapy caused rapid reduction of wound and its depth, increased local microcirculation and reduced inflammation. These data were confirmed by the histological and immunohistochemical studies. The high efficacy of the method of local treatment could significantly reduce the time of wound preparation for the next step of surgical treatment.
Assuntos
Desbridamento/métodos , Pé Diabético , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/análise , Tratamento de Ferimentos com Pressão Negativa/métodos , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-1/análise , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores/análise , Pesquisa Comparativa da Efetividade , Pé Diabético/metabolismo , Pé Diabético/fisiopatologia , Pé Diabético/terapia , Feminino , Tecido de Granulação/metabolismo , Tecido de Granulação/patologia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Moscou , Assistência Perioperatória/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
Enzymatic methods of synthesis of conducting polymers, physicochemical properties of the resulting products, and mechanisms of the reactions are considered. The enzymes involved in oxidative polymerization of monomers are briefly characterized. Examples of practical application of enzymatically synthesized conducting polymers are given.
Assuntos
Enzimas/química , Polímeros/síntese química , Biocatálise , Biotecnologia , Estrutura Molecular , Oxirredução , Polímeros/químicaRESUMO
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of ibandronic acid (bonviva) in patients with osteoporosis (OP) concurrent with osteoarthrosis (OA) in the knee joints (KJ). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty female outpatients aged 56 to 77 years with postmonopausal OP and primary KJ OA were examined. All the patients took bonviva in a dose of 150 mg monthly during a year. RESULTS: During the treatment, the patients showed a significant reduction in the values of all components of the Western Ontario and McMasters Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) (pain intensity from 51.7 +/- 11.6 to 34.6 +/- 20.7 mm, stiffness from 96.0 +/- 55.6 to 78.5 +/- 46.6 mm, and functional failure from 783.6 +/- 333.2 to 657.8 +/- 360.9 mm according to a visual analogue scale), the Oswestry disability index, as well as in the concentration of markers for bone resorption and cartilage degradation. The need for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was stated to decrease. CONCLUSION: Bonviva therapy results in a significant reduction in pain, KJ stiffness, and locomotor functional failure in patients with gonoarthrosis.
Assuntos
Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/uso terapêutico , Osteoartrite do Joelho/tratamento farmacológico , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/efeitos adversos , Reabsorção Óssea/tratamento farmacológico , Cartilagem/patologia , Difosfonatos/efeitos adversos , Difosfonatos/uso terapêutico , Avaliação da Deficiência , Feminino , Humanos , Ácido Ibandrônico , Locomoção/efeitos dos fármacos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoartrite do Joelho/complicações , Osteoartrite do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/complicações , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/patologia , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Dor/etiologia , Medição da Dor , Projetos Piloto , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
Graves' disease (GD) is one of the urgent problems of modern endocrinology, characterized by a high frequency, polysystemic damage to the body, a steadily progressive course, diagnostic difficulties, a high degree of disability and often resistance to therapy. The manifestations of the disease include: thyrotoxicosis syndrome with impaired lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and activation of multiple organ pathology in the form of thyroid eye disease (TED), pretibial myxedema, cardiovascular insufficiency, acropathy, lesions of the nervous, osteoarticular system, and other lesions. The development of multiple organ pathology can have a different sequence, different time intervals and different degrees of severity. Any developments in the direction of clarifying the etiopathogenetic, clinical diagnostic and treatment-rehabilitation measures are of undoubted significance. We present a clinical case of GD, TED and pretibial myxedema, in which an integrated approach was tested in the tactics of treating pretibial myxedema (a combination of pulse therapy with prednisolone and FREMS-therapy), as a result of which positive results were obtained within a short time.
Assuntos
Doença de Graves , Oftalmopatia de Graves , Mixedema , Humanos , Doença de Graves/complicações , Doença de Graves/tratamento farmacológico , Oftalmopatia de Graves/complicações , Oftalmopatia de Graves/tratamento farmacológico , Mixedema/complicações , Mixedema/tratamento farmacológico , Pacientes , Prednisolona/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
AIM: Evaluate clinical features of the course of acute respiratory infection (ARI) and the state of microbiocenosis of nasopharynx of pregnant women at gestational term of 14 - 26 weeks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: At the stage of outpatient therapy of ARI 49 pregnant women at the gestational term of 14 - 26 weeks were examined: group 1--27 individuals consulting at day 1 and receiving Viferon (gel) intranasally for 10 days, group 2--22 individuals consulting at day 2 - 3 and receiving Viferon (gel and suppositorium). Respiratory viral infection was diagnosed by multiplex PCR. Bacteriologic study of discharge from the middle section of the pharynx was performed by the standard technique. RESULTS: ARI in group 1 of pregnant women were regarded as mild severity and persisted for an average of 3 days. In group 2 in 13 (59%) of patients ARI of moderate severity was noted and the recovery occurred at day 6. Pyo-inflammatory diseases of ENT organs appeared in 10 (45.4%) of patients. Respiratory infections were determined in 16 (32.7%) of them: coronaviruses--in 5 (10.2%), rhinoviruses--in 3 (6.2%), respiratory syncytial viruses--in 6 (12.3%), parainfluenza (type 2) and influenza A viruses--1 (2%) both, without significant differences between the observed groups. Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mitis, Moraxella catarrhalis, Corynebacterium spp., Streptococcus pyogenes with the predominance of the latter in 36.7% and 60% of cases, respectively, in pregnant women of the group 2 (p < 0.01), were detected in the microflora of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx. CONCLUSION: Viferon preparation therapy prescribed at day 1 of outpatient visit of pregnant women may promote mild course o fARI and prophylaxis of complications of upper respiratory tract.
Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/tratamento farmacológico , Fatores Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Interferon-alfa/uso terapêutico , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/prevenção & controle , Infecções Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológico , Viroses/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Aguda , Administração Intranasal , Adulto , Infecções Bacterianas/imunologia , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Infecções Bacterianas/virologia , Feminino , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/fisiologia , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/fisiologia , Humanos , Interferon alfa-2 , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex , Nasofaringe/microbiologia , Nasofaringe/virologia , Gravidez , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/imunologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/microbiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/virologia , Segundo Trimestre da Gravidez , Proteínas Recombinantes/uso terapêutico , Infecções Respiratórias/imunologia , Infecções Respiratórias/microbiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/virologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Viroses/imunologia , Viroses/microbiologia , Viroses/virologia , Vírus/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Membrane proteins are molecular machines that transport ions, solutes, or information across the cell membrane. Electrophysiological techniques have unraveled many functional aspects of ion channels but suffer from the lack of structural sensitivity. Here, we present spectroelectrochemical data on vibrational changes of membrane proteins derived from a single monolayer. For the seven-helical transmembrane protein sensory rhodopsin II, structural changes of the protein backbone and the retinal cofactor as well as single ion transfer events are resolved by surface-enhanced IR difference absorption spectroscopy (SEIDAS). Angular changes of bonds versus the membrane normal have been determined because SEIDAS monitors only those vibrations whose dipole moment are oriented perpendicular to the solid surface. The application of negative membrane potentials (DeltaV = -0.3 V) leads to the selective halt of the light-induced proton transfer at the stage of D75, the counter ion of the retinal Schiff base. It is inferred that the voltage raises the energy barrier of this particular proton-transfer reaction, rendering the energy deposited in the retinal by light excitation insufficient for charge transfer to occur. The other structural rearrangements that accompany light-induced activity of the membrane protein, are essentially unaffected by the transmembrane electric field. Our results demonstrate that SEIDAS is a generic approach to study processes that depend on the membrane potential, like those in voltage-gated ion channels and transporters, to elucidate the mechanism of ion transfer with unprecedented spatial sensitivity and temporal resolution.