[Pulmonary fungal infection after renal transplantation: analysis of 40 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics, therapeutic measures and risk factors of pulmonary fungal infection in patients after renal transplantation. METHODS: The clinical data of 176 patients receiving renal allograft transplantation with postoperative infections were retrospectively analyzed. Among the patients, 40 were diagnosed to have pulmonary fungal infection, and their clinical symptoms, signs, radiographic findings, pathogenic bacterial culture, histopathological examination, and treatments were analyzed. RESULTS: The 40 recipients with postoperative pulmonary fungal infection included 25 male and 15 female patients with a mean age of 49 years. Twenty-eight of the patients developed pulmonary fungal infection within 6 months after transplantation. Positive pathogen cultivation was reported in 19 cases, and Candida albicans was detected in 11 cases, Candida krusei in 2 cases, Candida glabrata in 3 cases, Candida tropicalis in 1 case, aspergillosis in 1 case, and Candida mycoderma in 1 case. Twenty-four of out of the 40 cases were found to have co-infection. All the patients received antifungal drugs and adjuvant treatments, and 38 patients were cured and 2 died. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary fungal infection often occurs within 6 months after renal transplantation. The most common fungal pathogen is Candida albicans, and the patients often had coinfections. Early diagnosis and timely intervention with antifungal drugs and comprehensive measures are critical in the management of pulmonary fungal infection following renal transplantation.

[Effect of standardized construction of laboratories of schistosomiasis control institutions in Hubei Province in 2013].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect and current situation of the standardized construction of laboratories of schis- tosomiasis control institutions in Hubei Province, so as to provide the evidence for establishing and improving the quality control system of diagnosis of schistosomiasis after the transmission of schistosomiasis was under control. METHODS: According to the procedures of self-examination, field operation, and laboratory on-site, five laboratories were assessed, and all the results were analyzed comparatively. RESULTS: The average number of staffs were (7.00±1.58) persons, and the staffs of the laboratories of the schistosomiasis control institutions with senior professional titles in the city level were more than that in the county level (t = 5.563, P < 0.05). The average space was (3.20±1.64) rooms, and the average area was (117.00±88.29) m2. The average score of field operation was (96.40±4.49) points. The average score of laboratory on-site assessment was (106.6±6.15) points. The highest and lowest of the laboratory on-site assessment scores were environment and facilities (19.60 ± 0.55) points and management system of laboratory quality control (15.70±2.39) points (F = 2.869, P < 0.05), respectively. CONCLUSION: The cultivation of laboratory staff should be strengthened, and the diagnostic capacity should be maintained and improved. The laboratory quality control system should be paid more attention to, and the construction and management of schistosomiasis laboratories should be standardized.