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BACKGROUND: Health security is a critical issue which involves multiple dimensions. It has received increasing attention in recent years, especially in China. In order to improve the national health level, China has made many efforts, such as the "Healthy China 2030" plan proposed several years ago. However, due to the complexity of its national conditions and the difficulty of index design, the results of these efforts are not significant. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a new measurement index system. METHODS: Based on the questionnaire of "Health China 2030", we have collected a total of 3,000 participants from all 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in China. We used statistical methods such as multiple correspondence analysis and rank-ordered effect analysis to process the data. The balance index is constructed by a series of actions such as weight division, order calculation and ranking. RESULTS: Through multiple correspondence analysis, we can find that there was a close relation in the correspondence space between the satisfaction degrees 1, 2, and 3, while a far distance from satisfaction degrees 4 and 5. There were four positive and four negative indices separately based on the average expected level and four clusters after ordinal rank cluster analysis. Generally speaking, there are no prominent discrepancies across gender and residential areas. CONCLUSIONS: We created and examined balanced indicators for health security in China based on the "Health China 2030" questionnaire. The findings of this study give insight into the overall situation of health security in China and indicate opportunities for improvement.
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Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Cidades , Inquéritos e Questionários , China/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopment disease characterized by impaired social and cognitive abilities. Despite its prevalence, reliable biomarkers for identifying individuals with ASD are lacking. Recent studies have suggested that alterations in the functional connectivity of the brain in ASD patients could serve as potential indicators. However, previous research focused on static functional-connectivity analysis, neglecting temporal dynamics and spatial interactions. To address this gap, our study integrated dynamic functional connectivity, local graph-theory indicators, and a feature-selection and ranking approach to identify biomarkers for ASD diagnosis. METHODS: The demographic information, as well as resting and sleeping electroencephalography (EEG) data, were collected from 20 ASD patients and 25 controls. EEG data were pre-processed and segmented into five sub-bands (Delta, Theta, Alpha-1, Alpha-2, and Beta). Functional-connection matrices were created by calculating coherence, and static-node-strength indicators were determined for each channel. A sliding-window approach, with varying widths and moving steps, was used to scan the EEG series; dynamic local graph-theory indicators were computed, including mean, standard deviation, median, inter-quartile range, kurtosis, and skewness of the node strength. This resulted in 95 features (5 sub-bands × 19 channels) for each indicator. A support-vector-machine recurrence-feature-elimination method was used to identify the most discriminative feature subset. RESULTS: The dynamic graph-theory indicators with a 3-s window width and 50% moving step achieved the highest classification performance, with an average accuracy of 95.2%. Notably, mean, median, and inter-quartile-range indicators in this condition reached 100% accuracy, with the least number of selected features. The distribution of selected features showed a preference for the frontal region and the Beta sub-band. CONCLUSIONS: A window width of 3 s and a 50% moving step emerged as optimal parameters for dynamic graph-theory analysis. Anomalies in dynamic local graph-theory indicators in the frontal lobe and Beta sub-band may serve as valuable biomarkers for diagnosing autism spectrum disorders.
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Transtorno do Espectro Autista , Eletroencefalografia , Humanos , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/diagnóstico , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/fisiopatologia , Eletroencefalografia/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Ondas Encefálicas/fisiologia , Processamento de Sinais Assistido por ComputadorRESUMO
Multivariate time series modeling has been essential in sensor-based data mining tasks. However, capturing complex dynamics caused by intra-variable (temporal) and inter-variable (spatial) relationships while simultaneously taking into account evolving data distributions is a non-trivial task, which faces accumulated computational overhead and multiple temporal patterns or distribution modes. Most existing methods focus on the former direction without adaptive task-specific learning ability. To this end, we developed a holistic spatial-temporal meta-learning probabilistic inference framework, entitled ST-MeLaPI, for the efficient and versatile learning of complex dynamics. Specifically, first, a multivariate relationship recognition module is utilized to learn task-specific inter-variable dependencies. Then, a multiview meta-learning and probabilistic inference strategy was designed to learn shared parameters while enabling the fast and flexible learning of task-specific parameters for different batches. At the core are spatial dependency-oriented and temporal pattern-oriented meta-learning approximate probabilistic inference modules, which can quickly adapt to changing environments via stochastic neurons at each timestamp. Finally, a gated aggregation scheme is leveraged to realize appropriate information selection for the generative style prediction. We benchmarked our approach against state-of-the-art methods with real-world data. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our approach over the baselines.
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Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) plays an essential role in bacterial growth and resistance to antibiotics, and LTA synthetase (LtaS) was considered as an attractive target for combating Gram-positive infections. Azalomycin F, a natural guanidyl-containing polyhydroxy macrolide, can target the LTA of Staphylococcus aureus. Using various technologies including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, transmission electron microscope, proteomics, and parallel reaction monitoring, here, the experimental results indicated that azalomycin F can accelerate the LTA release and disrupt the cell envelope, which would also lead to the feedback upregulation on the expressions of LtaS and other related enzymes. Simultaneously, the reconstituted enzyme activity evaluations showed that azalomycin F can significantly inhibit the extracellular catalytic domain of LtaS (eLtaS), while this was vague for LtaS embedded in the liposomes. Subsequently, the fluorescence analyses for five incubation systems containing azalomycin F and eLtaS or the LtaS-embedded liposome indicated that azalomcyin F can spontaneously bind to the active center of LtaS. Combining the mass spectroscopy analyses and the molecular dockings, the results further indicated that this interaction involves the binding sites of substrates and the LTA prolongation, especially the residues Lys299, Phe353, Trp354 and His416. All these suggested that azalomycin F has multiple antibacterial mechanisms against S. aureus. It can not only inhibit LTA biosynthesis through the interactions of its guanidyl side chain with the active center of LtaS but also disrupt the cell envelope through the synergistic effect of accelerating the LTA release, damaging the cell membrane, and electrostatically interacting with LTA. Simultaneously, these antibacterial mechanisms exhibit a synergistic inhibition effect on S. aureus cells, which would eventually cause the cellular autolysis.
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Lipopolissacarídeos , Staphylococcus aureus , Lipopolissacarídeos/metabolismo , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/metabolismo , Ácidos Teicoicos , Macrolídeos/farmacologiaRESUMO
The wrinkles are pervasive in ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) materials, but the regulation of wrinkles is rarely explored systematically. However, the regulation of wrinkles at nanometer scale is merely explored. Here, we employed a series of carboxylic acids (from formic acid to octanoic acid) to control the wrinkles of Zr-BTB (BTB = 1, 3, 5-(4-carboxylphenyl)-benzene) metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheet. The wrinkles at the micrometer scale were observed with transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) images showed lattice distortion in many nanoscale regions, which was precisely matched to the nano-wrinkles. With the changes of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, MOF-MOF and MOF-solvent interactions were synergistically regulated and wrinkles with different sizes were obtained, which was supported by HAADF, molecular dynamics and density functional theory calculation. Different wrinkle sizes resulted in different pore sizes between the Zr-BTB nanosheet interlayers, providing highly-oriented thin films and the successive optimization of kinetic diffusion pathways, proved by grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering and nitrogen adsorption. The most suitable wrinkle pore from Zr-BTB-C4 exhibited highly efficient chromatographic separation of the substituted benzene isomers. Our work provides a rational route for the modulation of nanoscale wrinkles and their stacked pores of MOF nanosheets and improves the separation abilities of MOFs.
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KEY MESSAGE: We identified a dosage-dependent dominant negative form of Sar1c, which confirms the essential role of COPII system in mediating ER export of storage proteins in rice endosperm. Higher plants accumlate large amounts of seed storage proteins (SSPs). However, mechanisms underlying SSP trafficking are largely unknown, especially the ER-Golgi anterograde process. Here, we showed that a rice glutelin precursor accumulation13 (gpa13) mutant exhibited floury endosperm and overaccumulated glutelin precursors, which phenocopied the reported RNAi-Sar1abc line. Molecular cloning revealed that the gpa13 allele encodes a mutated Sar1c (mSar1c) with a deletion of two conserved amino acids Pro134 and Try135. Knockdown or knockout of Sar1c alone caused no obvious phenotype, while overexpression of mSar1c resulted in seedling lethality similar to the gpa13 mutant. Transient expression experiment in tobacco combined with subcellular fractionation experiment in gpa13 demonstrated that the expression of mSar1c affects the subcellular distribution of all Sar1 isoforms and Sec23c. In addition, mSar1c failed to interact with COPII component Sec23. Conversely, mSar1c competed with Sar1a/b/d to interact with guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sec12. Together, we identified a dosage-dependent dominant negative form of Sar1c, which confirms the essential role of COPII system in mediating ER export of storage proteins in rice endosperm.
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Oryza , Proteínas de Armazenamento de Sementes , Proteínas de Armazenamento de Sementes/metabolismo , Oryza/genética , Transporte Proteico/genética , Glutens/genética , Retículo Endoplasmático/metabolismoRESUMO
A rhodium(III)-catalyzed oxidative C-H activation/annulation of salicylaldehydes with propargylic acetates has been developed for the regioselective synthesis of 3-vinyl chromones in good yields with broad functional group tolerance. 3-Vinyl chromones were converted into biologically active benzo[c]xanthone by I2-mediated oxidative electrocyclization.
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Cromonas , Estresse Oxidativo , Catálise , Estrutura MolecularRESUMO
Blimp1 is the master regulator of B cell terminal differentiation in mammals, it inhibits expression of many transcription factors including bcl6, which provides the basis for promoting further development of activated B lymphocytes into plasma cells. Blimp-1 is thought to act as a sequence-specific recruitment factor for chromatin-modifying enzymes including histone deacetylases (HDAC) and methyltransferases to repress target genes. The cDNA of Ccblimp1a (Cyprinus carpio) open reading frame is 2337 bp encoding a protein of 777 amino acids. CcBlimp1a contains a SET domain, two Proline Rich domains, and five ZnF_C2H2 domains. Blimp1 are conserved in vertebrate species. Ccblimp1a transcripts were detected in common carp larvae from 1 dpf (day post fertilization)to 31 dpf. Ccblimp1a expression was up-regulated in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and spleen leukocytes (SPL) of common carp stimulated by intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. Ccblimp1a expression in PBL and SPL of common carp was induced by TNP-LPS and TNP-KLH. The results indicated TNP-LPS induced a rapid response in PBL and TNP-KLH induced much stronger response in SPL and PBL. IHC results showed that CcBlimp1 positive cells were distributed in the head kidney, trunk kidney, liver, and gut. Immunofluorescence stain results showed that CcBlimp1 was expressed in IgM + lymphocytes. The subcellular localization of CcBlimp1 in the nuclei indicated CcBlimp1 may be involved in the differentiation of IgM + lymphocytes. Further study focusing on the function of CcBlimp1 transcriptional repression was performed using dual luciferase assay. The results showed that the transcription repression of CcBlimp1 on bcl6aa promoter was affected by the histone deacetylation inhibitor and was synergized with histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). The results of Co-IP in HEK293T and immunoprecipitation in SPL indicated that CcBlimp1 recruited HDAC3 and might be involved in the formation of complexes. These results suggest that CcBlimp1 is an important transcription factor in common carp lymphocytes. Histone deacetylation modification mediated by HDAC3 may have important roles in CcBlimp1 transcriptional repression during the differentiation of lymphocytes.
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Carpas , Humanos , Animais , Carpas/genética , Carpas/metabolismo , Histonas/metabolismo , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Células HEK293 , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Histona Desacetilases/metabolismo , Linfócitos B , Imunoglobulina M/metabolismo , Mamíferos/metabolismoRESUMO
Node localization in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) space for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) remains a hot research topic. To improve the localization accuracy and applicability, we first propose a quantum annealing bat algorithm (QABA) for node localization in WSNs. QABA incorporates quantum evolution and annealing strategy into the framework of the bat algorithm to improve local and global search capabilities, achieve search balance with the aid of tournament and natural selection, and finally converge to the best optimized value. Additionally, we use trilateral localization and geometric feature principles to design 2D (QABA-2D) and 3D (QABA-3D) node localization algorithms optimized with QABA, respectively. Simulation results show that, compared with other heuristic algorithms, the convergence speed and solution accuracy of QABA are greatly improved, with the highest average error of QABA-2D reduced by 90.35% and the lowest by 17.22%, and the highest average error of QABA-3D reduced by 75.26% and the lowest by 7.79%.
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Redes de Comunicação de Computadores , Tecnologia sem Fio , Simulação por Computador , AlgoritmosRESUMO
The very high ionic conductivity of Li10GeP2S12 (LGPS) solid electrolyte (SE) makes it a promising candidate SE for solid-state batteries in electrical vehicles. However, chemomechanical failure, whose mechanism remains unclear, has plagued its widespread applications. Here, we report in situ imaging lithiation-induced failure of LGPS SE. We revealed a strong size effect in the chemomechanical failure of LGPS particles: namely, when the particle size is greater than 3 µm, fracture/pulverization occurred; when the particle size is between 1 and 3 µm, microcracks emerged; when the particle size is less than 1 µm, no chemomechanical failure was observed. This strong size effect is interpreted by the interplay between elastic energy storage and dissipation. Our finding has important implications for the design of high-performance LGPS SE, for example, by reducing the particle size to less than 1 µm the chemomechanical failure of LGPS SE can be mitigated.
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Plant flavonoids have attracted increasing attention as new antimicrobial agents or adjuvants. In our previous work, it was confirmed that the cell membrane is the major site of plant flavonoids acting on the Gram-positive bacteria, which likely involves the inhibition of the respiratory chain. Inspired by the similar structural and antioxidant characters of plant flavonoids to hydro-menaquinone (MKH2), we deduced that the quinone pool is probably a key target of plant flavonoids inhibiting Gram-positive bacteria. To verify this, twelve plant flavonoids with six structural subtypes were preliminarily selected, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against Gram-positive bacteria were predicted from the antimicrobial quantitative relationship of plant flavonoids to Gram-positive bacteria. The results showed they have different antimicrobial activities. After their MICs against Staphylococcus aureus were determined using the broth microdilution method, nine compounds with MICs ranging from 2 to 4096 µg/mL or more than 1024 µg/mL were eventually selected, and then their MICs against S. aureus were determined interfered with different concentrations of menaquinone-4 (MK-4) and the MKs extracted from S. aureus. The results showed that the greater the antibacterial activities of plant flavonoids were, the more greatly their antibacterial activities decreased along with the increase in the interfering concentrations of MK-4 (from 2 to 256 µg/mL) and the MK extract (from 4 to 512 µg/mL), while those with the MICs equal to or more than 512 µg/mL decreased a little or remained unchanged. In particular, under the interference of MK-4 (256 µg/mL) and the MK extract (512 µg/mL), the MICs of α-mangostin, a compound with the greatest inhibitory activity to S. aureus out of these twelve plant flavonoids, increased by 16 times and 8 to 16 times, respectively. Based on the above, it was proposed that the quinone pool is a key target of plant flavonoids inhibiting Gram-positive bacteria, and which likely involves multiple mechanisms including some enzyme and non-enzyme inhibitions.
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Anti-Infecciosos , Flavonoides , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Staphylococcus aureus , Bactérias Gram-Positivas , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Quinonas/farmacologia , Bactérias Gram-NegativasRESUMO
The amine submetabolome, including amino acids (AAs) and biogenic amines (BAs), is a class of small molecular compounds exhibiting important physiological activities. Here, a new pyrylium salt named 6,7-dimethoxy-3-methyl isochromenylium tetrafluoroborate ([d0]-DMMIC) with stable isotope-labeled reagents ([d3]-/[d6]-DMMIC) was designed and synthesized for amino compounds. [d0]-/[d3]-/[d6]-DMMIC-derivatized had a charged tag and formed a set of molecular ions with an increase of 3.02 m/z and the characteristic fragment ions of m/z 204.1:207.1:210.1. When DMMIC coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), a systematic methodology evaluation for quantitation proved to have good linearity (R2 between 0.9904 and 0.9998), precision (interday: 2.2-21.9%; intraday: 1.0-19.7%), and accuracy (recovery: 71.8-108.8%) through the test AAs. Finally, the methods based on DMMIC and LC-MS demonstrated the advantaged application by the nontargeted screening of BAs in a common medicinal herb Senecio scandens and an analysis of metabolic differences among the amine submetabolomes between the carcinoma and paracarcinoma tissues of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A total of 20 BA candidates were discovered in S. scandens as well as the finding of 13 amine metabolites might be the highest-potential differential metabolites in ESCC. The results showed the ability of DMMIC coupled with LC-MS to analyze the amine submetabolome in herbs and clinical tissues.
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Neoplasias Esofágicas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago , Humanos , Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos , Aminoácidos/química , Aminas Biogênicas , Cloreto de Sódio , Isótopos de Carbono/químicaRESUMO
Protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) are unique organelles that accumulate storage proteins in plant seeds. Although morphological evidence points to the existence of multiple PSV-trafficking pathways for storage protein targeting, the molecular mechanisms that regulate these processes remain mostly unknown. Here, we report the functional characterization of the rice (Oryza sativa) glutelin precursor accumulation7 (gpa7) mutant, which over-accumulates 57-kDa glutelin precursors in dry seeds. Cytological and immunocytochemistry studies revealed that the gpa7 mutant exhibits abnormal accumulation of storage prevacuolar compartment-like structures, accompanied by the partial mistargeting of glutelins to the extracellular space. The gpa7 mutant was altered in the CCZ1 locus, which encodes the rice homolog of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) CALCIUM CAFFEINE ZINC SENSITIVITY1a (CCZ1a) and CCZ1b. Biochemical evidence showed that rice CCZ1 interacts with MONENSIN SENSITIVITY1 (MON1) and that these proteins function together as the Rat brain 5 (Rab5) effector and the Rab7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). Notably, loss of CCZ1 function promoted the endosomal localization of vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 9 (VPS9), which is the GEF for Rab5 in plants. Together, our results indicate that the MON1-CCZ1 complex is involved in post-Golgi trafficking of rice storage protein through a Rab5- and Rab7-dependent pathway.
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Glutens/genética , Glutens/metabolismo , Oryza/genética , Oryza/metabolismo , Sementes/metabolismo , Proteínas de Transporte Vesicular/metabolismo , Proteínas rab de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismo , China , Produtos Agrícolas/genética , Produtos Agrícolas/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Genes de Plantas , Variação Genética , Genótipo , Mutação , Sementes/genética , Proteínas de Transporte Vesicular/genética , Proteínas rab de Ligação ao GTP/genéticaRESUMO
Dense vesicles (DVs) are Golgi-derived plant-specific carriers that mediate post-Golgi transport of seed storage proteins in angiosperms. How this process is regulated remains elusive. Here, we report a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant, named glutelin precursor accumulation8 (gpa8) that abnormally accumulates 57-kDa proglutelins in the mature endosperm. Cytological analyses of the gpa8 mutant revealed that proglutelin-containing DVs were mistargeted to the apoplast forming electron-dense aggregates and paramural bodies in developing endosperm cells. Differing from previously reported gpa mutants with post-Golgi trafficking defects, the gpa8 mutant showed bent Golgi bodies, defective trans-Golgi network (TGN), and enlarged DVs, suggesting a specific role of GPA8 in DV biogenesis. We demonstrated that GPA8 encodes a subunit E isoform 1 of vacuolar H+-ATPase (OsVHA-E1) that mainly localizes to TGN and the tonoplast. Further analysis revealed that the luminal pH of the TGN and vacuole is dramatically increased in the gpa8 mutant. Moreover, the colocalization of GPA1 and GPA3 with TGN marker protein in gpa8 protoplasts was obviously decreased. Our data indicated that OsVHA-E1 is involved in endomembrane luminal pH homeostasis, as well as maintenance of Golgi morphology and TGN required for DV biogenesis and subsequent protein trafficking in rice endosperm cells.
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Glutens/metabolismo , Oryza/genética , Oryza/metabolismo , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismo , Transporte Proteico/fisiologia , Sementes/metabolismo , Vacúolos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Transporte Vesicular/metabolismo , China , Produtos Agrícolas/genética , Produtos Agrícolas/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Genes de Plantas , Variação Genética , Genótipo , Glutens/genética , Mutação , Isoformas de Proteínas/genética , Sementes/genética , Proteínas de Transporte Vesicular/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There is a lack of large multicenter Parkinson's disease (PD) cohort studies and limited data on the natural history of PD in China. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to launch the Chinese Parkinson's Disease Registry (CPDR) and to report its protocol, cross-sectional baseline data, and prospects for a comprehensive observational, longitudinal, multicenter study. METHODS: The CPDR recruited PD patients from 19 clinical sites across China between January 2018 and December 2020. Clinical data were collected prospectively using at least 17 core assessment scales. Patients were followed up for clinical outcomes through face-to-face interviews biennially. RESULTS: We launched the CPDR in China based on the Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Multicenter Database and Collaborative Network (PD-MDCNC). A total of 3148 PD patients were enrolled comprising 1623 men (51.6%) and 1525 women (48.4%). The proportions of early-onset PD (EOPD, age at onset ≤50 years) and late-onset PD (LOPD) were 897 (28.5%) and 2251 (71.5%), respectively. Stratification by age at onset showed that EOPD manifested milder motor and nonmotor phenotypes and was related to increased probability of dyskinesia. Comparison across genders suggested a slightly older average age at PD onset, milder motor symptoms, and a higher rate of developing levodopa-induced dyskinesias in women. CONCLUSIONS: The CPDR is one of the largest multicenter, observational, longitudinal, and natural history studies of PD in China. It offers an opportunity to expand the understanding of clinical features, genetic, imaging, and biological markers of PD progression. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Discinesias , Doença de Parkinson , Idade de Início , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Levodopa , Masculino , Doença de Parkinson/diagnóstico , Doença de Parkinson/epidemiologia , Sistema de RegistrosRESUMO
Hyoscyamine (HSM), which acts as an antagonist of the acetylcholine muscarinic receptor and can induce a variety of distinct toxic syndromes in mammals (anti-cholinergic poisoning), is hazardous to human health. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective method to determine HSM. A fluorescent microsphere based immunochromatographic assay was developed for this analyte and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used as a comparison. A monoclonal antibody against HSM was prepared with a 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of 1.17 ng mL-1, with no cross-reactivity with five drugs. Under optimized conditions, the cut off limits using the fluorescence-labeled monoclonal antibody strips were 10 ng mL-1 in 0.01 M PBS and 20 ng mL-1 in pork, pig urine, and honey samples, and the assay could be completed within 10 min. In comparison with a AuNP immunochromatographic assay, the developed method offered a higher coupling rate and lower amounts of antibodies. This approach could be used for simple, sensitive and rapid screening, and is suitable for on-site screening applications.
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Hiosciamina , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Animais , Cromatografia de Afinidade , Ouro , Limite de Detecção , SuínosRESUMO
This work investigates the performance and inter-sectoral interaction mechanism of China's largest vertically integrated care network, the national medical alliance (NMA). The data collected derive from the China Health Statistics Bulletin and the China Health Statistical Yearbook for the period 2009-2018. The data include 64 observation indicators for five medical sectors in the NMA, namely, tertiary hospitals (THS), secondary hospitals (SHS), community health centres (CHCS), township hospitals (TsHS) and professional public health institutions (PPHIS). This research combines complex systems theory with a multilevel structural dynamic factor model, and yields two main results. First, although the trend for the NMA's global factor is increasing, the evolutionary paths for sectoral factors differ substantially. Among the sectoral factors, the sectoral factor of THS continued to decline, and neither the sectoral factor of CHCS nor the sectoral factor of TsHS has significantly improved. Then, the interaction mechanism between the various NMA sectors is investigated. While a close relationship has been formed between THS and CHCS and between SHS and CHCS, there remains no close two-way relationship between either THS and TsHS or THS and SHS. Thus, going forward, to reach the policy expectations, China's NMA implementation must consider the interaction between different constituent sectors.
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Saúde Pública , Teoria de Sistemas , China , Centros Comunitários de SaúdeRESUMO
PURPOSE: Discovery of noninvasive urinary biomarkers for the early diagnosis of esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS: We conducted proteomic analyses of 499 human urine samples obtained from healthy individuals (n = 321) and ESCC (n = 83), bladder cancer (n = 17), breast cancer (n = 12), colorectal cancer (n = 16), lung cancer (n = 33) and thyroid cancer (n = 17) patients from multiple medical centers. Those samples were divided into a discovery set (n = 247) and an independent validation set (n = 157). RESULTS: Among urinary proteins identified in the comprehensive quantitative proteomics analysis, we selected a panel of three urinary biomarkers (ANXA1, S100A8, TMEM256), and established a logistic regression model in the discovery set that can correctly classify the majority of ESCC cases in the validation sets with the area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.825. This urinary biomarker panel not only discriminates ESCC patients from healthy individuals but also differentiates ESCC from other common tumors. Notably, the panel distinguishes stage I ESCC patients from healthy individuals with AUC values of 0.886. On the analysis of stage-specific biomarkers, another combination panel of protein (ANXA1, S100A8, SOD3, TMEM256) demonstrated a good AUC value of 0.792 for stage I ESCC. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary biomarker panel represents a promising auxiliary diagnostic tool for ESCC, including early-stage ESCC.
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Neoplasias Esofágicas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago , Área Sob a Curva , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/diagnóstico , Humanos , ProteômicaRESUMO
Thioredoxins (TRXs) occur in plant chloroplasts as complex disulphide oxidoreductases. Although many biological processes are regulated by thioredoxins, the regulatory mechanism of chloroplast TRXs are largely unknown. Here we report a rice white panicle2 mutant caused by a mutation in the thioredoxin z gene, an orthologue of AtTRX z in Arabidopsis. white panicle2 (wp2) seedlings exhibited a high-temperature-sensitive albinic phenotype. We found that plastid multiple organellar RNA editing factors (MORFs) were the regulatory targets of thioredoxin z. We showed that OsTRX z protein physically interacts with OsMORFs in a redox-dependent manner and that the redox state of a conserved cysteine in the MORF box is essential for MORF-MORF interactions. wp2 and OsTRX z knockout lines show reduced editing efficiencies in many plastidial-encoded genes especially under high-temperature conditions. An Arabidopsis trx z mutant also exhibited significantly reduced chloroplast RNA editing. Our combined results suggest that thioredoxin z regulates chloroplast RNA editing in plants by controlling the redox state of MORFs.
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Oryza , Proteínas de Plantas , Plastídeos , Edição de RNA , Tiorredoxinas , Cloroplastos/genética , Oryza/genética , Oryza/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Plastídeos/genética , Tiorredoxinas/genética , Tiorredoxinas/metabolismoRESUMO
As the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) increases, their side effects have also attracted attention. Ibuprofen is one of the most widely-used NSAIDs. In this study, we screened the highly-sensitive and specific antibody 6E10, with an IC50 of 1.92 ng mL-1, and a linear range of 0.53-6.97 ng mL-1. In this study, we developed a rapid lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (ICA) strip method to detect ibuprofen in water or herbal tea. The cut-off limit of the strip is 10 ng mL-1 in water, and concentrations as low as 1 ng mL-1 can be detected in herbal tea samples, with the results obtained by the naked eye within 6 min. All the data were confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS). This lateral-flow ICA strip is thus a rapid tool for on-site detection and screening of ibuprofen in water and herbal tea.