Chinese Adolescents and Youth With Methamphetamine Dependence: Prevalence and Concurrent Psychological Problems.

BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine is a commonly used illicit drug that threatens many adolescents and youth in Asian Pacific countries, contributing to the heavy burden of disease and drug-related death. Little is known about the prevalence of associated psychological problems in methamphetamine-dependent adolescents and youth. PURPOSE: The study sought to estimate the prevalence of psychological problems in adolescents and youth in China with methamphetamine dependence and to identify factors related to co-occurring psychological problems. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used. Methamphetamine-dependent adolescents and youth from two drug rehabilitation centers in Tianjin, China, took part. Each participant was assessed with a sociodemographic questionnaire and Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). RESULTS: A total of 161 adolescents and youth took part. Psychological symptomatology was high, with 59.6% of participants having over 160 points on the SCL-90 total score, indicating significant psychological distress. On the basis of subscale scores, phobic anxiety, depression, and anxiety were common. Male participants, younger adolescents, and those who are addicted to methamphetamine for a longer time with more consumption were more likely to experience psychological problems. DISCUSSION: Nurses should be aware of the type and severity of psychological problems among methamphetamine-dependent adolescents and youth. Nursing care should be designed to relieve psychological problems and improve mental health of the methamphetamine-dependent adolescents and youth.

Effect of cognitive behavioural interventions on the quality of life in Chinese heroin-dependent individuals in detoxification: a randomised controlled trial.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine whether cognitive behavioural interventions would improve the quality of life in Chinese heroin addicts. BACKGROUND: Drug dependence is one of the most serious health problems in the world, representing a real menace to mental and somatic health. However, effects of cognitive behavioural interventions on quality of life in Chinese heroin addicts are unclear. DESIGN: This randomised controlled study was conducted at a Drug-withdrawal Rehabilitation Center in China. METHODS: Following ethics approval and heroin addicts' consent, 240 heroin addicts were randomly assigned to two groups. The experimental group (n = 120) received a six-month cognitive behavioural intervention comprising education intervention and behavioural intervention developed by the investigators. The control group (n = 120) received the hospital's routine care. The effects of the interventions on patients' quality of life were evaluated at baseline and six months and were compared. A Chinese version of Quality of Life in Drug Addiction Questionnaire was used in this study. Usefulness of the intervention and usual community services was evaluated at six months. RESULTS: The quality of life of participants with heroin addiction with physical and psychological disorders is poor. The experimental group showed a significant improvement in quality of life after nurse-managed cognitive behavioural intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The quality of life and the health status of Chinese heroin addicts were improved after they received a nurse-managed cognitive behavioural intervention. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Appropriate nurse-managed cognitive behavioural intervention for heroin addicts can improve their quality of life and promote their health. It is important for clinical nurses to understand cognitive behavioural therapy, appraisal and coping to apply knowledge in practice when dealing with a client who has heroin addiction.

Yoga effects on mood and quality of life in Chinese women undergoing heroin detoxification: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Yoga, as a mind-body therapy, is effective in improving quality of life for patients with chronic diseases, yet little is known about its effectiveness in female heroin addicts. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of yoga on mood status and quality of life among women undergoing detoxification for heroin dependence in China. METHOD: This study was a randomized controlled trial. Seventy-five women aged 20-37 years undergoing detoxification for heroin dependence at AnKang Hospital were allocated randomly into an intervention or a control group. Women in the intervention group received a 6-month yoga intervention in addition to hospital routine care, and women in the control group received hospital routine care only. Mood status and quality of life were assessed using the Profile of Mood States and Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey at baseline and following 3 and 6 months of treatment. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to evaluate treatment and time effects on mood and quality of life. RESULTS: Most female heroin addicts were young and single, with a low education level. Most had used heroin by injection. Mood state and quality of life of female heroin addicts were poor. The intervention group showed a significant improvement in mood status and quality of life over time compared with their counterparts in the control group. CONCLUSION: Yoga may improve mood status and quality of life for women undergoing detoxification for heroin dependence. Yoga can be used as an auxiliary treatment with traditional hospital routine care for these women.

Application of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice model combined with motivational interviewing for health education in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

To explore the application effect of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) model combined with motivational interviewing for health education in the chronic disease management of female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, 84 women with SLE who were admitted to a tertiary hospital in Tianjin from July 2021 to April 2022 were enrolled in this study and divided into observation (n = 42) and control groups (n = 42). The control group received routine health education and treatment for chronic diseases. Based on the control group, the KAP method and questionnaire survey were adopted. Health literacy and compliance in the 2 groups were compared in the first and third months after the intervention. The observation group had a higher total score of health literacy in the third month than the control group. From before the intervention to the first and third months, improvement in the observation group was compared with that in the control group (F = 36.543, P 6..001; F = 4.884, P = .03; F = 23.881, P 3..001). The observation group had a higher total compliance score in the third month than the control group (t = 5.101, P = .007). From before the intervention to the first and third months of the intervention, the improvement in the observation group demonstrated an interaction with the time group compared with that in the control group (F = 68.116, P 8..001; F = 4.884, P = .032; F = 24.789, P < .001). Motivational interviewing based on the KAP model is effective in the short-term overall health literacy of female patients with SLE, especially in terms of communication, health improvement, and information acquisition; after 3 months, it can influence and maintain high patient compliance.

Health-Related Quality of Life and Thyroid Cancer-Specific Symptoms in Patients Treated for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Survey from Mainland China.

Background: The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer in Mainland China has increased rapidly in recent years, yet the number of studies focusing on health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) is still limited. Additionally, some of the quality-of-life (QOL) issues specific to thyroid cancer have not been adequately described. The aims of this study were to assess the generic and disease-specific HR-QOL of differentiated thyroid cancer survivors and to identify the associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey including 373 patients was conducted in Mainland China. Participants completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), the Thyroid Cancer-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (THYCA-QOL), and a questionnaire on patient demographics and clinical characteristics. Results: The QLQ-C30 global mean score was 73.12 (standard deviation [SD] = 11.95), while the THYCA-QOL summary mean score was 34.50 (SD = 12.68). The two QLQ-C30 functional subscales with the lowest scores were the social functioning and role functioning subscales. The five symptom subscales of the THYCA-QOL with the highest scores were the subscales regarding less interest in sex, problems with scar, psychological problems, voice problems, and sympathetic problems. Factors associated with worse global QOL on the QLQ-C30 included a shorter time since completing primary treatment (≤6 months), a history of lateral neck dissection, and a lower current thyrotropin (TSH) level (≤0.5 mIU/L). Higher cumulative activities of radioiodine (RAI; >100 mCi), gender (women), postoperative hypoparathyroidism, and a history of lateral neck dissection were associated with worse thyroid cancer-specific QOL. In contrast, higher monthly household income (>5000ï¿¥) and a history of minimally invasive thyroid surgery were associated with better thyroid cancer-specific QOL. Conclusions: Thyroid cancer patients experience multiple health-related problems and disease-specific symptoms after completing primary treatment. Patients with a duration ≤6 months from the completion of primary treatment, those with a history of lateral neck dissection, and a current TSH level ≤0.5 mIU/L may be more likely to have impaired generic QOL. More thyroid cancer-specific symptoms may be associated with higher cumulative activities of RAI, gender (women), postoperative hypoparathyroidism, a history of lateral neck dissection, lower monthly household income, and conventional surgery.

Current status and influencing factors of participating satisfaction during surgical treatment decision-making among breast cancer patients with immediate breast reconstruction.

OBJECTIVE: Breast reconstruction (BR) is a positive contribution to aesthetic effect among breast cancer patients. Identification of influenced factors for participating satisfaction may provide insights on the decision-making theory to promote patient's autonomy in surgical choice. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of participating satisfaction with surgical treatment decision-making and its predictors among breast cancer patients with immediate BR. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted including 163 breast cancer patients with immediate BR in Mainland China. Data was collected using patients' participation satisfaction in medical decision-making scale (PSMDS), Big five Short-Form (BFI) Scale, Patient Participation Competence Scale(PPCS) and Patients' Preference (MPP) scale. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate regression analyses were used. RESULTS: Scores of PSMD were 86.38 ± 15.74. Multiple regression analyses indicated autonomous decision-making, marital statue, information acquisition competence, agreeableness, and decision-making preferences as indicators, explaining 29.6% of the response variation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The level of PSMD in breast cancer patients with immediate BR need to be improved. Patients with greater autonomous decision-making, married, higher information acquisition competence, agreeableness, and collaborative role are more likely to have an preferable PSMD. A comprehensive assessment and effective decision-making support are needed initially for BC patients to promote positive participation when making surgical decision.

Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive Function in Women With Methamphetamine Dependence in a Detoxification Program in Tianjin, China: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is prevalent among individuals, especially women, with methamphetamine dependence. Although aerobic exercise has been shown to affect cognitive function in humans and animals, few related studies have focused on subjects with methamphetamine dependence. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the detoxification-related effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in women with methamphetamine dependence. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was used with 98 women with methamphetamine dependence undergoing a detoxification program at a mental hospital. The women were distributed using a computer-generated grouping random method into either the study or control group. The investigator conducting the baseline questionnaire, the neuropsychologist assessing the cognitive function, and the data analyst were blinded to group assignment. In addition to hospital routine care, the study group received an aerobic exercise intervention for 3 months. The control group only received hospital routine care. Attention and working memory were measured using the Trail Making Test and Digit Span Test, verbal memory was measured using Logical Memory (LM) and Memory for Persons Data (MPD), and executive function was measured using the Color-Word Stroop Test. RESULTS: Forty-nine participants were randomized into each group, and the valid data of 43 participants in the study group and 46 in the control group were analyzed. The study group showed significantly more improvement over time in terms of Digit Span Test, Trail Making Test, LM-delayed, MPD-5 minutes delayed, MPD-30 minutes delayed, and Color-Word Stroop Test than the control group (p < .05). LM-immediate and MPD-immediate scores showed that the effects of time and the interaction between time and group were significant but that the main effect of group was not. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Women undergoing detoxification for methamphetamine dependence may practice aerobic exercise to improve attention, working memory, executive function, and parts of verbal memory. Aerobic exercise may be incorporated into detoxification treatment programs to facilitate the recovery of cognitive functions in women.