[COVID-19 emergency operations center: experience of the Rio de Janeiro municipality, BrazilCentro de operaciones de emergencia en respuesta a la COVID-19: la experiencia del municipio de Rio de Janeiro]. / Centro de operações de emergência na COVID-19: a experiência do município do Rio de Janeiro.

The present report describes the implementation of an emergency operations center to coordinate the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Following the public health emergency management framework proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), this temporary center (COE COVID-19 RIO) started operating in January 2021. The report is organized along five themes: legal framework; structure, planning, and procedures; institutional articulation; health information for decision-making; and risk communication. Major advances obtained with the initiative include improvements in governance for the management of COVID-19, increase in the synergy among sectors and institutions, improved information sharing in relation to COVID-19 prevention and control measures, innovation in epidemiologic analyses, and gains in transparency and decision-making opportunities. In conclusion, even if conceived at an advanced stage of the pandemic in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, the COE COVID-19 RIO has played a relevant role in shaping the city's responses to the pandemic. Also, despite its temporary character, the experience will leave a lasting legacy for the management of future public health emergencies in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

En el presente artículo se describe la experiencia al establecerse un centro de operaciones de emergencia (COE) para coordinar la respuesta a la pandemia de COVID-19 en el municipio de Rio de Janeiro (Brasil). Siguiendo el modelo de gestión de emergencias de salud pública promovido por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), este centro temporal se activó en enero del 2021. El informe se estructuró con base en cinco ejes temáticos: marco legal; estructura, planes y procedimientos; articulaciones institucionales; información en materia de salud para sustentar las decisiones; y comunicación sobre riesgos. Entre los principales avances relacionados con esta iniciativa cabe destacar los adelantos en cuanto a la gobernanza para organizar la forma de enfrentar la COVID-19, el aumento de la sinergia entre los sectores y las instituciones correspondientes, un mayor intercambio de información sobre las medidas de prevención y control de la enfermedad, innovación en los análisis epidemiológicos, mayor transparencia en la toma de decisiones y decisiones tomadas de manera más oportuna. Se llegó a la conclusión de que este COE, a pesar de que había sido establecido en una fase avanzada de la pandemia en la ciudad, tuvo un papel importante en la estructuración de la respuesta. Sin embargo, a pesar de su carácter temporal, la experiencia demostró ser un importante legado para enfrentar futuras emergencias de salud pública en el municipio de Rio de Janeiro.

Cause-Specific Excess Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2020-2021) in 12 Countries of the C-MOR Consortium.

BACKGROUND: This study investigated cause-specific mortality rates in 12 countries during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021. METHODS: We collected weekly cause-specific mortality data from respiratory disease, pneumonia, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer from national vital statistic databases. We calculated excess mortality for respiratory disease (excluding COVID-19 codes), pneumonia, and CVD in 2020 and 2021 by comparing observed weekly against expected mortality based on historical data (2015-2019), accounting for seasonal trends. We used multilevel regression models to investigate the association between country-level pandemic-related variables and cause-specific mortality. RESULTS: Significant reductions in cumulative mortality from respiratory disease and pneumonia were observed in 2020 and/or 2021, except for Georgia, Northern Ireland, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine, which exhibited excess mortality for one or both causes. Australia, Austria, Cyprus, Georgia, and Northern Ireland experienced excess cumulative CVD mortality in 2020 and/or 2021. Australia, Austria, Brazil, Cyprus, Georgia, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Slovenia, experienced increased crude cumulative cancer mortality during 2020 and/or 2021 compared to previous years. Among pandemic-related variables, reported COVID-19 incidence was negatively associated with increased cancer mortality, excess respiratory, (2020) and pneumonia (2021) mortality, and positively associated with respiratory and CVD mortality (2021). Stringency of control measures were negatively associated with excess respiratory disease, CVD, and increased cancer mortality (2021). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence of substantial excess mortality from CVD, and notable reductions in respiratory disease and pneumonia in both years across most countries investigated. Our study also highlights the beneficial impact of stringent control measures in mitigating excess mortality from most causes in 2021.

Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant women in Rio De Janeiro City, Brazil.

COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy is safe and effective in reducing the risk of complications. However, the uptake is still below targets worldwide. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination uptake among pregnant women since data on this topic is scarce in low-to-middle-income countries. A retrospective cohort study included linked data on COVID-19 vaccination and pregnant women who delivered a singleton live birth from August 1, 2021, to July 31, 2022, in Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil. Multiple logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with vaccination during pregnancy, applying a hierarchical model and describing odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals. Of 65,304 pregnant women included in the study, 53.0% (95% CI, 52-53%) received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy. Higher uptake was observed among women aged older than 34 (aOR 1.21, 95%CI 1.15-1.28), black (aOR 1.10, 1.04-1.16), or parda/brown skin colour (aOR 1.05, 1.01-1.09), with less than eight years of education (aOR 1.09, 1.02-1.17), living without a partner (aOR 2.24, 2.16-2.34), more than six antenatal care appointments (aOR 1.92, 1.75-2.09), and having a previous child loss (OR 1.06, 1.02-1.11). These results highlight the need for targeted educational campaigns, trustful communication, and accessibility strategies for specific populations to improve vaccination uptake during pregnancy.