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1.
Gac Med Mex ; 155(4): 423-427, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31486787

RESUMO

Sleep disturbances are common in the third trimester of pregnancy and generate changes in the secretion of melatonin in pregnant women who sleep less than eight hours or have sleep disturbances, which promote various physiological changes in the mother that in turn result in low birth weight (LBW) in the fetus. LBW is associated with a phenomenon known as "metabolic programming," in which the fetus is subjected to a stressful situation that results in irreversible metabolic alterations that predispose it to the development of obesity in adulthood.


En el tercer trimestre del embarazo son frecuentes las alteraciones del sueño, las cuales generan cambios en la secreción de melatonina en mujeres gestantes que duermen menos de ocho horas o presentan alteraciones de sueño, promoviendo diversos cambios fisiológicos en la madre, que a su vez derivan en bajo peso al nacimiento (BPN) en el producto. El bajo peso al nacimiento está asociado con un fenómeno conocido como "programación metabólica", en la que el feto es sometido a estrés que tiene como resultado alteraciones metabólicas irreversibles que lo predisponen al desarrollo de obesidad en la edad adulta.


Assuntos
Obesidade/epidemiologia , Complicações na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/epidemiologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Recém-Nascido , Obesidade/etiologia , Gravidez , Terceiro Trimestre da Gravidez
2.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 158(7): 308-314, 2022 04 08.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34238580

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Diabetic microvascular disease (MVD) has been associated with increased bone fragility. The objective was to analyse the relationship between MVD and trabecular microstructure -assessed by the trabecular bone score (TBS)- in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients. A second aim was to know the relationship between vitamin D and MVD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study, which included men >50 years and postmenopausal women participating in a population-based cohort, diagnosed with T2D. The presence of nephropathy, neuropathy and/or retinopathy was classified as MVD+. Clinical and laboratory variables, TBS, 25(OH)D and BMD by DXA, were evaluated. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed. RESULTS: We evaluated 361 patients (51.1% women), 63.8 (9) years old. Of them, 92 were MVD+ and presented poorer metabolic control, longer duration of T2D, lower TBS [1.235 (.1) vs. 1.287 (.1); p=.007] and lower levels of 25(OH)D [18.3 (7) vs. 21.6 (8) ng/ml; p=.0001). There were no differences between MVD+ and MVD- with regard to BMD or P1NP and ß-CTX markers. After adjusting for confounders, including HbA1c and duration of T2D, the TBS value in MVD+ was 1.252 (95% CI 1.230-1.274) vs. 1.281 (95% CI 1.267-1.295) in MVD- (p=.034). MVD was associated with a 25(OH)D level <20 ng ml with an adjusted OR of 1.88 (95% CI 1.06-3.31; p=.028). CONCLUSIONS: The MVD+ patients presented a significantly lower TBS, after adjusting for confounders. Furthermore, multivariable analysis showed a significant relationship between a low 25(OH)D level and a prevalent MVD.


Assuntos
Osso Esponjoso , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Absorciometria de Fóton , Densidade Óssea , Calcifediol , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares , Masculino , Vitamina D/análogos & derivados
3.
Genet Genom Clinic ; 2(2): 29-30, 31 de agosto de 2024.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1568243

RESUMO

En esta edición presentamos dos artículos originales que abordan variantes genéticas de relevancia asociadas a enfermedades del metabolismo de los carbohidratos y trastornos neuromusculares en una región específica de Colombia. Estos hallazgos subrayan la urgente necesidad de capacitar a los profesionales de la salud para el diagnóstico temprano de estas patologías y de involucrar al Estado en la promoción y generación de conocimiento sobre las enfermedades desatendidas. También incluimos un informe sobre un caso hemato-oncológico extraordinariamente raro, que documenta la acumulación masiva de variantes en el número de copias. Este informe ilustra de manera sorprendente la importancia clínica de los estudios de variantes de copia en hemato-oncología, destacando el primer caso registrado de Geroderma osteodisplástica en Panamá. Por último, presentamos una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva que explora los genes asociados al cáncer de próstata, abarcando las investigaciones publicadas entre 2019 y 2023. Esta revisión destaca la influencia crítica de los genes BRCA1, BRCA2, AR y PTEN en la patogénesis del cáncer de próstata, especialmente en su forma metastásica resistente a la castración (mCRPC). La identificación de BRCA1 y BRCA2 como marcadores de agresividad, junto con la relevancia de PTEN en la progresión de la enfermedad, refuerza la necesidad de desarrollar terapias más específicas y explorar biomarcadores adicionales, dado el complejo panorama que presentan las células cancerosas. Estos artículos reflejan el compromiso inquebrantable de nuestros investigadores por generar conocimiento desde nuestra región latinoamericana, contribuyendo significativamente a la ciencia global. Esperamos que esta edición sea de gran ayuda y estímulo para su labor científica. Queremos aprovechar esta oportunidad para agradecer a los editores, revisores y lectores por sus valiosos aportes para la realización de esta publicación. El papel del editor es esencial en la construcción y mantenimiento de la calidad científica de nuestra revista. Su visión y dedicación garantizan que cada artículo publicado no sólo cumpla con los más altos estándares académicos, sino que también refleje relevancia e impacto en la comunidad científica. Sin su liderazgo y orientación, este riguroso proceso no sería posible. Este tipo de colaboración sólo puede perdurar con una visión clara y honesta del impacto a largo plazo de la educación. Los revisores, con su conocimiento experto y su análisis meticuloso, representan la columna vertebral del proceso de revisión por pares. Su compromiso de examinar minuciosamente cada manuscrito y aportar críticas constructivas es esencial para garantizar la exactitud, fiabilidad y novedad de la investigación que compartimos con nuestro público. A menudo trabajando entre bastidores, los revisores contribuyen significativamente a la ciencia, mejorando la calidad de los trabajos y guiando a los autores hacia la excelencia. Por último, nuestros lectores desempeñan un papel esencial en el ciclo de la comunicación científica. Su interés, curiosidad y aplicación práctica de los conocimientos adquiridos dan vida a la investigación publicada. Cada artículo se convierte en un puente entre la investigación y la práctica cuando es leído, discutido y aplicado por ustedes, nuestros lectores. Sus comentarios y su participación activa nos motivan a seguir mejorando y a seguir siendo una fuente fiable de información científica. Juntos, editores, revisores y lectores, formamos un triángulo esencial que apoya y fortalece la misión de nuestra revista: hacer avanzar el conocimiento científico y contribuir a la mejora de la salud y el bienestar de la sociedad. A todos ustedes, nuestra más profunda gratitud. Atentamente, Jorge D. Méndez-Ríos Editor JefeGenética y Genómica Clínica (provisto por Infomedic International)


In this edition, we present two original articles that address genetic variants of relevance associated with carbohydrate metabolism diseases and neuromuscular disorders in a specific region of Colombia. These findings underline the urgent need to train healthcare professionals for the early diagnosis of these pathologies and to involve the state in promoting and generating knowledge about neglected diseases. We also include a report on an extraordinarily rare hemato-oncological case, documenting the massive accumulation of copy number variants. This report strikingly illustrates the clinical importance of copy variant studies in hemato-oncology, highlighting the first recorded case of Geroderma osteodysplastica in Panama. Finally, we present a comprehensive literature review that explores the genes associated with prostate cancer, covering research published between 2019 and 2023. This review highlights the critical influence of the genes BRCA1, BRCA2, AR, and PTEN in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer, especially in its castration-resistant metastatic form (mCRPC). The identification of BRCA1 and BRCA2 as markers of aggressiveness, along with the relevance of PTEN in disease progression, reinforces the need to develop more specific therapies and explore additional biomarkers, given the complex landscape presented by cancer cells. These articles reflect the unwavering commitment of our researchers to generating knowledge from our Latin American region, significantly contributing to global science. We hope that this edition will be of great help and encouragement to your scientific work. We want to take this opportunity to thank the editors, reviewers, and readers for their valuable contributions to the realization of this publication. The role of the editor is essential in the construction and maintenance of the scientific quality of our journal. Their vision and dedication ensure that each published article not only meets the highest academic standards but also reflects relevance and impact in the scientific community. Without their leadership and guidance, this rigorous process would not be possible. This type of partnership can only endure with a clear and honest vision of the long-term impact of education.Reviewers, with their expert knowledge and meticulous analysis, represent the backbone of the peer review process. Their commitment to thoroughly examining each manuscript and providing constructive criticism is essential to ensuring the accuracy, reliability, and novelty of the research we share with our audience. Often working behind the scenes, reviewers significantly contribute to science, enhancing the quality of works and guiding authors towards excellence. Finally, our readers play an essential role in the cycle of scientific communication. Their interest, curiosity, and practical application of the knowledge acquired bring the published research to life. Each article becomes a bridge between research and practice when it is read, discussed, and applied by you, our readers. Your feedback and active participation motivate us to continue improving and to remain a reliable source of scientific information. Together, editors, reviewers, and readers form an essential triangle that supports and strengthens the mission of our journal: to advance scientific knowledge and contribute to the improvement of health and well-being in society. To all of you, our deepest gratitude. Sincerely, Jorge D. Méndez-Ríos Editor-in-Chief Genetics and Clinical Genomics   (provided by Infomedic International)

4.
Nutr Hosp ; 36(1): 142-148, 2019 Mar 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30836756

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Objective: this study aimed to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 [OH] D) and cardiometabolic risk factors in Brazilian adolescents. Methods: a cross-sectional study with 220 school adolescents aged 15 to 19 years was performed in the city of João Pessoa-PB, Brazil. The variables studied were: 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25 OH), dietary intake of vitamin D, anthropometric data (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist / height ratio (RCA) and biochemistry, total cholesterol (TC), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High Density Lipoproteins (HDL), triglyceride (TG), C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha acid glycoprotein (AGPA), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (CAT), blood pressure, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and serum calcium. Enough and insufficient /deficient adolescents were compared by qui-square test and analysis of multiple lineal regression was accomplished to identify the factors cardiometabólicos associated to the seric concentration of 25 (OH) D (p < 0,05). Results: a total of 57.3% had vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency, which was more prevalent in females (79.35%). The chi-square test revealed an evident relationship between the three indicators involved in overweight assessed in this study BMI (p = 0.01), WC (p = 0.04) and AGR (p = 0.02). There was an association between the independent variable (vitamin D) and calcium and triglyceride levels. Conclusion: a high proportion of adolescents presenting insufficiency/vitamin D deficiency was ssociated with cardiometabolic risk factors.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Objetivo: este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la asociación entre la 25-hidroxivitamina D sérica (25 [OH] D) y los factores de riesgo cardiometabólico en adolescentes brasileños. Metodologia: se realizó un estudio transversal con 220 adolescentes escolares de 15 a 19 años en la ciudad de João Pessoa-PB, Brasil. Las variables estudiadas fueron: 25 hidroxivitamina D (25 OH), ingesta dietética de vitamina D, datos antropométricos (índice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia de la cintura (WC) y relación cintura / altura (RCA) y bioquímica, colesterol total (TC) , Lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL), lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL), triglicéridos (TG), proteína C reactiva (PCR), glicoproteína alfaácida (AGPA), malondialdehído (MDA) y capacidad antioxidante total (CAT), presión arterial, Hormona paratiroidea (PTH) y calcio sérico. Se compararon adolescentes suficientes e insuficientes/deficientes mediante la prueba de qui cuadrado y se realizó un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple para identificar los factores cardiometabólicos asociados a la concentración sérica de 25 (OH) D (p < 0,05). Resultados: un 57,3% tenía insuficiencia/deficiencia de vitamina D, que era más prevalente en las mujeres (79,35%). La prueba de ji cuadrado reveló una relación evidente entre los tres indicadores involucrados en el sobrepeso evaluados en este estudio IMC (p = 0,01), WC (p = 0,04) y AGR (p = 0,02). Hubo una asociación entre la variable independiente (vitamina D) y los niveles de calcio y triglicéridos. Conclusión: una alta proporción de adolescentes con insuficiencia de deficiencia de vitamina D de 25 (OH) D se asociaron con factores de riesgo cardiometabólico. Conclusión: una alta proporción de adolescentes con insuficiencia/deficiencia de vitamina D se asoció con factores de riesgo cardiometabólico.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Cardiopatias/epidemiologia , Deficiência de Vitamina D/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Pressão Sanguínea , Índice de Massa Corporal , Brasil/epidemiologia , Cálcio/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/complicações , Estudos Transversais , Dieta , Feminino , Cardiopatias/complicações , Humanos , Lipídeos/sangue , Masculino , Hormônio Paratireóideo/sangue , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Deficiência de Vitamina D/complicações , Circunferência da Cintura , Adulto Jovem
5.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 91(2): 128.e1-128.e14, 2019 Aug.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31235277

RESUMO

Newborn screening programs are key players in a country's public health strategies, preventing the burden of care associated with the screened disorders. Its importance has dramatically intensified in recent years due to the increasing number of disorders that fulfil criteria for screening. Since the 1960's, many countries implemented newborn screening programs that are now, at least in developed countries, universal, well established, and with excellent results. Nevertheless, much work is still to be done, mainly in developing countries of Africa, Asia, and South America. In some European countries, including Spain, uniformity of screening panels between different regions is still a challenge, being a source of health inequalities between citizens. The authors will present the current status of newborn screening programs in Spain and integrate it into the current European and world scenario.


Assuntos
Doenças do Recém-Nascido/diagnóstico , Doenças Metabólicas/diagnóstico , Triagem Neonatal/métodos , Países em Desenvolvimento , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Saúde Pública , Espanha
6.
Nutr Hosp ; 36(4): 826-833, 2019 Aug 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31192686

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Background: metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been diagnosed in adolescents. However, it remains uncertain which determinants of lifestyle are independently associated with its occurrence. Objective: to verify the association between lifestyle determinants (physical activity, sedentary behavior and food consumption) and MetS, by controlling demographic indicators and anthropometric nutritional status in a sample of adolescents from the southern region of Brazil. Subjects and methods: a school-based cross-sectional study involving 1,035 adolescents (565 girls and 470 boys) aged 12 to 20 years. Anthropometric measurements were performed and a questionnaire was applied with structured questions. MetS was identified according to criteria proposed by the International Diabetes Federation. The data were treated using bivariate analysis and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: the overall prevalence of MetS was equivalent to 4.5% (95% CI: 3.8 to 5.4). Multivariate analysis showed a significant association between MetS and age (OR = 1.34 [95% CI, 1.09 to 1.80]) and economic class (OR = 1.35 [95% CI: 1.08 to 1.86]). Among the determinants of lifestyle, high recreational screen time (OR = 1.32 [95% CI: 1.07 to 1.94]) and low fruit/vegetable intake (OR = 1.23 [95% CI: 1.01 to 1.87]) were independently associated with MetS. Likewise, obesity (OR = 1.62 [95% CI: 1.28 to 2.47]) was significantly associated with the outcome. Conclusion: in view of the significant association with MetS, intervention strategies should be designed to reduce recreational screen time and encourage fruit/vegetable consumption, especially among older adolescents, with a high economic class and obesity status.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: el síndrome metabólico (SMet) se ha diagnosticado en adolescentes, sin embargo, sigue siendo incierto qué determinantes del estilo de vida se pueden asociar de forma independiente con su ocurrencia. Objetivo: verificar la asociación entre determinantes del estilo de vida (actividad física, comportamiento sedentario y consumo de alimentos) y SMet mediante el control de indicadores demográficos y el estado nutricional antropométrico en una muestra de adolescentes de la región sur de Brasil. Sujetos y métodos: estudio transversal con 1.035 adolescentes (565 chicas y 470 chicos) de 12 a 20 años. Se midieron valores antropométricos y se aplicó un cuestionario con preguntas estructuradas. El SMet se identificó de acuerdo con los criterios propuestos por la International Diabetes Federation. Los datos fueron tratados mediante análisis bivariado y regresión múltiple jerarquizada. Resultados: la prevalencia general de SMet fue del 4,5% [IC 95%: 3,8-5,4]. El análisis multivariado mostró una asociación significativa entre SMet y edad (OR = 1,34 [IC 95%: 1,09-1,80]) y clase económica (OR = 1,35 [IC 95%: 1,08-1,86]). Entre los determinantes del estilo de vida, el alto tiempo de pantalla en actividad recreativa (OR = 1,32 [IC 95%: 1,07-1,94]) y la baja ingesta de frutas/vegetales (OR = 1,23 [IC 95%: 1,01-1,87]) se asociaron de forma independiente con el SMet. Del mismo modo, la obesidad (OR = 1,62 [IC 95%: 1,28-2,47]) se asoció significativamente con el SMet. Conclusión: en vista de la asociación significativa con el SMet, las estrategias de intervención deben diseñarse para reducir el tiempo de pantalla recreativo y fomentar el consumo de frutas y verduras, especialmente entre los adolescentes mayores, de clase económica más alta y obesos.


Assuntos
Estilo de Vida , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Adolescente , Distribuição por Idade , Fatores Etários , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Exercício Físico , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/etiologia , Estado Nutricional , Prevalência , Análise de Regressão , Comportamento Sedentário , Distribuição por Sexo , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Adulto Jovem
7.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 88(2): 69-74, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28411097

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Pediatric acute liver failure (ALF) due to inherited metabolic diseases (IMD) is a rare life-threatening condition with a poor prognosis. Early intervention may be lifesaving. OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical presentation, investigation and outcomes of ALF related to IMD in young children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective review of the medical records of children aged up to 24 months, admitted to a tertiary pediatric and neonatal Intensive Care Unit during a 27-year period, fulfilling the ALF criteria, with documented metabolic etiology. RESULTS: From 34 ALF cases, 18 were related to IMD: galactosemia (4), mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS) (3), ornithine transcarbamilase deficiency (3), congenital defects of glycosylation (2), tyrosinemia type 1 (2), long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (1), hereditary fructose intolerance (1), classic methylmalonic aciduria (1) and citrulinemia type 1 (1). The median age was 1.3 months. At least one previous suggestive sign/symptom of IMD (vomiting, failure to thrive, hypotonia or developmental delay) was observed in 67% of the cases. The most common physical signs at admission included: hepatomegaly (72%), jaundice (67%) and encephalopathy (44%). The peak laboratorial findings were: mean international normalizad ratio 4.5, median lactate 5mmol/L, mean bilirubin 201µmol/L, median alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 137 UI/L and median ammonia 177µmol/L. One patient was submitted to liver transplant in ALF context (MSD). The mortality rate was 44%. DISCUSSION: The identification of IMD as a frequent cause of ALF allowed specific therapeutic measures and adequate family counselling. Particular clinical features and moderated ALT and bilirubin levels can lead to its suspicion.


Assuntos
Erros Inatos do Metabolismo dos Aminoácidos/complicações , Falência Hepática Aguda/etiologia , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo dos Aminoácidos/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Falência Hepática Aguda/diagnóstico , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos
8.
Rev Clin Esp (Barc) ; 218(1): 17-21, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28732796

RESUMO

Mucopolysaccharidosis are multisystem diseases that require large multidisciplinary teams for their care. Specific recommendations are therefore needed for the transition from childhood to adulthood in this patient group. To overcome the barriers that might arise during the transition, the authors consider it essential to implement a flexible plan with a coordinator for the entire process, systematising the information through a standardised paediatric discharge report and educating the patient and their family about the disease, showing the characteristics of the healthcare system in this new stage. The final objective is that, once the transition to adulthood has been completed, the patient's autonomy and potential development are maximised and that the patient receives appropriate healthcare during this transition.

9.
Rev. cuba. med ; 62(4)dic. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1550900

RESUMO

Introducción: El ciclismo es una actividad física que se practica de forma recreativa y como actividad laboral, en base a esto los beneficios en la salud varían. Sus efectos pueden extenderse en la regulación de la expresión de citocinas proinflamatorias en la obesidad; sin embargo, se deben estudiar detalles en los indicadores clínicos asociados a otras enfermedades crónico-degenerativas. Objetivo: Identificar los cambios en los parámetros clínicos que sirven como indicadores de riesgo metabólico en personas que realizan ciclismo como ejercicio habitual y como actividad laboral. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación de diseño transversal, descriptivo en el Estado de México, México. Se formaron 3 grupos de 16 participantes provenientes de Toluca y municipios aledaños. Se realizaron mediciones de composición corporal y análisis bioquímicos para identificar las diferencias entre los grupos a través de la prueba t- student y el análisis de varianza ANOVA. Resultados: Los análisis estadísticos reportaron diferencias significativas en las concentraciones de lipoproteínas de alta densindad y triglicéridos. Para el grupo de los conductores de bicitaxi fue más favorable, se detalla como el tiempo de la actividad ayuda a mantener los parámetros de composición corporal como el porcentaje del tejido muscular y adiposo. Conclusiones: Los beneficios del ciclismo se presentaron con diferentes grados de eficiencia de acuerdo con la modalidad en la que se practican. Las variables no cambian de forma significativa en ningún grupo, pueden ser dependientes de otras variables como la alimentación(AU)


Introduction: Cycling is a physical activity, which is practiced recreationally and as a work activity. Its effects may extend to the regulation of the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in obesity; however, details should be studied in the clinical indicators associated with other chronic-degenerative diseases. Objective: To identify changes in clinical parameters that serve as indicators of metabolic risk in people who perform cycling as a regular exercise and as a work activity. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive design research was carried out in the State of Mexico, Mexico. Three groups of 16 participants were formed from Toluca and surrounding municipalities. Body composition measurements and biochemical analyzes were performed to identify differences between groups through Student's t test and ANOVA analysis of variance. Results: Statistical analyzes reported significant differences in HDL and triglyceride concentrations. For the group of pedicab drivers it was more favorable, it is detailed how the time of the activity helps to maintain body composition parameters such as the percentage of muscle and adipose tissue. Conclusions: The benefits of cycling were presented with different degrees of efficiency according to the modality in which they are practiced. The variables do not change significantly in any group and may be dependent on other variables such as diet(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Exercício Físico , Estado Nutricional , Saúde Ocupacional , Doenças Metabólicas/epidemiologia , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais
10.
Rev. Méd. Inst. Mex. Seguro Soc ; 60(2): 211-223, abr. 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1367402

RESUMO

El retículo endoplásmico es un organelo abundante, dinámico y sensor de energía. Sus abundantes membranas, rugosa y lisa, se encuentran distribuidas en diferentes proporciones dependiendo del linaje y requerimiento celular. Su función es llevar a cabo la síntesis de proteínas y lípidos, y es el almacén principal de Ca2+ intracelular. La sobrecarga calórica y la glucolipotoxicidad generada por dietas hipercalóricas provoca la alteración del retículo endoplásmico, activando la respuesta a proteínas mal plegadas (UPR, Unfolded Protein Response, por sus siglas en inglés) como reacción al estrés celular relacionado con el retículo endoplásmico y cuyo objetivo es restablecer la homeostasis del organelo al disminuir el estrés oxidante, la síntesis de proteínas y la fuga de Ca2+. Sin embargo, durante un estrés crónico, la UPR induce formación de especies reactivas de oxígeno, inflamación y apoptosis, exacerbando el estado del retículo endoplásmico y propagando un efecto nocivo para los demás organelos. Es por ello que el estrés del retículo endoplásmico se ha considerado un inductor del inicio y desarrollo de enfermedades metabólicas, incluido el agravamiento de COVID-19. Hasta el momento, existen pocas estrategias para reestablecer la homeostasis del retículo endoplásmico, las cuales son dirigidas a los sensores que desencadenan la UPR. Por tanto, se justifica con urgencia la identificación de nuevos mecanismos y terapias novedosas relacionadas con mitigar el impacto del estrés del retículo endoplásmico y las complicaciones asociadas.


The endoplasmic reticulum is an abundant, dynamic and energy-sensing organelle. Its abundant membranes, rough and smooth, are distributed in different proportions depending on the cell lineage and requirement. Its function is to carry out protein and lipid synthesis, and it is the main intracellular Ca2+ store. Caloric overload and glycolipotoxicity generated by hypercaloric diets cause alteration of the endoplasmic reticulum, activating the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) as a reaction to cellular stress related to the endoplasmic reticulum and whose objective is to restore the homeostasis of the organelle by decreasing oxidative stress, protein synthesis and Ca2+ leakage. However, during chronic stress, the UPR induces reactive oxygen species formation, inflammation and apoptosis, exacerbating the state of the endoplasmic reticulum and propagating a deleterious effect on the other organelles. This is why endoplasmic reticulum stress has been considered an inducer of the onset and development of metabolic diseases, including the aggravation of COVID-19. So far, few strategies exist to reestablish endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis, which are targeted to sensors that trigger UPR. Therefore, the identif ication of new mechanisms and novel therapies related to mitigating the impact of endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated complications is urgently warranted.


Assuntos
Humanos , Carboidratos da Dieta/efeitos adversos , Gorduras na Dieta/efeitos adversos , Retículo Endoplasmático/metabolismo , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático/fisiologia , COVID-19/complicações , Doenças Metabólicas/etiologia , COVID-19/terapia , Homeostase
11.
Colomb. med ; 53(2): e2044874, Jan.-June 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1404388

RESUMO

Abstract Background: Fat Mass and Obesity-related (FTO) has been one of the genes consistently related to common obesity. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FTO have been linked with the IRX3 gene. Aim: This study was designed by testing the hypothesis that: i) common SNPs in FTO and IRX3 are associated with obesity and related disorders; ii) there is significant linkage disequilibrium between both genes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on the Colombian Caribbean Coast. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were measured, and obesity and metabolic disorders were diagnosed. Four SNPs were genotyped: 3 at FTO locus (rs17817449, rs8050136, rs9939609) and one at IRX3 locus (rs3751723). LD between these SNPs was estimated. A logistic regression model was applied to estimate associations. Results: A total of 792 subjects were included. FTO and IRX3 were not in LD (D'≤ 0.03; R2≤ 0.03). TT genotype (rs9939609) was found to be associated with waist circumference (p= 0.04; adj-p= 0.01), and IRX3 SNP with Body Weight Excess (BWE) (OR= 1.06, adj-p= 0.03). One FTO-IRX3 haplotype was associated with BWE (G-A-A-T, rs17817449-rs8050136-rs9939609-rs3751723; OR= 0.67, p= 0.04). The statistical significance of these relations continued after admixture adjustment for a three-hybrid population (p= 0.03). Conclusions: FTO was related to waist circumference, and IRX3 was associated with BWE in Latin American adults. This relation remained statistically significant after an adjustment for sex, age, and genetic ancestry was performed. Despite that these genes were not in LD, findings of a haplotype involving FTO-IRX3 suggest a gene-gene interaction associated with an increased risk of BWE.


Resumen Introducción: FTO (Fat Mass and Obesity-related) se ha relacionado de manera consistente con la obesidad. Recientemente, Polimorfismos de Nucleótido Único (SNP) en este gen se han relacionado con el gen IRX3. Objetivo: Probar la hipótesis de que: i) SNPs en FTO e IRX3 están asociados con la obesidad y trastornos relacionados; ii) existe desequilibrio de ligamiento (LD) significativo entre ambos genes. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal en la costa caribe colombiana. Se valoraron variables antropométricas y bioquímicas, la obesidad y trastornos metabólicos. Se genotipificaron 4 SNPs: 3 en FTO (rs17817449, rs8050136, rs9939609) y uno en IRX3 (rs3751723). Se estimó el LD entre estos SNPs. Se aplicó un modelo de regresión logística para estimar asociaciones. Resultados: Se incluyeron 792 sujetos. FTO e IRX3 no se encontraron en LD (D' ≤0.03; R2 ≤0.03). El genotipo TT (rs9939609) se encontró asociado con la circunferencia de la cintura (p= 0.04; adj-p= 0.01), y el SNP IRX3 con el Exceso de Peso (EP) (OR= 1.06, adj-p= 0.03). Se encontró un haplotipo FTO-IRX3 asociado con EP (G-A-A-T, rs17817449-rs8050136-rs9939609-rs3751723; OR= 0.67, p= 0.04). Esta asociación persistió después del ajuste para una población mixta (p= 0.03). Conclusiones: FTO se encontró asociado con la circunferencia de la cintura e IRX3 con EP en adultos latinoamericanos. Estas asociaciones persistieron tras el ajuste por sexo, edad y ascendencia genética. Aunque estos genes no estaban en LD, los hallazgos de un haplotipo entre FTO-IRX3 sugieren una interacción gen-gen asociada con un mayor riesgo de EP.

12.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 71(4): 281-289, dic. 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1355216

RESUMO

Conocer la asociación específica de las enfermedades metabólicas en la mortalidad por COVID-19, ocurrida en México durante el año crítico de la pandemia de marzo 2020 a marzo 2021. Método. Se utilizó la base nacional de COVID-19 de la Dirección General de Epidemiología. Se analizaron los casos positivos que presentaron las enfermedades metabólicas: cardiovasculares, hipertensión, diabetes y obesidad. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo para conocer la distribución de los casos fallecidos y no fallecidos. Se empleó la prueba de ji cuadrada para la diferencia de las proporciones. Se utilizaron análisis de regresión logística para conocer la asociación entre las enfermedades metabólicas y la mortalidad por COVID-19 en personas positivas al virus SARS-CoV-2. Los datos fueron ajustados por edad y sexo. Resultados. Se observó la asociación de las enfermedades metabólicas en la mortalidad. La diabetes tuvo mayor porcentaje de letalidad 18,4%. Cuando se conjuntaron las enfermedades cardiovasculares y diabetes el porcentaje de letalidad subió a 31,5%; la conjunción de las enfermedades cardiovasculares, con hipertensión y diabetes fue la de mayor porcentaje de letalidad 38,7%. La obesidad fue la que tuvo menor incidencia. Conclusiones. Las enfermedades metabólicas en México son un problema de salud pública que afectó la mortalidad por covid-19. Es prioritario atender con políticas públicas preventivas y efectivas en favor de un modelo de consumo alimentario sano, acorde con las necesidades nutrimentales de la población(AU)


To know the specific association of metabolic disease on COVID-19 mortality, occurred during the critical year of the pandemic, from march 2020 to march 2021. Method: The Covid-19 national base of the General Directorate of Epidemiology was used. Positive cases of metabolic diseases were analyzed: cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes and obesity. A descriptive analysis was carried out to find out the distribution of deceased and non-deceased cases. The chi-square test was used for the difference in proportions. Logistic regression analysis was used to understand the association between metabolic diseases and COVID 19 mortality in people who tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The data were adjusted for age and gender. Results: The association of metabolic diseases on mortality was observed. Diabetes had a higher percentage of lethality 18,4%. When cardiovascular disease and diabetes were combined, the fatality rate rose to 31,5%; the combination of cardiovascular diseases, with hypertension and diabetes was the highest percentage of lethality 38,7%. Obesity had the least incidence. Conclusions: Metabolic diseases in México are a public health problem that affected COVID-19 mortality. It is a priority to deal with preventive and effective public policies in favor of a healthy food consumption model, in line with the nutritional needs of the population(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Diabetes Mellitus , Ingestão de Alimentos , COVID-19/mortalidade , Doenças Metabólicas/complicações , Doenças Metabólicas/mortalidade , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Gorduras Insaturadas na Dieta , Epidemiologia , Alimentos Industrializados , Pandemias , Hipertensão
13.
Repert. med. cir ; 30(1): 7-12, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | COLNAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1281052

RESUMO

Introducción: la programación fetal ofrece nuevas perspectivas sobre el origen de las enfermedades cardiovasculares, relacionando su aparición con factores perinatales. Objetivo: exponer evidencia que vincule las alteraciones gestacionales con las enfermedades cardiovasculares en la vida adulta del feto. Metodología: búsqueda en las bases de datos EBSCO, COCHRANE, MEDLINE, PROQUEST y SciELO de los artículos de revisión e investigaciones originales en inglés publicados en los últimos diez años. Se utilizaron términos MeSH para búsqueda controlada y se evaluaron los estudios con STROBE y PRISMA según correspondía. Resultados: los hallazgos sugieren que nacer con menos de 2600 k guarda relación con diabetes mellitus (OR de 1.607 IC 95% 1.324-1.951), hipertensión arterial (OR de 1.15 IC 95% 1.043-1.288) y menor función endotelial (1.94+0.37 vs 2.68+0.41, p: 0.0001) en la adultez. La prematuridad se asocia con mayores presiones arteriales sistólicas (4.2 mmHg IC 95%; 2.8 - 5.7 p 0.001) y diastólicas (2.6 mmHg IC 95%; 1.2-4.0; p 0.001). Las alteraciones nutricionales maternas y la diabetes gestacional aumentan el riesgo de síndrome metabólico (OR 1.2 IC 95% 0.9-1.7) y sobrepeso en la edad escolar (OR 1.81 IC 95% 1.18 - 2.86). Conclusión: los resultados adversos en la gestación están relacionados con el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares en la vida adulta del feto expuesto.


Introduction: fetal programming offers new perspectives on the origin of cardiovascular diseases, relating their appearance with perinatal factors. Objective: to show the evidence associating gestational alterations with cardiovascular diseases in the offspring in adult life. Methodology: an EBSCO, COCHRANE, MEDLINE, PROQUEST and SciELO databases search of original review and research articles published in English in the last ten years was conducted. MeSH terms were used to perform a controlled search. The studies were analyzed accordingly using the STROBE and PRISMA reporting guidelines. Results:The findings suggest that a birth weight of less than 2600 kg is related with diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.607, 95% CI 1.324 to 1.951), hypertension (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.043 to 1.288) and impaired endothelial function (1.94+0.37 vs 2.68+0.41, p: 0.0001) in adulthood. Prematurity is related with higher systolic blood pressure (4.2 mmHg 95% CI; 2.8 to 5.7 p 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (2.6 mmHg 95% CI; 1.2 to 4.0; p 0.001). Maternal nutritional alterations and gestational diabetes increase the risk of metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.2 95% CI 0.9 to 1.7) and overweight in school-age (OR = 1.81 95% CI 1.18 to 2.86). Conclusion: adverse results during pregnancy are related with the development of cardiovascular diseases in the exposed fetus in adult life.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Gravidez , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Desenvolvimento Fetal , Doenças Metabólicas/etiologia , Peso ao Nascer , Estado Nutricional , Diabetes Gestacional , Síndrome Metabólica/complicações , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas , Trabalho de Parto Prematuro
14.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 27(spe): 37-39, Mar. 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1156122

RESUMO

ABSTRACT As a common metabolic disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common type of liver disease in western developed countries and an important liver disease in the Asia Pacific region. At present, NAFLD lacks targeted conventional therapy and its basic treatment is the correction of bad living habits. In order to verify the effectiveness of the basic treatment of NAFLD, and explore the prevention methods of NAFLD, this study used ultrasound diagnosis, baseline survey and follow-up survey, and conducted a cross-sectional study on the correlation between nighttime and midday sleep duration and NAFLD, and carried out a prospective study on the correlation between sleep duration and NAFLD. The results showed that there was a negative correlation between the length of sleep at night and the prevalence of NAFLD, while the length of midday sleep was positively correlated with the prevalence of NAFLD. The time of night sleep was an independent factor of NAFLD, and the relationship between midday sleep time and NAFLD was not statistically significant. NAFLD-susceptible people can prevent NAFLD by ensuring adequate sleep at night and reducing midday sleep. This study is expected to provide theoretical reference and data support for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.


RESUMO Como uma doença metabólica comum, a doença doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA) é o tipo de doença hepática mais comum nos países desenvolvidos ocidentais e uma doença hepática importante na região Ásia Pacífico. Atualmente, a DHGNA carece de terapia convencional orientada, e seu tratamento básico é a correção de maus hábitos de vida. A fim de verificar a eficácia do tratamento básico da DHGNA e explorar os métodos de prevenção da DHGNA, este estudo, baseado no diagnóstico por ultrassom, através do inquérito de base e do inquérito de acompanhamento, consistiu de estudo transversal sobre a correlação entre a duração do sono à noite e de dia e a DHGNA, e realizou um estudo prospectivo sobre a correlação entre a duração do sono e a DHGNA. Os resultados mostraram que havia uma correlação negativa entre a duração do sono à noite e a prevalência de DHGNA, enquanto a duração do sono de dia estava positivamente correlacionada com a prevalência da DHGNA. A hora do sono noturno foi um fator independente de DHGNA, e a relação entre o sono de dia e DHGNA não foi estatisticamente significativa. As pessoas sensíveis à DHGNA podem prevenir a DHGNA garantindo o sono adequado à noite e reduzindo o sono de dia. Espera-se que este estudo possa fornecer referências teóricas e suporte de dados para a prevenção e tratamento da DHGNA.


RESUMEN Como enfermedad metabólica común, la enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico (NAFLD) es el tipo más común de enfermedad hepática en los países desarrollados occidentales y una enfermedad hepática importante en la región de Asia que da al Pacífico. En la actualidad, la EHGNA carece de terapia convencional dirigida y su tratamiento básico es la corrección de los malos hábitos de vida. Con el fin de verificar la efectividad del tratamiento básico y explorar los métodos de prevención de la EHGNA, este estudio utilizó un diagnóstico por ultrasonido, una encuesta de referencia y una encuesta de seguimiento, condujo un estudio transversal sobre la correlación entre la duración del sueño nocturno y la siesta y la EHGNA, y realizó un estudio prospectivo sobre la correlación entre la duración del sueño y la EHGNA. Los resultados mostraron que hubo una correlación negativa entre la duración del sueño por la noche y la prevalencia de EHGNA, mientras que la duración de la siesta se correlacionó positivamente con la prevalencia de EHGNA. El tiempo de sueño nocturno fue un factor independiente de la EHGNA, y la relación entre el tiempo de siesta y la EHGNA no fue estadísticamente significativa. Las personas susceptibles a la EHGNA pueden prevenirla asegurando un sueño adecuado por la noche y reduciendo la siesta. Se espera que este estudio proporcione referencias teóricas y soporte de datos para la prevención y el tratamiento de la EHGNA.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/diagnóstico por imagem , Higiene do Sono , Fatores de Tempo , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Prospectivos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/prevenção & controle
15.
NOVA publ. cient ; 19(36): 157-179, ene.-jun. 2021. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356547

RESUMO

Resumen Objetivo. Identificar los enfoques y temáticas publicadas en la Revista Nova en los últimos 5 años y realizar una descripción narrativa de los mismos. Metodología. Revisión documental y análisis de las contribuciones teóricas y empíricas producidas durante el periodo comprendido entre 2014 y 2019 de publicación de la Revista NOVA. Resultados. Se identificaron dos enfoques: área médica y ciencias biológicas y seis temáticas relevantes: 1. Enfermedades infecciosas y resistencia bacteriana, 2. Enfermedades raras y neurodegenerativas, 3. Enfermedades tropicales, 4. Enfermedades metabólicas y diagnóstico prenatal, 5. Enfermedades cardiovasculares y hematológicas, 6. Biotecnología y calidad del agua. Conclusiones. La Revista NOVA ha realizado importantes contribuciones a la divulgación científica desde las áreas de la salud y biológicas, particularmente en seis temáticas de relevancia para el país y el mundo.


Abstract Objective. Identify the approaches and topics published in Nova in the last 5 years and make a narrative description of them. Methodology. Documentary review and analysis of the theoretical and empirical contributions produced during the period of the last 5 years of publication of the NOVA. Results. Two approaches were identified: medical and biological sciences area and six relevant topics: 1. Infectious diseases and bacterial resistance, 2. Rare and neurodegenerative diseases, 3. Tropical diseases, 4. Metabolic diseases and prenatal diagnosis, 5. Cardiovascular and hematological diseases, 6. Biotechnology and water quality. Conclusions. NOVA Scientific Publication has made important contributions to scientific dissemination from the health and biological areas, particularly on six topics of relevance to the country and the world.


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Neurodegenerativas , Qualidade da Água , Doenças Transmissíveis , Disciplinas das Ciências Biológicas , Doenças Hematológicas
16.
Rev. méd. hondur ; 88(1): 38-42, ene.- jun. 2020. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1128552

RESUMO

Antecedentes: La enfermedad de Gaucher es causada por la acumulación del glicolípido glucosilceramidasa en el sistema macrofagocítico debido a la deficiencia de la enzima glucocerebrosidasa. Se han descrito tres formas clínicas de la enfermedad. La prevalencia mundial es de 1 caso en 40,000-100,000 nacimientos, aunque en poblaciones de ascendencia judío askenazi puede ser tan alta como 1 en 850 individuos. El diagnóstico definitivo se obtiene a través de observación directa de células Gaucher en médula ósea y la confirmación diagnóstica de las mutaciones en el cromosoma 1q21.31. Descripción del Caso: Femenina de 30 años con historia de 4 meses de hepatoesplenomegalia, leucopenia, neutropenia y trombocitopenia. Células de Gaucher se observaron en biopsia de médula ósea. Se confirmaron las variantes heterocigotas en los Exones 4 y 10 del Cromosoma 1q2. La paciente fue tratada con 5 mg de ácido fólico y multivitaminas. Es candidata para Terapia de Reemplazo de la Enzima con imiglucerasa, sin embargo, éste no está disponible en Honduras por su alto costo. Paciente continúa en seguimiento 5 años después del diagnóstico. Conclusión: La incidencia en Honduras es desconocida. Otros casos podrían permanecer sin ser diagnosticados debido a la complejidad del diagnóstico en el primer nivel de atención. Las enfermedades metabólicas son un reto para el sistema de salud debido al acceso limitado a la atención médica de calidad y a la escasez de médicos especialistas capacitados. Una de las fortalezas de este caso es el estudio laboratorial completo que incluye confirmación genética de la enfermedad...(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Doença de Gaucher/diagnóstico , Doenças Metabólicas , Trombocitopenia , Leucopenia/complicações
17.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 82(6): 404-11, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25488173

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Advances in the early diagnosis and treatment have led to improved survival, and a better quality of life for patients with inherited metabolic disorders (IMD). They can go to the Pediatric Emergency Services (PES) for reasons unrelated to their disease. The purpose of this study was to review the characteristics of visitors to the PES of these patients in a tertiary hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted on all visits from patients with IMD to the PES of Hospital Infantil La Paz over the years 2011 and 2012. IMD type, complaint, duration of symptoms, need for hospitalization, and presence of metabolic decompensation was recorded. RESULTS: A total of 107 visits were analyzed, with the most frequent reason being for consultation of respiratory processes (30.8%). When the consultation was for vomiting, patients with protein-related disorders were those who delayed less in going to PES. One third of visitors were admitted, half of them due to metabolic decompensation of the underlying pathology. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with IMD came to PES for many different reasons, which in some cases were the cause or consequence of an acute metabolic decompensation that led to hospitalization. Being diseases with low prevalence, it would be useful to have diagnostic and therapeutic protocols in order to provide optimal care.


Assuntos
Serviços Médicos de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Metabólicas/epidemiologia , Doenças Metabólicas/genética , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Lactente , Estudos Retrospectivos
18.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 24(2): 178-185, mar.-abr. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1098913

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: el síndrome metabólico se caracteriza por la obesidad central, anomalías metabólicas, dislipidemia e hipertensión arterial y comprende diferentes alteraciones cardiovasculares; así como la presencia de diabetes mellitus. Objetivo: caracterizar los factores de riesgo del síndrome metabólico en adolescentes de San Juan y Martínez durante el año 2018. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. El universo estuvo constituido por 522 pacientes, se seleccionaron 141 adolescentes mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple. Se realizó la revisión de las historias de salud individual y familiar. Los datos obtenidos fueron procesados mediante SPSS. Resultados: existió predominio del sexo femenino (58,87 %) y color de piel blanca (80,14 %). El 63,1 % presentó antecedentes de hipertensión arterial en familiares de primera línea y el 61 % mostró hábitos alimentarios regulares. El 54,6 % de la muestra se encontró normopeso, el 75,2 % refirió ingerir bebidas alcohólicas y el 88 % eran fumadores. Conclusiones: la presencia de factores de riesgo del síndrome metabólico es cada día mayor en los adolescentes, lo cual trae grandes probabilidades para desarrollarlo en esta etapa de la vida. El diagnóstico precoz permite trabajar sobre ellos y evitar futuras enfermedades y complicaciones asociadas.


ABSTRACT Introduction: metabolic syndrome is characterized by central obesity, metabolic abnormalities, dyslipidemia, hypertension and it includes different cardiovascular alterations; as well as the presence of diabetes mellitus. Objective: to characterize the risk factors of the metabolic syndrome in adolescents from San Juan and Martinez municipality during the year 2018. Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. The target group consisted of 522 patients, 141 of them were chosen through a simple random sampling. Individual and family health histories were reviewed. The data obtained were processed by SPSS. Results: there was a predominance of female sex (58,87 %) and white race (80,14 %). A history of hypertension in first line relatives was found in 63,1 % and 61 % showed average eating habits; 54,6 % of the sample was found to be normal weight, 75,2 % reported drinking alcoholic beverages and 88% were smokers. Conclusions: the presence of risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome is increasing in adolescents, which brings about great probabilities for its development at this stage of life. Early diagnoses allow working on them and avoid future diseases and associated complications.

19.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 26(1): 21-24, Jan.-Feb. 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057904

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Introduction: Adipocyte volume (fat accumulation) in different parts of the body may play different roles in the metabolism and in the appearance of cardiovascular risk factors. Most studies indicate that the regional distribution of body fat seems to be more important than excess adiposity per se. High levels of physical activity are associated with lower total and visceral body fat levels. Military physical training is of paramount importance for the health and performance of soldiers in the Brazilian Army. In this context, physical evaluation will provide data on the main physical benefits involved in military tasks. Objective: Verify the relationship between visceral fat (VF), physical performance and biochemical markers of soldiers in the Brazilian Army. Methods: The sample consisted of 41 (38.9 ± 2.2 years) Brazilian male military personnel. VF was obtained with a Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry densitometry device. The biochemical analysis included fasting glycemia, triglycerides (TG) and HDL-C levels. Physical performance was evaluated through two tests (12-min run and pull-ups). The Shapiro-Wilk test confirmed the normality of the variables. Pearson's correlation test was then applied, with a p-value of <0.05. Results: Significant negative correlations of VF were found with the results of both physical tests (Pull-ups r = −0.59; 12-min r = −0.61). The only biochemical variable that had a significant positive correlation with VF was TG (r = 0.44). Conclusion: The results of this study showed a significant negative association between VF and physical tests. A significant positive association between VF and TG was also found. Level of Evidence I; Diagnostic studies - Investigation of a diagnostic test.


RESUMO Introdução: O acúmulo de adipócitos em diferentes regiões do corpo pode desempenhar diferentes papéis no metabolismo e no aparecimento de fatores de risco cardiovascular. A maioria dos estudos aponta que a distribuição regional da gordura corporal parece ser mais importante do que o excesso de adiposidade per se. Altos níveis de atividade física estão associados a níveis mais baixos de gordura corporal total e visceral. O treinamento físico militar é de fundamental importância para a saúde e desempenho dos militares do Exército Brasileiro, neste sentido a avaliação física fornecerá dados referentes aos principais benefícios físicos envolvidos nas tarefas militares. Objetivo: Verificar a relação entre a gordura visceral (GV), o desempenho físico e os marcadores bioquímicos de militares do Exército Brasileiro. Método: A amostra foi composta por 41(38,9± 2,2 anos) militares brasileiros, do sexo masculino. A GV foi obtida através de um aparelho de densitometria "Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry". A análise bioquímica incluiu as dosagens em jejum da glicemia, de triglicerídeos (TG) e HDL-C. O desempenho físico foi avaliado por meio de dois testes (corrida de 12 min e flexão de braços na barra fixa). O teste de Shapiro-Wilk confirmou a normalidade das variáveis. Na sequência foi aplicado o teste de correlação de Pearson, com valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: Foram encontradas correlações negativas e significativas da GV, com o resultado dos dois testes físicos (Barra r = - 0,59; Teste de 12 min r = - 0,61). A única variável bioquímica que apresentou correlação positiva significativa com a GV foi TG (r = 0,44). Conclusão: Os resultados do presente estudo mostraram haver associação negativa significativa entre a GV e os testes físicos. Além disso, encontrou-se uma associação positiva significativa entre a GV e os TG. Nível de Evidência I; Estudos diagnósticos-Investigação de um exame para diagnóstico.


RESUMEN Introducción: La acumulación de adipocitos en diferentes regiones del cuerpo puede desempeñar papeles diferentes en el metabolismo y la aparición de factores de riesgo cardiovascular. La mayoría de los estudios indica que la distribución regional de la grasa corporal parece ser más importante que el exceso de adiposidad per se. Altos niveles de actividad física están asociados a niveles más bajos de grasa corporal total y visceral. El entrenamiento físico militar es de fundamental importancia para la salud y el desempeño de los militares del Ejército Brasileño, en este sentido la evaluación física proporcionará datos referentes a los principales beneficios físicos involucrados en las tareas militares. Objetivo: Verificar la relación entre la grasa visceral (GV), el desempeño físico y los marcadores bioquímicos de militares del Ejército Brasileño. Método: La muestra fue compuesta por 41 (38,9 ± 2,2 años) militares brasileños, del sexo masculino. La GV fue obtenida a través de un aparato de densitometría "Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry". El análisis bioquímico incluyó las dosificaciones en ayuno de glucemia, de triglicéridos (TG) y del HDL-C. El desempeño físico fue evaluado por medio de dos tests (carrera de 12 minutos y flexión de brazos en la barra fija). El test de Shapiro-Wilk confirmó la normalidad de las variables. A continuación, fue aplicado el test de correlación de Pearson con valor de p <0,05. Resultados: Se encontraron correlaciones negativas y significativas de la GV, con el resultado de los dos tests físicos (Barra r = - 0,59; 12 min r = - 0,61). La única variable bioquímica que presentó una correlación positiva significativa con la GV fue TG (r = 0,44). Conclusión: Los resultados del presente estudio mostraron que hay una asociación negativa significativa entre la GV y los tests físicos. Además, se encontró una asociación positiva significativa entre GV y los TG. Nivel de evidencia I; Estudios diagnósticos-Investigación de un examen para diagnóstico.

20.
Cir Cir ; 83(6): 543-51, 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26159364

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Systemic inflammation is characterised by high circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines and increased macrophage infiltration in peripheral tissues. Most importantly, this inflammatory state does not involve damage or loss of function of the infiltrated tissue, which is a distinctive feature of the low-grade systemic inflammation. The term "meta-inflammation" has also been used to refer to the low-grade systemic inflammation due to its strong relationship with the development of cardio-metabolic diseases in obesity. OBJECTIVE: A review is presented on the recent clinical and experimental evidence concerning the role of adipose tissue inflammation as a key mediator of low-grade systemic inflammation. Furthermore, the main molecular mechanisms involved in the inflammatory polarization of macrophages with the ability to infiltrate both the adipose tissue and the vascular endothelium via activation of toll-like receptors by metabolic damage-associated molecular patterns, such as advanced glycation-end products and oxidized lipoproteins, is discussed. Finally, a review is made of the pathogenic mechanisms through which the low-grade systemic inflammation contributes to develop insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, atherogenesis, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension in obese individuals. CONCLUSIONS: A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of low-grade systemic inflammation in promoting cardio-metabolic diseases is necessary, in order to further design novel anti-inflammatory therapies that take into consideration clinical data, as well as the circulating levels of cytokines, immune cells, and metabolic damage-associated molecular patterns in each patient.


Assuntos
Inflamação/complicações , Síndrome Metabólica/etiologia , Obesidade/complicações , Adipocinas/metabolismo , Arteriosclerose/etiologia , Arteriosclerose/fisiopatologia , Citocinas/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/etiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatologia , Dislipidemias/etiologia , Dislipidemias/fisiopatologia , Produtos Finais de Glicação Avançada/metabolismo , Humanos , Inflamação/fisiopatologia , Inflamação/terapia , Resistência à Insulina , Células Secretoras de Insulina/patologia , Gordura Intra-Abdominal/fisiopatologia , Leptina/fisiologia , Macrófagos/fisiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/fisiopatologia , Modelos Biológicos , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Receptores de Reconhecimento de Padrão/fisiologia , Receptores Toll-Like/fisiologia
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