Effects of fecal microbial transplantation on police performance and transportation stress in Kunming police dogs.

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been shown to improve gut dysbiosis in dogs; however, it has not completely been understood in police dogs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of FMT on performance and gut microflora in Kunming police dogs. Twenty Wolf Cyan dogs were randomly assigned to receive physiological saline or fecal suspension at low, medium, or high doses through oral gavage for 14 days. Growth performance, police performance, serum biochemical profiling, and gut microflora were determined 2-week post-FMT. Dogs after FMT treatment were also subjected to an hour road transportation and then were evaluated for serum stress indicators. Overall, FMT enhanced the growth performance and alleviated diarrhea rate in Kunming dogs with the greatest effects occurring in the low dose FMT (KML) group. The improvement of FMT on police performance was also determined. These above alterations were accompanied by changed serum biochemical parameters as indicated by elevated total protein and albumin and reduced total cholesterol and glycerol. Furthermore, the serum stress indicators after road transportation in dog post-FMT significantly decreased. Increased bacterial diversity and modified bacterial composition were found in the feces of dogs receiving FMT. The fecal samples from FMT dogs were characterized by higher abundances of the genera Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Fusobacterium and lower concentrations of Cetobacterium, Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus. The present study supports a potential benefit of FMT on police performance in Kunming dogs. KEY POINTS: • FMT improves the growth performance and reduces diarrhea rates in Kunming police dogs. • FMT alleviates the serum stress profiles after road transportation in Kunming police dogs. • FMT modifies the gut microbiota composition of Kunming police dogs.

Exploring the dynamics of human scent in forensic canine analysis: Factors shaping identification accuracy.

Using specially trained canines in forensic analysis to identify individual human scents is a well-established method, capitalizing on dogs' exceptional olfactory abilities. This study investigates the survival of human scent under extreme weather conditions in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Five experienced German Shepherd police dogs, trained for human scent tracking, participated in the experiments. The study was conducted during Bahrain's hot summer season, characterized by high temperatures, high humidity, and occasional strong winds. Three common surfaces-sand, grass, and asphalt-were selected to represent scenarios where human scent might be detected. The findings revealed that human scent persisted for approximately 8-11 hours on sand and grass but only 1-3 hours on asphalt, highlighting the impact of surface type on scent survival. The research also examined the effect of temperature on scent survival, testing at three different temperatures: 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C. The results demonstrated that scent durability varied across types of articles and temperature conditions. For instance, at 30°C, human scent remained detectable for up to 93 days on leather but only 27-28 days on silk cloth. At 40°C, leather allowed the scent to last 64-65 days, while wood surfaces had the shortest duration. The scent lasted 37-39 days on jeans cloth at a temperature of 50°C but only 3-4 days on wood. The data gathered can be beneficial for forensic investigations in semi-desert areas involving canine olfaction, offering guidance on the timing and likelihood of scent detection.

Evaluación clínica y radiológica de la articulación húmero-radio-ulnar en perros de trabajo policial en la ciudad de Concepción, Chile / Clinical and Radiological Evaluation of the Radius-Ulna-Humerus Joint in Police Dogs in the City of Concepción, Chile / Avaliação clínica e radiológica da articulação úmero-rádio-ulnar em cachorros de trabalho policial na cidade de Concepción, no Chile

Objetivo: evaluar mediante un examen clínico ortopédico y un examen radiográfico la articulación del codo en perros de actividad policial. Se estudiaron 15 perros (13 machos y 2 hembras) entre 3 y 10 años de edad que realizan actividad policial en Concepción, Chile. Método: los individuos fueron sometidos a un examen físico general y ortopédico referido a la articulación del codo, luego se realizó el estudio radiográfico, en el cual se evaluaron ambos codos a través de 4 proyecciones que incluyeron una medio lateral extendida (ML), craneocaudal (CrCa), mediolateral en flexion 45° (ML 45° flex) y craneolateral-caudomedial oblicua (Cr15° LCdMO), a fin de establecer la presentación de alteraciones ostearticulares. Resultados: solo 2 perros presentaron signos clínicos (13,33%) en los que se observaron dolor y crepitación mediante la palpación y la manipulación de la articulación; 8 individuos presentaron signos radiográficos (53,33%). Los signos más comunes fueron osteofitos (40%), esclerosis (20%), incongruencia articular (20%), desnivel entre radio y ulna (20%), ausencia del proceso coronoideo medial de la ulna (6,67%) y proceso ancóneo no unido (6,67%). Conclusión: este estudio demostró una baja correlación entre la presencia de signos clínicos con la presencia de signos radiográficos (r: 0,327).

Objective: To assess the elbow joint in police dogs through a clinical orthopedic exam and a radiological exam. Fifteen dogs were studied (13 males and 2 females) between the ages of 3 and 10 that perform police work in Concepción, Chile. Method: Individuals were subjected to a general and orthopedic physical examination focused on the elbow joint, and then a radiological study was carried out, in which both elbows were assessed through 4 projections including an extended medial lateral (ML), craniocaudal (CrCa), medial lateral flexed at 45° (ML 45° flex) and craniolateral-caudomedial oblique (Cr15° LCdMO), in order to establish the appearance of osteoarticular disorders. Results: Only 2 dogs showed clinical signs (13.33%) in which pain and crepitation were observed through palpation and manipulation of the joint; 8 individuals showed radiological signs (53.33%). The most common signs were osteophytes (40%), sclerosis (20%), joint incongruity (20%), unevenness between radius and ulna (20%), absence of the medial coronoid process of the ulna (6.67%) and unbound anconeus process (6.67%). Conclusion: This study showed a low correlation between the presence of clinical signs and the presence of radiological signs (r: 0.327).

Objetivo: avaliar mediante um exame clínico ortopédico e um exame radiográfico da articulação do cotovelo em cachorros de atividade policial. Estudaram-se 15 cachorros (13 machos e 2 fêmeas) entre 3 e 10 anos de idade que realizam atividade policial em Concepción, no Chile. Método: os indivíduos foram submetidos a um exame físico geral e ortopédico referido à articulação do cotovelo, logo se realizou o estudo radiográfico, no qual se avaliaram ambos os dois cotovelos através de 4 projeções que incluíram uma meio lateral estendida (ML), craniocaudal (CrCa), médio lateral em flexão 45° (ML 45° flex) e craniolateral-caudomedial oblíqua (Cr15° LCdMO), a fim de estabelecer a apresentação de alterações ostearticulares. Resultados: só 2 cachorros apresentaram sinais clínicos (13,33%) nos quais se observaram dor e crepitação mediante a palpação e a manipulação da articulação; 8 indivíduos apresentaram sinais radiográficos (53,33%). Os sinais mais comuns foram osteofitos (40%), esclerose (20%), incongruência articular (20%), desnível entre rádio e ulna (20%), ausência do processo coronoideo medial da ulna (6,67%) e processo ancôneo não unido (6,67%). Conclusão: este estudo demostrou uma baixa correlação entre a presença de sinais clínicos com a presença de signos radiográficos (r: 0,327).