Neocolonialism and Health Care Access among Marshall Islanders in the United States.

In the Marshall Islands, a history of extensive nuclear weapons testing and covert biomedical research, coupled with the U.S.'s ongoing military presence in the country, has severely compromised the health of the local population. Despite the U.S.'s culpability in producing ill health along with high rates of emigration from the islands to the mainland United States, the large portion of Marshallese who reside in the United States face substantial barriers to accessing health care. Drawing from ongoing field research with a Marshallese community in Arkansas, this article explores the multifaceted impediments that U.S.-based Marshall Islanders face in receiving medical treatment. Calling on an expansive and inclusive notion of neocolonialism, I argue that Marshallese structural vulnerability with regard to health and health care treatment derives from their status as neocolonial subjects and from their limited claims to health-related deservingness associated with this status. [Marshall Islanders, health care access, neocolonialism, radiation exposure, immigrant health] L̗omn̗ak ko rottin̗o: Ilo M̗ajel̗, juon bwebwenato kon kommalmel im nuclear baam̗ ko im ekkatak ko rottin̗o̗ kon wawein an baijin ko jelot armej, barainwot an to an ri tarinae ro an Amedka pad ilo aelon̄ kein, em̗oj an jelot ajmour an armej ro ilo aelon̄ kein. Men̄e alikkar bwe Amedka in ear jino nan̄inmej kein im ej un eo armej rein rej em̗m̗akut jan ane kein ane er n̄an ioon Amedka, elon̄ iaan ri M̗ajel̗ rein rej jelm̗ae elon̄ apan̄ ko n̄an aer del̗o̗n̄e jikin ajmour ko. Jan ekkatak eo ej bok jikin kio, jerbal in ej etali kabojrak rak kein rolon̄ im armej in M̗ajel̗ ro ioon Amedka in rej jelm̗ae ilo aer jibadok lo̗k jikin takto. Ilo an kar Amedka jibadok juon jea eo eutiej imejan lal̗ in, ij kwal̗ok juon ao akweelel bwe apan̄ ko an armej in M̗ajel̗ ikijjeen ajmour im jikin takto ej itok jan aer kar ri kom̗akoko ilo an kar Amedka lelon̄ l̗o̗k etan ilo mejan lal̗ im jan aer jab pukot jipan kein ej aer bwe kon jokjok in.

Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus biology and oncogenesis.

Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) is the causative agent of a lung cancer in sheep known as ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA). The disease has been identified around the world in several breeds of sheep and goats, and JSRV infection typically has a serious impact on affected flocks. In addition, studies on OPA are an excellent model for human lung carcinogenesis. A unique feature of JSRV is that its envelope (Env) protein functions as an oncogene. The JSRV Env-induced transformation or oncogenesis has been studied in a variety of cell systems and in animal models. Moreover, JSRV studies have provided insights into retroviral genomic RNA export/expression mechanisms. JSRV encodes a trans-acting factor (Rej) within the env gene necessary for the synthesis of Gag protein from unspliced viral RNA. This review summarizes research pertaining to JSRV-induced pathogenesis, Env transformation, and other aspects of JSRV biology.