Biogenic Synthesis and Characterisation of Novel Potassium Nanoparticles by Capparis spinosa Flower Extract and Evaluation of Their Potential Antibacterial, Anti-biofilm and Antibiotic Development.

Scientific researches on the synthesis, characterisation, and biological activity of potassium nanoparticles (K NPs) are extremely rare. In our study, we successfully synthesised a novel form of K NPs using Capparis spinosa (C. spinosa) flower extract as a reducing and capping agent. The formation of K NPs in new form (K2O NPs) was confirmed by UV-vis and XRD spectra. Furthermore, the FTIR results indicated the presence of specific active biomolecules in the C. spinosa extract which played a crucial role in reducing and stabilising K2O NPs. SEM imaging demonstrated that the K2O NPs exhibited irregular shapes with nanosizes ranging between 25 and 95 nm. Remarkably, the biosynthesised K2O NPs displayed considerable antibacterial activity against a wide range of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria. K2O NPs demonstrated considerable anti-biofilm activity against preformed biofilms produced by MDR bacteria. Combining K2O NPs with conventional antibiotics greatly improved their efficacy in compacting the MDR bacterial strains. Industrially, bulk form of potassium oxides was commonly used in the preparation of various antimicrobial compounds such as detergents, bleach, and oxidising solutions. The synthesis of potassium oxide in nanoform has shown remarkable biological efficacy, making it a promising therapeutic approach for pharmaceutical and medical applications.

Mass spectrometry and associated technologies delineate the advantageously biomedical capacity of siderophores in different pathogenic contexts.

Siderophores are chemically diverse small molecules produced by microorganisms for chelation of irons to maintain their survival and govern some important biological functions, especially those cause that infections in hosts. Still, siderophores can offer new insight into a better understanding of the diagnosis and treatments of infectious diseases from the siderophore biosynthesis and regulation perspective. Thus, this review aims to summarize the biomedical value and applicability of siderophores in pathogenic contexts by briefly reviewing mass spectrometry (MS)-based chemical biology and translational applications that involve diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapeutic discovery for a variety of infectious conditions caused by different pathogens. We highlight the advantages and disadvantages of siderophore discovery and applications in pathogenic contexts. Finally, we propose a panel of new and promising strategy as precision-modification metabolomics method, to rapidly advance the discovery of and translational innovations pertaining to these value compounds in broad biomedical niches. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev XX:XX-XX, 2018.