[Patients with tuberculosis associated with chronic non-specific lung diseases].

159 patients have been observed to assess the efficiency of laseropuncture use in a complex treatment of patients with lung tuberculosis and chronic bronchitis. Disbalance in renal meridian (R), urinary bladder (V) and insufficiency of the energy in colon meridian (60.3%) were observed in patients with tuberculosis associated with chronic bronchitis. Medium deviations of electro-skin conductivity from the physiological gape in meridians of GI, IG, F, V, R in patients with tuberculosis associated with chronic bronchitis considerably differ from those data obtained from patients with only tuberculosis. Obtained data testify more severe disorders of energy balance in meridians of patients having except tuberculosis other associated diseases. Medium parameters of deviations from the physiological gape considerably decrease after the course of laseropuncture compared with those patients treated traditionally. Improve of the course of the chronic bronchitis was noted in patients who underwent laseropuncture.

Low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: The main treatment for tuberculosis is antituberculous drugs. Low level laser therapy is used as an adjunct to antituberculous drugs, predominantly in the former Soviet Union and India. OBJECTIVES: To compare low level laser therapy plus antituberculous drugs with antituberculous drugs alone for treating tuberculosis. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register (December 2005), CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2005, Issue 4), MEDLINE (1966 to December 2005), EMBASE (1974 to December 2005), CINAHL (1982 to December 2005), Science Citation Index (1945 to December 2005), PEDro (1929 to December 2005), the Central Medical Library of Moscow catalogue (1988 to June 2005), the internet, and reference lists of articles. We contacted relevant organizations and researchers for the original version. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized trials comparing low level laser therapy plus antituberculous drugs with antituberculous drugs alone in people with tuberculosis. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data, including adverse events. MAIN RESULTS: One randomized controlled trial (130 participants) conducted in India met the inclusion criteria. This trial was poorly reported, with no information on the generation of allocation sequence or allocation concealment. The trial report did not provide details on the group that each of the participants were randomized into or which group those participants that left the trial were from. This precluded the use of its data on time to sputum conversion and other outcome measures for analysis. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The use of low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis is still not supported by reliable evidence. Researchers need to focus on conducting well-designed randomized controlled trials to justify the continued participation of volunteers for studies of this experimental intervention.

[Endocavitary ultraviolet laser irradiation in the preoperative preparation of patients with progressive fibrocavernous tuberculosis].

The authors have improved a procedure for preoperatively preparing patients with progressive drug-resistant fibrocavernous tuberculosis. This has been achieved by using ultraviolet laser irradiation (wavelength 248 nm) of the cavity walls in the multimodality treatment of this disease. Endocavitary laser irradiation increases preoperative preparation and surgical treatment and reduces the number of postoperative complications.

[Modern methods of diagnosis and control of the effectiveness of treatment for newly diagnosed fibro-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis caused by mycobacteria with multiple drug resistance].

The clinical observation of the successful treatment of newly diagnosed fibro-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis caused by mycobacteria of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and the results of control of the effectiveness of treatment with modern high-tech radiation methods are presented. The necessity of an individual approach to the treatment of tuberculosis in this category of patients is shown.

Spinal cord glioma after multiple fluoroscopies during artificial pneumothorax treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: case report.

A patient is reported who developed multiple basal-cell carcinomas of the skin, a breast carcinoma, an astrocytoma of the spinal cord, and a bronchial carcinoid tumor following multiple fluoroscopies during artificial pneumothorax treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. A review of the literature revealed no previously documented cases of radiation-induced gliomas of the spinal cord.

Osteoradionecrosis of the thoracic wall and its surgical management.

Four patients with disabling radiation defects of the chest involving skeletal and soft tissues were successfully treated with a one stage breast flap. Closure of the defect resulted after an uncomplicated and safe operation. Safety and reduced morbidity are hallmarks of the breast flap repair for this difficult problem. Although alternative methods can be used, the preparation of staged flaps and postoperative problems in major myocutaneous flaps increase the risk of such therapy and the hospital stay for these elderly, debilitated patients. The low morbidity of this one stage flap with a minimal hospital stay make this treatment a very viable and appealing alternative for patients whose long-term prognosis is exceedingly poor.

Low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: The main treatment for tuberculosis is antituberculous drugs. Low energy laser therapy is used as an adjunct to antituberculous drugs, predominantly in the former Soviet Union and India. OBJECTIVES: To assess the benefits and harms of low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis in randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials. To seek information about potential benefits or harms from observational studies. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group specialized trials register (up to June 2001), the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (Issue 1, 2001), MEDLINE (1966 to December 2001), EMBASE (1988 to December 2001), CINAHL (up to November 2001), PEDro (up to November 2001), the Science Citation Index (up to December 2001), National Centre for Science Information at the Indian Institute of Science (15 April 2002), electronic catalogue of the Central Medical Library (Moscow; 1988 to January 2002), the internet using 'Google' (21 January 2002), and reference lists of articles. We contacted relevant organizations and researchers. SELECTION CRITERIA: (1) Randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials comparing low level laser therapy with no low level laser therapy in people with tuberculosis. We also conducted a subsidiary analysis of of the potential benefits and harms from observational studies. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. We contacted study authors for additional information. Adverse event information was collected from the studies. MAIN RESULTS: No randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria for the review. The potential benefits and harms from 29 observational studies involving over 3500 people are described. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: We have not identified any well designed trials using low level laser therapy (LLLT) to treat tuberculosis. Therefore, the use of LLLT to treat tuberculosis is not supported by reliable evidence.

Role of gallium arsenide laser irradiation at 890 nm as an adjunctive to anti-tuberculosis drugs in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is a global emergency with about nine million people developing disease every year. The long duration of treatment has emerged as a major obstacle in the control of tuberculosis. There is a need for development of new drugs and or shortened therapy. METHODS: The present study was carried out to explore whether any benefit could be achieved by the addition of low level energy laser therapy (LLLT) to the conventional anti-tubercular chemotherapy. One-hundred-thirty new sputum smear positive patients of pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled to evaluate the bio-stimulatory effects of Gallium Arsenide laser irradiation at 890 nm, as an adjuvant therapy. These patients were randomly divided into two groups to receive either LLLT or sham irradiation (control) concomitantly with anti-tuberculosis chemotherpy. RESULTS: The patients treated with semiconductor laser as an adjuvant therapy along with anti-tuberculosis drugs had a faster clearance of tubercle bacilli from the sputum as compared to the control group (P value at :45 days=0.1392, 60 days=0.0117, 75 days=0.00805, 90 days=0.00739). CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide preliminary evidence that low level laser therapy with Gallium Arsenide laser may be a promising adjunctive therapy for patients with tuberculosis. Faster conversion of sputum should prevent the development of resistant mutants.

[Effects of laser irradiation on the regeneration of the bronchial epithelium in chronic inflammation]. / Vliianie lazernogo oblucheniia na regeneratsiiu bronkhial'nogo épiteliia pri khronicheskom vospalenii.

Structural and metabolic changes were studied in 162 large bronchial mucosa biopsy specimens from 63 patients with chronic lung diseases. Proliferative and metabolic processes were shown to be induced by endotracheal therapy with helium-neon laser for the damaged epithelium, which passed through a number of transitional forms and repaired its structure and differentiation into ciliary and goblet cells with normal ultrastructure. In lamina propria, there was hyperemia, intensive leukodiapedesis, formation of leukocytic infiltrated and granulations, the metabolic activity of endotheliocytes and interstitial cells increased, giving rise to delicate fibrous connective tissue. The simultaneous reorganization of the epithelium and underlying connective tissue is interpreted from the standpoint of a concept of parenchymal and stromal relationships.

[Clinical efficacy and roentgen results of laser therapy in combined treatment of patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis]. / Kliniko-renthenolohichna efektyvnist' zastosuvannia laseropunktury v kompleksnomu likuvanni khvorykh z vpershe vyiavlenym tuberkul'ozom lehen'.

Efficiency was studied of use of laseropuncture in a complex treatment of 80 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis first diagnosed. The results of studies made showed that use of laseropuncture in the treatment complex promote significantly the dissipation of the intoxicatory and bronchopulmonary syndromes, the bacteria no longer recovered, the time of closure of the cavities of decomposition getting shortened, the indices for the function of external breathing improved.

Manifestaciones clínico radiológicas en pacientes con coinfección tuberculosis pulmonar y VIH/sida / Clinical-radiologic manifestations inpatients with pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS coinfection

Introducción: la infección por Mycobacterium tuberculosis es considerada la coinfección más común en personas VIH positivas. Objetivo: describir las principales características según variables sociodemográficas y clínicas seleccionadas de los pacientes VIH/sida con Tb pulmonar e identificar los hallazgos radiológicos más frecuentes para contribuir a un diagnóstico más temprano y disminuir la mortalidad por esta coinfección. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de casos clínicos. Se incluyeron 120 pacientes con VIH/sida y cultivo de esputo positivo de Mycobacterium tuberculosis, atendidos en el Hospital del Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí, en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2004 y diciembre del 2010. Resultados: de los casos estudiados el 92,5 por ciento eran masculinos; 48,3 por ciento con color de piel blanca, la media de edad fue 35,6 años. La tuberculosis fue definitoria de sida en el 25,8 por ciento de los casos. La media del conteo de linfocitos T CD4+ fue 193,91 cel/µL. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron fiebre, tos y pérdida de peso. Predominó el patrón radiológico primario, con infiltrados en lóbulos inferiores, infiltrados con derrame pleural e infiltrados extensos. El 25 por ciento tenían Rx de tórax normales. Conclusiones: la coinfección se presentó independientemente de los niveles de linfocitos T CD4. Las radiografías de tórax sin alteraciones no excluyeron el diagnóstico de tuberculosis en pacientes VIH/sida(AU)

Introduction: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is considered the most common coinfection in HIV-positive people. Objective: To describe the main characteristics according to the sociodemographic and clinical variables chosen from HIV/AIDS patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and to identify the most frequent radiological findings, in order to contribute to an earlier diagnosis and to reduce the mortality due to this coinfection. Methods: A clinical case study was carried out. A total of 120 patients with HIV/AIDS and sputum culture positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, treated at the Hospital of Pedro Kourí Institute of Tropical Medicine (IPK), and who were admitted between January 2004 and December 2010. Results: Out of the cases studied, 92.5 percent were male, 48.3 percent had white skin, and their mean age was 35.6 years. Tuberculosis was a defining condition for AIDS in 25.8 percent of the cases. The mean CD4+ T-lymphocyte count was 193.91 cells/?L. The most frequent clinical manifestations were fever, cough and weight loss. There was a predominance of the primary radiological pattern, with infiltrates in the lower lobes, infiltrates with pleural effusion, and extensive infiltrates. 25 percent percent had normal chest X-rays. Conclusions: Coinfection occurred independently of CD4+ T-lymphocyte levels. Unchanged chest radiographs did not exclude the diagnosis of tuberculosis in HIV/AIDS patients(AU)

[State of the hemostasis system in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis undergoing endobronchial laser therapy]. / Sostoianie sistemy gemostaza u bolnykh tuberkulezom legkikh pri éndobronkhialnoi lazernoi terapii.

Blood coagulation has been studied in 59 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis running in association with nonspecific endocarditis following a course of endobronchial laser (He-Ne or CO2 units) radiation. The treatment resulted in intensification of intravascular hemocoagulation. On after-treatment month 5-8 hemostatic disorders in the above patients were less manifest than in matched patients treated with antibacterial drugs combined with standard endobronchial therapy.