Randomized trial testing the effect of vitamin A supplementation on pregnancy outcomes and early mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission in Durban, South Africa. South African Vitamin A Study Group.
AIDS
; 13(12): 1517-24, 1999 Aug 20.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-10465076
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
Poor vitamin A status has been associated with a higher risk for mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and there is contradictory evidence on the impact of vitamin A on perinatal outcome. We therefore assessed the effect of vitamin A supplementation to mothers on birth outcome and mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. DESIGN ANDMETHODS:
In Durban, South Africa 728 pregnant HIV infected women received either vitamin A (368) or placebo (360) in a randomized, double-blind trial. The vitamin A treatment consisted of a daily dose of 5000 IU retinyl palmitate and 30 mg beta-carotene during the third trimester of pregnancy and 200000 IU retinyl palmitate at delivery. HIV infection results were available on 632 children who were included in the Kaplan-Meier transmission analysis. Results are reported on mother-to-child transmission rates up to 3 months of age.RESULTS:
There was no difference in the risk of HIV infection by 3 months of age between the vitamin A [20.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 15.7-24.9] and placebo groups (22.3%; 95% CI, 17.5-27.1), nor were there differences in foetal or infant mortality rates between the two groups. Women receiving vitamin A supplement were, however, less likely to have a preterm delivery (11.4% in the vitamin A and 17.4% in the placebo group; P = 0.03) and among the 80 preterm deliveries, those assigned to the vitamin A group were less likely to be infected (17.9%; 95% CI, 3.5-32.2) than those assigned to the placebo group (33.8%; 95% CI, 19.8-47.8).CONCLUSION:
Vitamin A supplementation, a low-cost intervention, does not appear to be effective in reducing overall mother-to-child transmission of HIV; however, its potential for reducing the incidence of preterm births, and the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in these infants needs further investigation.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez
/
Vitamina A
/
Infecções por HIV
/
Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
Limite:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Male
/
Newborn
/
Pregnancy
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
AIDS
Assunto da revista:
SINDROME DA IMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA (AIDS)
Ano de publicação:
1999
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
África do Sul