[Bell's palsy: idiopathic or infectious?]. / La paralysie de Bell: idiopathique ou infectieuse?

ABSTRACT

Bell's palsy (BP), is a disease of unknown etiology; it's thought to be idiopathic, although it seems to be linked with infections, in particular viral ones. Within three weeks, three cases of BP were admitted to our hospital. The investigations suggested different causes Herpes simplex virus infection, neuroborreliosis and the side effect of an influenza vaccine. Based on the literature, guidelines were established for the diagnostic evaluation and management of cases of BP in our hospital. Criteria for cerebral radiologic imaging procedures and laboratory investigations are discussed. We propose therapeutic strategies adapted to the probable cause of BP. In conclusion BP is associated with several distinct disease entities and the description of Sir Bell in the XIXth century appears outdated. In any case of BP the aim should be to find a specific etiology in order to give appropriate treatment.