The use of biomonitoring data in exposure and human health risk assessment: benzene case study.
Crit Rev Toxicol
; 43(2): 119-53, 2013 Feb.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23346981
ABSTRACT
Abstract A framework of "Common Criteria" (i.e. a series of questions) has been developed to inform the use and evaluation of biomonitoring data in the context of human exposure and risk assessment. The data-rich chemical benzene was selected for use in a case study to assess whether refinement of the Common Criteria framework was necessary, and to gain additional perspective on approaches for integrating biomonitoring data into a risk-based context. The available data for benzene satisfied most of the Common Criteria and allowed for a risk-based evaluation of the benzene biomonitoring data. In general, biomarker (blood benzene, urinary benzene and urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid) central tendency (i.e. mean, median and geometric mean) concentrations for non-smokers are at or below the predicted blood or urine concentrations that would correspond to exposure at the US Environmental Protection Agency reference concentration (30 µg/m(3)), but greater than blood or urine concentrations relating to the air concentration at the 1 × 10(-5) excess cancer risk (2.9 µg/m(3)). Smokers clearly have higher levels of benzene exposure, and biomarker levels of benzene for non-smokers are generally consistent with ambient air monitoring results. While some biomarkers of benzene are specific indicators of exposure, the interpretation of benzene biomonitoring levels in a health-risk context are complicated by issues associated with short half-lives and gaps in knowledge regarding the relationship between the biomarkers and subsequent toxic effects.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Benzeno
/
Carcinógenos Ambientais
/
Monitoramento Ambiental
/
Exposição Ambiental
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Crit Rev Toxicol
Assunto da revista:
TOXICOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos