Genetic diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders: the opportunity and challenge in the genomics era.
Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci
; 51(5): 249-62, 2014 Oct.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24878448
ABSTRACT
A genetic etiology for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) was first suggested from twin studies reported in the 1970s. The identification of gene mutations in syndromic ASDs provided evidence to support a genetic cause of ASDs. More recently, genome-wide copy number variant and sequence analyses have uncovered a list of rare and highly penetrant copy number variants (CNVs) or single nucleotide variants (SNVs) associated with ASDs, which has strengthened the claim of a genetic etiology for ASDs. Findings from research studies in the genetics of ASD now support an important role for molecular diagnostics in the clinical genetics evaluation of ASDs. Various molecular diagnostic assays including single gene tests, targeted multiple gene panels and copy number analysis should all be considered in the clinical genetics evaluation of ASDs. Whole exome sequencing could also be considered in selected clinical cases. However, the challenge that remains is to determine the causal role of genetic variants identified through molecular testing. Variable expressivity, pleiotropic effects and incomplete penetrance associated with CNVs and SNVs also present significant challenges for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtornos Globais do Desenvolvimento Infantil
/
Testes Genéticos
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Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos
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Genômica
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Hibridização Genômica Comparativa
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Child
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci
Assunto da revista:
TECNICAS E PROCEDIMENTOS DE LABORATORIO
Ano de publicação:
2014
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos