The effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipids in postmenopausal women with diabetes: A randomized controlled trial.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease that has become an increasing public health problem. Dyslipidemia is especially relevant in vulnerable populations such as postmenopausal women. Low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D have been associated with an unfavourable lipid profile. Due to contradictory findings from intervention trials, we investigated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipids in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: A total of 104 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to 1 of 2 groups taking a daily tablet for 6 months a group consuming 4000 IU tablets of a vitamin D supplement (vitamin D group n = 52) or a group consuming placebo tablets (placebo group n = 52). RESULTS: The study was completed by 99 participants. However, as the analysis was based on an intention-to-treat approach, all 104 women were included in the final analysis. In the vitamin D group mean serum levels of 25(OH)D3 improved significantly at the end of the follow-up period (+25.5 nmol/L; P = <0.001). Our findings revealed no significant changes in low density lipoproteins, high density lipoproteins and total cholesterol concentrations, but did identify a greater decrease in serum triglycerides in the vitamin D group. The average effect of supplementation on the treated group was -34.24 mg/dL (P = 0.021), while the average treatment effect was -31.8 mg/dL (P = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that supplementation with vitamin D (4000 IU/d) may have a beneficial effect on serum triglyceride levels without otherwise affecting levels of other lipids. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrial.gov; identifier NCT01019642.