The C957T polymorphism in the dopamine receptor D2 gene modulates domain-general category learning.
J Neurophysiol
; 113(9): 3281-90, 2015 May 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25761959
ABSTRACT
Adaptive learning from reward and punishment is vital for human survival. Striatal and frontal dopaminergic activities are associated with adaptive learning. For example, the C957T single nucleotide polymorphism of the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) gene alters striatal D2 receptor availability and affects individuals' adaptive learning ability. Specifically, individuals with the T/T genotype, which is associated with higher striatal D2 availability, show enhanced learning from negative outcomes. Prior work examining DRD2 genetic variability has focused primarily on frontally mediated reflective learning that is under effortful, conscious control. However, less is known about a more automatic, striatally mediated reflexive learning. Here we examined the extent to which this polymorphism differentially influences reflective and reflexive learning across visual and auditory modalities. We employed rule-based (RB) and information-integration (II) category learning paradigms that target reflective and reflexive learning, respectively. Results revealed an advantage in II category learning but poorer RB category learning in T/T homozygotes. The pattern of results was consistent across sensory modalities. These findings suggest that this DRD2 polymorphism exerts opposite influences on domain-general frontally mediated reflective learning and striatally mediated reflexive learning.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Aprendizagem por Associação
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Receptores de Dopamina D2
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Formação de Conceito
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Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Neurophysiol
Ano de publicação:
2015
Tipo de documento:
Article