Morphology of nuclear transcription.
Histochem Cell Biol
; 145(4): 343-58, 2016 Apr.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-26847177
ABSTRACT
Gene expression control is a fundamental determinant of cellular life with transcription being the most important step. The spatial nuclear arrangement of the transcription process driven by RNA polymerases II and III is nonrandomly organized in foci, which is believed to add another regulatory layer on gene expression control. RNA polymerase I transcription takes place within a specialized organelle, the nucleolus. Transcription of ribosomal RNA directly responds to metabolic requirements, which in turn is reflected in the architecture of nucleoli. It differs from that of the other polymerases with respect to the gene template organization, transcription rate, and epigenetic expression control, whereas other features are shared like the formation of DNA loops bringing genes and components of the transcription machinery in close proximity. In recent years, significant advances have been made in the understanding of the structural prerequisites of nuclear transcription, of the arrangement in the nuclear volume, and of the dynamics of these entities. Here, we compare ribosomal RNA and mRNA transcription side by side and review the current understanding focusing on structural aspects of transcription foci, of their constituents, and of the dynamical behavior of these components with respect to foci formation, disassembly, and cell cycle.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
RNA Mensageiro
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RNA Ribossômico
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Ativação Transcricional
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Núcleo Celular
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Histochem Cell Biol
Assunto da revista:
CITOLOGIA
/
HISTOCITOQUIMICA
Ano de publicação:
2016
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Áustria