Pediatric Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy: What Have we Learned from Animal and Human Studies, and Can we Prevent it?
Semin Pediatr Neurol
; 23(2): 127-33, 2016 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27544469
ABSTRACT
Several factors, such as epilepsy syndrome, poor compliance, and increased seizure frequency increase the risks of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Animal models have revealed that the mechanisms of SUDEP involve initially a primary event, often a seizure of sufficient type and severity, that occurs in a brain, which is vulnerable to SUDEP due to either genetic or antecedent factors. This primary event initiates a cascade of secondary events starting, as some models indicate, with cortical spreading depolarization that propagates to the brainstem where it results in autonomic dysfunction. Intrinsic abnormalities in brainstem serotonin, adenosine, sodium-postassium ATPase, and respiratory-control systems are also important. The tertiary event, which results from the above dysfunction, consists of either lethal central apnea, pulmonary edema, or arrhythmia. Currently, it is necessary to (1) continue researching SUDEP mechanisms, (2) work on reducing SUDEP risk factors, and (3) address the major need to counsel families about SUDEP.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Morte Súbita
/
Epilepsia
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Animals
/
Child
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Semin Pediatr Neurol
Assunto da revista:
NEUROLOGIA
/
PEDIATRIA
Ano de publicação:
2016
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Canadá