High-intensity meropenem combinations with polymyxin B: new strategies to overcome carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii.
J Antimicrob Chemother
; 72(1): 153-165, 2017 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27634916
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
The pharmacodynamics of polymyxin/carbapenem combinations against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) are largely unknown. Our objective was to determine whether intensified meropenem regimens in combination with polymyxin B enhance killing and resistance suppression of CRAB.METHODS:
Time-kill experiments for meropenem and polymyxin B combinations were conducted against three polymyxin B-susceptible (MIC of polymyxin Bâ=â0.5 mg/L) CRAB strains with varying meropenem MICs (ATCC 19606, N16870 and 03-149-1; MIC of meropenemâ=â4, 16 and 64 mg/L, respectively) at 108 cfu/mL. A hollow-fibre infection model was then used to simulate humanized regimens of polymyxin B and meropenem (2, 4, 6 and 8 g prolonged infusions every 8 h) versus N16870 at 108 cfu/mL over 14 days. New mathematical mechanism-based models were developed using S-ADAPT.RESULTS:
Time-kill experiments were well described by the mathematical mechanism-based models, with the presence of polymyxin B drastically decreasing the meropenem concentration needed for half-maximal activity against meropenem-resistant populations from 438 to 82.1 (ATCC 19606), 158 to 93.6 (N16870) and 433 to 76.0 mg/L (03-149-1). The maximum killing effect of combination treatment was similar among all three strains despite divergent meropenem MIC values (Emaxâ=â2.13, 2.08 and 2.15; MIC of meropenemâ=â4, 16 and 64 mg/L, respectively). Escalating the dose of meropenem in hollow-fibre combination regimens from 2 g every 8 h to 8 g every 8 h resulted in killing that progressed from a >2.5 log10 cfu/mL reduction with regrowth by 72 h (2 g every 8 h) to complete eradication by 336 h (8 g every 8 h).CONCLUSION:
Intensified meropenem dosing in combination with polymyxin B may offer a unique strategy to kill CRAB irrespective of the meropenem MIC.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Polimixina B
/
Tienamicinas
/
Resistência beta-Lactâmica
/
Acinetobacter baumannii
/
Antibacterianos
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Antimicrob Chemother
Ano de publicação:
2017
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos