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The risk of eating disorders comorbid with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Nazar, Bruno Palazzo; Bernardes, Camila; Peachey, Gemma; Sergeant, Joseph; Mattos, Paulo; Treasure, Janet.
Afiliação
  • Nazar BP; Institute of Psychiatry (IPUB-UFRJ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
  • Bernardes C; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IOPPN), King's College, London.
  • Peachey G; D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
  • Sergeant J; South London and the Maudsley National Health Trust (SLaM - NHS), London.
  • Mattos P; Vrjie Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Treasure J; Institute of Psychiatry (IPUB-UFRJ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Int J Eat Disord ; 49(12): 1045-1057, 2016 Dec.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27859581
OBJECTIVE: There has been interest in whether people with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are at higher risk of developing an Eating Disorder (ED). The aim of this study was estimate the size of this association with a meta-analysis of studies. METHODS: We retrieved studies following PRISMA guidelines from a broad range of databases. RESULTS: Twelve studies fitted our primary aim in investigating ED in ADHD populations (ADHD = 4,013/Controls = 29,404), and five exploring ADHD in ED populations (ED = 1,044/Controls = 11,292). The pooled odds ratio of diagnosing any ED in ADHD was increased significantly, 3.82 (95% CI:2.34-6.24). A similar level of risk was found across all ED syndromes [Anorexia Nervosa = 4.28 (95% CI:2.24-8.16); Bulimia Nervosa = 5.71 (95% CI: 3.56-9.16) and Binge Eating Disorder = 4.13 (95% CI:3-5.67)]. The risk was significantly higher if ADHD was diagnosed using a clinical interview [5.89 (95% CI:4.32-8.04)] rather than a self-report instrument [2.23 (95% CI:1.23-4.03)]. The pooled odds ratio of diagnosing ADHD in participants with ED was significantly increased, 2.57 (95% CI:1.30-5.11). Subgroup analysis of cohorts with binge eating only yielded a risk of 5.77 (95% CI:2.35-14.18). None of the variables examined in meta-regression procedures explained the variance in effect size between studies. DISCUSSION: People with ADHD have a higher risk of comorbidity with an ED and people with an ED also have higher levels of comorbidity with ADHD. Future studies should address if patients with this comorbidity have a different prognosis, course and treatment response when compared to patients with either disorder alone. RESUMEN OBJETIVO: Ha habido interés en saber si la gente con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) están en mayor riesgo de desarrollar un Trastorno de la Conducta Alimentaria (TCA). El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar el tamaño de esta asociación con un meta-análisis de los estudios. Métodos: Recuperamos estudios de una amplia gama base de datos,  que siguen los lineamientos PRISMA. Resultados: Doce estudios encajaron con nuestro objetivo primario de investigar los TCA en poblaciones con TDAH (TDAH = 4,013/Controles = 29,404), y 5 exploraron TDAH en poblaciones con TCA (TCA = 1,044/Controles = 11,292). El odds ratio (OR) agrupado de diagnosticar cualquier TCA en el TDAH se incrementó significativamente, 3.82 (95% CI:2.34-6.24). Un nivel de riesgo similar fue encontrado en todos los síndromes de TCA [Anorexia Nervosa = 4.28 (95% CI:2.24-8.16); Bulimia Nervosa = 5.71 (95% CI:3.56-9.16) y Trastorno por Atracón = 4.13 (95% CI: 3-5.67)]. El riesgo fue significativamente mayor si el TDAH fue diagnosticado utilizando una entrevista clínica [5.89 (95% CI:4.32-8.04)] en lugar de un instrumento de auto-reporte [2.23 (95% CI:1.23-4.03)]. El odds ratio (OR) agrupado de diagnosticar TDAH en participantes con TCA fue significativamente incrementado, 2.57 (95% CI:1.30-5.11). El análisis de los subgrupos de cohort con atracones solamente produjo un riesgo de 5.77 (95% CI:2.35-14.18). Ninguna de las variables examinadas en los procedimientos de meta-regresión explicaron la varianza en el tamaño del efecto entre los estudios. Discusión: La gente con TDAH tiene un mayor riesgo de comorbilidad con un TCA y la gente con un TCA también tiene niveles altos de comorbilidad con TDAH. Los estudios futuros deberán abordar si los pacientes con esta comorbilidad tienen diferente pronóstico, curso y respuesta a tratamiento cuando son comparados con pacientes que solamente tienen uno de los trastornos.  © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016) © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:1045-1057).
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Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade / Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos Tipo de estudo: Etiology_studies / Guideline / Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies / Qualitative_research / Risk_factors_studies / Systematic_reviews Limite: Adolescent / Adult / Child / Female / Humans / Male Idioma: En Revista: Int J Eat Disord Ano de publicação: 2016 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Brasil

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade / Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos Tipo de estudo: Etiology_studies / Guideline / Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies / Qualitative_research / Risk_factors_studies / Systematic_reviews Limite: Adolescent / Adult / Child / Female / Humans / Male Idioma: En Revista: Int J Eat Disord Ano de publicação: 2016 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Brasil