Adipose fatty acid composition and the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmias in acute myocardial infarction.

ABSTRACT

The relation between subcutaneous adipose tissue fatty acid composition and serious ventricular arrhythmias during acute myocardial infarction was studied in 2 groups of patients. In group 1 (n = 42), studied retrospectively, patients with ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia had a higher concentration of long-chain saturated fatty acids than those without (32.5 +/- 0.8% vs 29.7 +/- 0.4% [mean +/- standard error of the mean], p less than 0.01). In a prospective study, patients with arrhythmias (n = 106) had higher levels of long-chain saturated fatty acids (32.1 +/- 0.5% vs 30.7 +/- 0.4%, p less than 0.05) and of stearic acid (4.9 +/- 0.2% vs 4.4 +/- 0.1%, p less than 0.02) and a lower concentration of palmitoleic acid (7.3 +/- 0.3% vs 8.1 +/- 0.2%, p less than 0.005). When peak plasma creatine kinase concentrations were included with the individual fatty acid levels in a multiple logistic regression, only creatine kinase correlated significantly with ventricular arrhythmias (p less than 0.01). Thus, saturated fatty acids in cardiac membranes may lead to greater vulnerability to ventricular arrhythmias, although infarct size is the only statistically significant predictor after multiple regression analysis.