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Spaceflight-Induced Intracranial Hypertension and Visual Impairment: Pathophysiology and Countermeasures.
Zhang, Li-Fan; Hargens, Alan R.
Afiliação
  • Zhang LF; Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California.
  • Hargens AR; Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California.
Physiol Rev ; 98(1): 59-87, 2018 01 01.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29167331
Visual impairment intracranial pressure (VIIP) syndrome is considered an unexplained major risk for future long-duration spaceflight. NASA recently redefined this syndrome as Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS). Evidence thus reviewed supports that chronic, mildly elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) in space (as opposed to more variable ICP with posture and activity on Earth) is largely accounted for by loss of hydrostatic pressures and altered hemodynamics in the intracranial circulation and the cerebrospinal fluid system. In space, an elevated pressure gradient across the lamina cribrosa, caused by a chronic but mildly elevated ICP, likely elicits adaptations of multiple structures and fluid systems in the eye which manifest themselves as the VIIP syndrome. A chronic mismatch between ICP and intraocular pressure (IOP) in space may acclimate the optic nerve head, lamina cribrosa, and optic nerve subarachnoid space to a condition that is maladaptive to Earth, all contributing to the pathogenesis of space VIIP syndrome. Relevant findings help to evaluate whether artificial gravity is an appropriate countermeasure to prevent this seemingly adverse effect of long-duration spaceflight.
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Postura / Voo Espacial / Transtornos da Visão / Pressão Intracraniana / Hipertensão Intracraniana / Pressão Intraocular Tipo de estudo: Etiology_studies Limite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: Physiol Rev Ano de publicação: 2018 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Postura / Voo Espacial / Transtornos da Visão / Pressão Intracraniana / Hipertensão Intracraniana / Pressão Intraocular Tipo de estudo: Etiology_studies Limite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: Physiol Rev Ano de publicação: 2018 Tipo de documento: Article