Main steps in DNA double-strand break repair: an introduction to homologous recombination and related processes.
Chromosoma
; 127(2): 187-214, 2018 06.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29327130
ABSTRACT
DNA double-strand breaks arise accidentally upon exposure of DNA to radiation and chemicals or result from faulty DNA metabolic processes. DNA breaks can also be introduced in a programmed manner, such as during the maturation of the immune system, meiosis, or cancer chemo- or radiotherapy. Cells have developed a variety of repair pathways, which are fine-tuned to the specific needs of a cell. Accordingly, vegetative cells employ mechanisms that restore the integrity of broken DNA with the highest efficiency at the lowest cost of mutagenesis. In contrast, meiotic cells or developing lymphocytes exploit DNA breakage to generate diversity. Here, we review the main pathways of eukaryotic DNA double-strand break repair with the focus on homologous recombination and its various subpathways. We highlight the differences between homologous recombination and end-joining mechanisms including non-homologous end-joining and microhomology-mediated end-joining and offer insights into how these pathways are regulated. Finally, we introduce noncanonical functions of the recombination proteins, in particular during DNA replication stress.
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Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
DNA
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Proteínas Nucleares
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Replicação do DNA
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Quebras de DNA de Cadeia Dupla
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Reparo do DNA por Junção de Extremidades
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Reparo de DNA por Recombinação
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Chromosoma
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
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