Impairment of perceptual metacognitive accuracy and reduced prefrontal grey matter volume in first-episode psychosis.
Cogn Neuropsychiatry
; 23(3): 165-179, 2018 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29485348
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Metacognition, or "thinking about thinking", is a higher-order thought process that allows for the evaluation of perceptual processes for accuracy. Metacognitive accuracy is associated with the grey matter volume (GMV) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), an area also impacted in schizophrenia. The present study set out to investigate whether deficits in metacognitive accuracy are present in the early stages of psychosis.METHODS:
Metacognitive accuracy in first-episode psychosis (FEP) was assessed on a perceptual decision-making task and their performance compared to matched healthy control participants (N = 18). A novel signal detection theory approach was used to model metacognitive sensitivity independently from objective perceptual performance. A voxel-based morphometry investigation was also conducted on GMV.RESULTS:
We found that the FEP group demonstrated significantly worse metacognitive accuracy compared to controls (p = .039). Importantly, GMV deficits were also observed in the superior frontal gyrus. The findings suggest a specific deficit in this processing domain to exist at first episode; however, no relationship was found between GMV and metacognitive accuracy.CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings support the notion that an inability to accurately scrutinise perception may underpin functional deficits observed in later schizophrenia; however, the exact neural basis of metacognitive deficits in FEP remains elusive.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtornos Psicóticos
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Córtex Pré-Frontal
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Substância Cinzenta
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Metacognição
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Cogn Neuropsychiatry
Assunto da revista:
NEUROLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Reino Unido