24/7 usage of continence pads and quality of life impairment in women with urinary incontinence.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To compare quality of life (QoL) in women with urinary incontinence (UI) using continence pads during the day versus all day and night; to identify risk factors for a 24-hour pad use; to calculate quality-adjusted life years (QALY). METHODS: A cross-sectional study in 331 women with lower urinary tract symptoms referred to urogynaecologic examination was conducted. Main outcome measures were the scores of King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ), clinical data, and KHQ-derived utility values. RESULTS: A total of 270 women with UI were recruited 176 (57.3%) using continence pads only during the day (group I) and 94 (30.6%) for 24 hours (group II). The groups did not differ in terms of age, menopause, parity, type of UI, stage of POP-Q, and percentage of sexually active subjects. Group II had significantly higher body mass index (BMI) and lower education than group I (P < 0.05). QoL was significantly deteriorated in group II in KHQ Global score and in all domains except one (General Health). Risk factors for 24 hours pad use were as follows BMI ≥ 30 vs BMI 25-30 (OR = 2.02 (1.09-3.73), P = 0.037), higher scores in KHQ Severity measures (OR = 1.03 (1.02-1.04), P < 0.001), KHQ Global score (OR = 1.03 (1.02-1.05), P < 0.001) and primary compared to secondary (OR = 0.4 (0.19-0.84)) or higher education (OR = 0.41 (0.18-0.94), P < 0.05). Annual QALY was significantly lower in group II (0.9288 ± 0.03 vs 0.9432 ± 0.03, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: One-third of women with UI used continence pads for 24 hours. Among these patients QoL and QALY were found lower compared to women using continence pads only during the day. KHQ Severity measures domain was an independent predictor for a 24-hour usage of continence pads.