Mechanisms of sex differences in atrial fibrillation: role of hormones and differences in electrophysiology, structure, function, and remodelling.
Europace
; 21(3): 366-376, 2019 Mar 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30351414
ABSTRACT
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the clinically most prevalent rhythm disorder with large impact on quality of life and increased risk for hospitalizations and mortality in both men and women. In recent years, knowledge regarding epidemiology, risk factors, and patho-physiological mechanisms of AF has greatly increased. Sex differences have been identified in the prevalence, clinical presentation, associated comorbidities, and therapy outcomes of AF. Although it is known that age-related prevalence of AF is lower in women than in men, women have worse and often atypical symptoms and worse quality of life as well as a higher risk for adverse events such as stroke and death associated with AF. In this review, we evaluate what is known about sex differences in AF mechanisms-covering structural, electrophysiological, and hormonal factors-and underscore areas of knowledge gaps for future studies. Increasing our understanding of mechanisms accounting for these sex differences in AF is important both for prognostic purposes and the optimization of (targeted, mechanism-based, and sex-specific) therapeutic approaches.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Fibrilação Atrial
/
Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais
/
Potenciais de Ação
/
Remodelação Ventricular
/
Disparidades nos Níveis de Saúde
/
Átrios do Coração
/
Frequência Cardíaca
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Animals
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Europace
Assunto da revista:
CARDIOLOGIA
/
FISIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Alemanha