Spatial Analysis of Corneal Densitometry, Thickness Profile, and Volume Distribution After Uneventful Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To present normative corneal densitometry (CD), thickness (CT), and volume (CV) after uneventful Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). METHODS: Medical records of 212 consecutive surgeries were reviewed. One hundred cases without intraoperative and postoperative complications were included (group 1). Scheimpflug CD of the optically relevant 0- to 2-mm zone and 2- to 6-mm annulus, CT at the 2-, 4-, and 6-mm rings, and CV at the 3-, 5-, and 7-mm zones were evaluated preoperatively and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. The 24-month results were compared with an age-matched group of uncomplicated pseudophakic eyes (group 2; n = 20) and a group of healthy, young subjects (group 3; n = 30). RESULTS: Total CD at 0 to 2 mm was 33.9 ± 10.7 grayscale units preoperatively and decreased to 20.3 ± 4.7 at 24 months (P < 0.001), being significantly higher compared with both control groups (P ≤ 0.026). Total CD at 2 to 6 mm was 27.9 ± 8.1 preoperatively and decreased to 20.2 ± 4.6 at 24 months (P < 0.001), showing no statistically significant difference compared with group 2 (P = 0.061). At 24 months, group 1 showed a similar central CT, CT at the 2-mm and 4-mm rings compared with group 2 (P ≥ 0.440); however, CT at 6 mm increased significantly (P = 0.008). CV at 3, 5, and 7 m decreased significantly at 24 months (P < 0.001), showing no significant differences compared with both control groups (P ≥ 0.122). CONCLUSIONS: Twenty four months after uneventful DMEK, CT within the central 4-mm zone and CV at the 3-, 5-, and 7-mm zones were similar to uncomplicated pseudophakic eyes. The total CD at the 0- to 2-mm zone and midperipheral CT at the 6-mm ring were higher compared with the pseudophakic controls.