Incidence of osmotic demyelination syndrome in Sweden: A nationwide study.
Acta Neurol Scand
; 140(5): 342-349, 2019 Nov.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31343728
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To report the incidence rate of osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS), associated risk factors, treatment, and long-term outcomes in a nationwide cohort.METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective study of individuals diagnosed with central pontine myelinolysis (ICD-10 code G37.2) in the Swedish National Patient Register during 1997-2011.RESULTS:
During the study period, we identified 83 individuals with ODS, 47 women and 36 men. Median age at diagnosis was 55 years. The incidence rate of ODS for the entire study period was 0.611 (95% CI 0.490-0.754) per million person-years and increased during the study period from 0.271 (95% CI 0.147-0.460) in 1997-2001 to 0.945 (95% CI 0.677-1.234) individuals per million person-years in 2007-2011. Most cases (86.7%) were hyponatremic with a median sodium level at admission of 104 mmol/L. All hyponatremic cases were chronic. The cause of hyponatremia was multifactorial, including drugs (56.9%), polydipsia (31.9%), and vomiting or diarrhea (41.7%). A majority of patients (69.9%) were alcoholics. Hyponatremic patients were predominantly treated with isotonic saline (93.1%) and only 4.2% with hypotonic fluids. The median correction rate was 0.72 mmol/L/h. Only six patients were corrected in accordance with national guidelines (≤8 mmol/L/24/h). At three months, 7.2% had died and 60.2% were functionally independent (modified Rankin Scale 0-2).INTERPRETATION:
We found an increasing incidence during the study period, which could partly be explained by increased access to magnetic resonance imaging. ODS occurs predominantly in patients with extreme chronic hyponatremia which is corrected too fast with isotonic saline. Most patients survived and became functionally independent.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Mielinólise Central da Ponte
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Guideline
/
Incidence_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Acta Neurol Scand
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Islândia