A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Test of Memory Malingering in adults: Two decades of deception detection.
Clin Neuropsychol
; 34(1): 88-119, 2020 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31357918
ABSTRACT
Objective:
The present study, adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) to examine traditional and alternative cutoffs across Trial 1, Trial 2, and Retention.Method:
Search criteria identified 539 articles published from 1997 to 2017. After application of selection criteria, 60 articles were retained for meta-analysis. Classification accuracy statistics were calculated using fixed- and random-effects models.Results:
For Trial 1, a cutoff of <42 was found to result in the highest sensitivity value (0.59-0.70) when maintaining specificity at ≥0.90. Traditional cutoffs for Trial 2 and Retention were highly specific (0.96-0.98) and moderately sensitive (0.46-0.56) when considering all available studies and only neurocognitive/psychiatric samples classified by known-groups design. For both trials, a modified cutoff of <49 allowed for improved sensitivity (0.59-0.70) while maintaining adequate specificity (0.91-0.97). A supplementary review revealed that traditional TOMM cutoffs produced >0.90 specificity across most samples of examinees for whom English is not the primary language, but well-below acceptable levels in individuals with dementia.Conclusions:
The TOMM is highly specific when interpreted per traditional cutoffs. In individuals not suspected of significant impairment, findings indicate that a less conservative TOMM Trial 2 or Retention cutoff of <49 can be interpreted as invalid, especially in settings associated with higher base rates of invalidity and, thus, higher positive predictive power. A cutoff of <42 on Trial 1 can also be interpreted as invalid in most settings.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Testes de Memória e Aprendizagem
/
Simulação de Doença
/
Testes Neuropsicológicos
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Systematic_reviews
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Neuropsychol
Assunto da revista:
NEUROLOGIA
/
PSICOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos