Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in HIV-1-infected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy.
HIV Res Clin Pract
; 20(6): 131-139, 2019 12.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32065065
ABSTRACT
Objectives:
Vitamin D insufficiency has been associated with faster progression of atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular disease risk, but limited data are available in HIV-infected people. So, we examined potential correlation between vitamin D status and atherosclerosis in people living with HIV.Methods:
A cross-sectional study was performed including adult HIV-infected patients on stable antiretroviral therapy, aged 40-60 years, and with a recent carotid ultrasonography. Subclinical atherosclerosis was defined as a carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) ≥0.9 mm at any site. Patients with diabetes mellitus or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were excluded.Results:
On the whole, 188 patients were enrolled 86.2% were men and the mean age was 49.1 years. The mean CD4 T lymphocyte count was 567 cells/mm3, 176 (93.6%) had plasma HIV RNA <20 copies/mL, 51.1% were smoker, 29.2% had hypertension, 27.7% metabolic syndrome, and 44.7% LDL cholesterol >150 mg/dL. The mean serum concentration of vitamin D was 35.2 ng/mL, and 84 (44.6%) patients had a vitamin D insufficiency (<30 ng/mL). Subclinical atherosclerosis was reported in 105 (55.8%) and the mean vitamin D concentration was significantly lower among patients with subclinical atherosclerosis than among those without (18.2 vs 41.3 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Moreover, the multivariate linear regression analysis adjusted by confounding factors showed an independent association between subclinical atherosclerosis and vitamin D insufficiency, age >50 years, smoking, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, higher BMI, higher LDL cholesterol, longer duration of HIV infection, lower nadir CD4 cell count, and longer exposure to boosted protease inhibitors.Conclusion:
In our study, vitamin D insufficiency is significantly associated with subclinical atherosclerosis, so its role in HIV-associated cardiovascular disease should be further evaluated as a possible target for intervention.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Deficiência de Vitamina D
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Infecções por HIV
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Antirretrovirais
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Aterosclerose
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
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Observational_studies
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Prevalence_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
HIV Res Clin Pract
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Itália