Cell Type- and Sex-Specific Dysregulation of Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Placentas in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.
Int J Mol Sci
; 21(11)2020 Jun 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32517091
ABSTRACT
Thyroid hormones are essential for development of trophoblasts and the fetus. They also regulate a wide range of metabolic processes. We investigated the influence of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on thyroid hormone receptor (THR) isoforms THRα1, THRα2, THRß1 and THRß2 of the human placenta in a sex- and cell-type specific manner. Term placental tissue was obtained from women with (n = 40) or without GDM (control; n = 40). THRs levels were measured by semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry and real-time qRT-PCR. We localized THR immunostaining in syncytiotrophoblast (SCT), which was the tissue with the strongest signal. Double immunofluorescence identified THR in decidual cells in the stroma and in extravillous cytotrophoblasts. GDM did not change THRα1 immunolabelling intensity in decidua, but was associated with a stronger immunolabelling in SCT compared to GDM (p < 0.05). The SCT difference of GDM vs. control was strongest (p < 0.01) in female placentas. THRα2 was only weakly present and immunolabelling was weaker (p < 0.05) in SCT of only male GDM placentas in comparison to male controls. THRß1/ß2 immunostaining was weak in all cell types without changes in GDM. However, more THRß1/2 protein was present (p < 0.001) in male than female placentas. All these protein changes were paralleled by changes of THR transcript levels. The data show that THR are expressed in term trophoblast in relation to fetal sex. Maternal GDM influences predominantly THRα1 in SCT, with the strongest GDM effect in SCT of female placentas.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Placenta
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Receptores dos Hormônios Tireóideos
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Regulação da Expressão Gênica
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Diabetes Gestacional
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
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Etiology_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Pregnancy
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Mol Sci
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Alemanha