Baricitinib: A Review of Pharmacology, Safety, and Emerging Clinical Experience in COVID-19.
Pharmacotherapy
; 40(8): 843-856, 2020 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32542785
ABSTRACT
A hyperinflammatory response to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, reminiscent of cytokine release syndrome, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome and organ damage in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Agents that inhibit components of the pro-inflammatory cascade have garnered interest as potential treatment options with hopes that dampening the proinflammatory process may improve clinical outcomes. Baricitinib is a reversible Janus-associated kinase (JAK)-inhibitor that interrupts the signaling of multiple cytokines implicated in COVID-19 immunopathology. It may also have antiviral effects by targeting host factors that viruses rely for cell entry and by suppressing type I interferon driven angiotensin-converting-enzyme-2 upregulation. However, baricitinib's immunosuppressive effects may be detrimental during acute viral infections by delaying viral clearance and increasing vulnerability to secondary opportunistic infections. The lack of reliable biomarkers to monitor patients' immune status as illness evolves complicates deployment of immunosuppressive drugs like baricitinib. Furthermore, baricitinib carries the risk of increased thromboembolic events, which is concerning given the proclivity towards a hypercoagulable state in patients with COVID-19. In this article, we review available data on baricitinib with an emphasis on immunosuppressive and antiviral pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, safety, and current progress in COVID-19 clinical trials.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Pneumonia Viral
/
Sulfonamidas
/
Azetidinas
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Infecções por Coronavirus
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Janus Quinases
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Inflamação
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Pharmacotherapy
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Canadá