Ballast Water Exchange Plus Treatment Lowers Species Invasion Rate in Freshwater Ecosystems.
Environ Sci Technol
; 55(1): 82-89, 2021 01 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33327717
ABSTRACT
The movement of ballast water by commercial shipping is a prominent pathway for aquatic invasions. Ships' ballast water management is now transitioning from open ocean exchange to a ballast water performance standard that will effectively require use of onboard treatment systems. Neither strategy is perfect, therefore, combined use of ballast water exchange plus treatment has been suggested to provide greatest protection of aquatic ecosystems. This study compared the performance of exchange plus treatment against treatment alone by modeling establishment rates of nonindigenous zooplankton introduced by ballast water across different habitat types (fresh, brackish, and marine) in Canada. Treatment was modeled under two efficacy scenarios (100% and 50% of ship trips) to consider the possibility that treatment may not always be successful. The model results indicate that exchange plus treatment will be more effective than treatment alone at reducing establishments when recipient ports are freshwater (58â¯140 vs 11â¯338 trips until ≥1 establishment occurs, respectively). Exchange plus treatment also serves as an important backup strategy if treatment systems are partially effective (50% of trips), primarily for freshwater recipient ecosystems (1442 versus 585 trips until ≥1 establishment occurs, respectively).
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Água
/
Ecossistema
Limite:
Animals
País/Região como assunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Environ Sci Technol
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Canadá