Homotypic and Heterotypic Protection and Risk of Reinfection Following Natural Norovirus Infection in a Highly Endemic Setting.
Clin Infect Dis
; 72(2): 222-229, 2021 01 27.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33501947
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Norovirus is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide, yet there is limited information on homotypic or heterotypic protection following natural infection to guide vaccine development.METHODS:
A total of 6020 stools collected from 299 Peruvian children between 2010 and 2014 were tested by norovirus real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction followed by sequence-based genotyping. Cox proportional hazards models were used to derive adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of infection among children with vs without prior exposure.RESULTS:
Norovirus was detected in 1288 (21.3%) samples. GII.4 (26%), GII.6 (19%), and GI.3 (9%) viruses accounted for 54% of infections. Homotypic protection for GI.3 (HR, 0.35; Pâ =â .015), GI.7 (HR, 0.19; Pâ =â .022), GII.4 (HR, 0.39; Pâ <â .001), and GII.6 (HR, 0.52; Pâ =â .006) infections was observed. Hazard analysis showed that children with prior GII.4 infection exhibited heterotypic protection with a 48% reduction of subsequent GI.3 infection (HR, 0.52; Pâ =â .005). Prior exposure to GI.3, GII.2, and GII.17 infections enhanced susceptibility to subsequent infections with several other norovirus genotypes.CONCLUSIONS:
Children up to 2 years of age infected with GII.4 noroviruses demonstrated both homotypic and heterotypic protection to reinfection with other genotypes. These data support the need for ongoing vaccine development efforts with GII.4 as the main component and caution the inclusion of genotypes that may enhance susceptibility to infections.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Infecções por Caliciviridae
/
Norovirus
/
Gastroenterite
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Child
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Infect Dis
Assunto da revista:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos