Use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and prognosis of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes: A propensity score analysis from the CORONADO study.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To investigate the association between routine use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in patient with type 2 diabetes in a large multicentric study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a secondary analysis of the CORONADO study on 2449 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) hospitalized for COVID-19 in 68 French centres. The composite primary endpoint combined tracheal intubation for mechanical ventilation and death within 7 days of admission. Stabilized weights were computed for patients based on propensity score (DPP-4 inhibitors users vs. non-users) and were used in multivariable logistic regression models to estimate the average treatment effect in the treated as inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). RESULTS: Five hundred and ninety-six participants were under DPP-4 inhibitors before admission to hospital (24.3%). The primary outcome occurred at similar rates in users and non-users of DPP-4 inhibitors (27.7% vs. 28.6%; p = .68). In propensity analysis, the IPTW-adjusted models showed no significant association between the use of DPP-4 inhibitors and the primary outcome by Day 7 (OR [95% CI] 0.95 [0.77-1.17]) or Day 28 (OR [95% CI] 0.96 [0.78-1.17]). Similar neutral findings were found between use of DPP-4 inhibitors and the risk of tracheal intubation and death. CONCLUSIONS: These data support the safety of DPP-4 inhibitors for diabetes management during the COVID-19 pandemic and they should not be discontinued.