Unique environmental Symbiodiniaceae diversity at an isolated island in the northwestern Pacific.
Mol Phylogenet Evol
; 161: 107158, 2021 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33753192
ABSTRACT
Dinoflagellates in the family Symbiodiniaceae are intensively investigated as algal symbionts of corals and other invertebrates, underpinning coral reef ecosystems as primary producers. Diversity, including regional diversification, of free-living communities is less studied. In this study, an environmental Symbiodiniaceae community at an isolated island, Okinotori Island, Japan, was investigated to determine whether the community is endemic or common with other locations near continents and major ocean currents. Symbiotic algae in common corals at the island were the same type as those of the corals from other Japanese waters. In the environmental samples, genera Symbiodinium (formerly clade A), Cladocopium (clade C), Durusdinium (clade D), and clades F (including Freudenthalidium), G, and I, were identified through analysis of internal transcribed spacer region 2 of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (ITS2) sequences. Interestingly, some sequences found were genetically different from those of previously reported genera/clades. These unknown sequences were genetically included in the Symbiodiniaceae linage, but they were differentiated from the previously known nine clades. The sequences formed a cluster in the phylogenetic tree based on 28S nrDNA. These sequences were thus considered members of a novel clade in the family (clade J). In total, 120 kinds of ITS2 sequences were produced; while 10 were identical to previously reported sequences, the majority were highly divergent. These genetically unique Symbiodiniaceae types, including novel clade J, may have evolved in isolation and reflect the environmental characteristics of the Okinotori Island.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Dinoflagellida
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Biodiversidade
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Recifes de Corais
/
Ilhas
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Mol Phylogenet Evol
Assunto da revista:
BIOLOGIA
/
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article