Benzodiazepine-induced photosensitivity reactions: A compilation of cases from literature review with Naranjo causality assessment.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed
; 37(6): 505-510, 2021 Nov.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33966295
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
Benzodiazepines have been reported to cause photosensitivity reactions. We characterized the clinical presentation and diagnosis of benzodiazepine-associated photosensitivity and adjudicated these cases for a causal association with benzodiazepines.METHODS:
A literature search on PubMed's "MeSH" search feature and CINAHL (1964 to 2019) was performed using search terms benzodiazepine, photosensitivity, and photosensitivity disorders/chemically induced. We applied the Naranjo scale, a standardized causality assessment algorithm, to identified cases.RESULTS:
We identified eight published cases, with 50% of patients being female with a mean age of 46.3 years. Alprazolam, tetrazepam, clobazam, and clorazepate induced phototoxic reactions. Chlordiazepoxide induced one photoallergic reaction. Photosensitivity occurred between 1-3 days (37.5%), 7-14 days (25%), and >14 days (25%). Photosensitivity resolved after drug discontinuation within 2 weeks (62.5%). Benzodiazepine rechallenge confirmed photosensitivity in 75% of cases. Photopatch testing was negative in two patients; however, these patients had positive oral provocation testing. However, an oral photoprovocation test, an ideal diagnostic test, was not administered to several patients. Despite these challenges, the Naranjo scale identified 5 cases as definite benzodiazepine-induced photosensitivity.CONCLUSION:
Five benzodiazepines induced photosensitivity reactions. Five patients showed a definite association with the Naranjo scale. Reporting to pharmacovigilance databases may help identify other benzodiazepines causing photosensitivity reactions.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtornos de Fotossensibilidade
/
Dermatite Fototóxica
/
Dermatite Fotoalérgica
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed
Assunto da revista:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
/
DERMATOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos