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Aging Enhances Neural Activity in Auditory, Visual, and Somatosensory Cortices: The Common Cause Revisited.
Alain, Claude; Chow, Ricky; Lu, Jing; Rabi, Rahel; Sharma, Vivek V; Shen, Dawei; Anderson, Nicole D; Binns, Malcolm; Hasher, Lynn; Yao, Dezhong; Freedman, Morris.
Afiliação
  • Alain C; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada calain@research.baycrest.org.
  • Chow R; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 3G3, Canada.
  • Lu J; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
  • Rabi R; Music and Health Sciences, Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1C5, Canada.
  • Sharma VV; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada.
  • Shen D; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
  • Anderson ND; Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
  • Binns M; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada.
  • Hasher L; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada.
  • Yao D; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada.
  • Freedman M; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada.
J Neurosci ; 42(2): 264-275, 2022 01 12.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34772740
ABSTRACT
In humans, age-related declines in vision, hearing, and touch coincide with changes in amplitude and latency of sensory-evoked potentials. These age-related differences in neural activity may be related to a common deterioration of supra-modal brain areas (e.g., PFC) that mediate activity in sensory cortices or reflect specific sensorineural impairments that may differ between sensory modalities. To distinguish between these two possibilities, we measured neuroelectric brain activity while 37 young adults (18-30 years, 18 males) and 35 older adults (60-88 years, 20 males) were presented with a rapid randomized sequence of lateralized auditory, visual, and somatosensory stimuli. Within each sensory domain, we compared amplitudes and latencies of sensory-evoked responses, source activity, and functional connectivity (via phase-locking value) between groups. We found that older adults' early sensory-evoked responses were greater in amplitude than those of young adults in all three modalities, which coincided with enhanced source activity in auditory, visual, and somatosensory cortices. Older adults also showed stronger neural synchrony than young adults between superior prefrontal and sensory cortices; and in older adults, the degree of phase synchrony was positively correlated with the magnitude of source activity in sensory areas. Critically, older adults who showed enhanced neural activity in one sensory domain also showed enhanced activity in other modalities. Together, these findings support the common cause hypothesis of aging and highlight the role of prefrontal regions in exerting top-down control over sensory cortices.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A prominent theory of aging posits that age-related declines in sensory processing across domains are related to a single common neurobiological mechanism. However, the neural evidence supporting this common cause hypothesis has remained elusive. Our study revealed robust age-related changes in three sensory domains across a range of neural metrics. Importantly, older adults who showed increased neural activity within one sensory domain also showed enhanced neural activity in the other two sensory modalities. No such relation among activity in sensory cortices was observed in young adults. Age-related increases in neural activity in sensory cortices coincided with enhanced neural synchrony between the PFC and sensory cortices, underlining the importance of the PFC in regulating sensory processing.
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Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Córtex Auditivo / Córtex Somatossensorial / Córtex Visual / Envelhecimento / Neurônios Tipo de estudo: Clinical_trials Limite: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Idioma: En Revista: J Neurosci Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Canadá

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Córtex Auditivo / Córtex Somatossensorial / Córtex Visual / Envelhecimento / Neurônios Tipo de estudo: Clinical_trials Limite: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Idioma: En Revista: J Neurosci Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Canadá