Pushing Past the Blockade: Advancements in T Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapies.
Front Immunol
; 12: 777073, 2021.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34868044
ABSTRACT
Successful cancer immunotherapies rely on a replete and functional immune compartment. Within the immune compartment, T cells are often the effector arm of immune-based strategies due to their potent cytotoxic capabilities. However, many tumors have evolved a variety of mechanisms to evade T cell-mediated killing. Thus, while many T cell-based immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, have achieved considerable success in some solid cancers and hematological malignancies, these therapies often fail in solid tumors due to tumor-imposed T cell dysfunctions. These dysfunctional mechanisms broadly include reduced T cell access into and identification of tumors, as well as an overall immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that elicits T cell exhaustion. Therefore, novel, rational approaches are necessary to overcome the barriers to T cell function elicited by solid tumors. In this review, we will provide an overview of conventional immunotherapeutic strategies and the various barriers to T cell anti-tumor function encountered in solid tumors that lead to resistance. We will also explore a sampling of emerging strategies specifically aimed to bypass these tumor-imposed boundaries to T cell-based immunotherapies.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Linfócitos T
/
Imunoterapia
/
Neoplasias
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
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Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Front Immunol
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos