Anterior-posterior pattern formation in ciliates.
J Eukaryot Microbiol
; 69(5): e12890, 2022 09.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35075744
ABSTRACT
As single cells, ciliates build, duplicate, and even regenerate complex cortical patterns by largely unknown mechanisms that precisely position organelles along two cell-wide axes anterior-posterior and circumferential (left-right). We review our current understanding of intracellular patterning along the anterior-posterior axis in ciliates, with emphasis on how the new pattern emerges during cell division. We focus on the recent progress at the molecular level that has been driven by the discovery of genes whose mutations cause organelle positioning defects in the model ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila. These investigations have revealed a network of highly conserved kinases that are confined to either anterior or posterior domains in the cell cortex. These pattern-regulating kinases create zones of cortical inhibition that by exclusion determine the precise placement of organelles. We discuss observations and models derived from classical microsurgical experiments in large ciliates (including Stentor) and interpret them in light of recent molecular findings in Tetrahymena. In particular, we address the involvement of intracellular gradients as vehicles for positioning organelles along the anterior-posterior axis.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Tetrahymena thermophila
/
Cilióforos
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Eukaryot Microbiol
Assunto da revista:
MICROBIOLOGIA
/
PARASITOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos