Mechanisms of Formation, Structure, and Dynamics of Lipoprotein Discs Stabilized by Amphiphilic Copolymers: A Comprehensive Review.
Nanomaterials (Basel)
; 12(3)2022 Jan 23.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35159706
ABSTRACT
Amphiphilic copolymers consisting of alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic units account for a major recent methodical breakthrough in the investigations of membrane proteins. Styrene-maleic acid (SMA), diisobutylene-maleic acid (DIBMA), and related copolymers have been shown to extract membrane proteins directly from lipid membranes without the need for classical detergents. Within the particular experimental setup, they form disc-shaped nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution, which serve as a suitable platform for diverse kinds of spectroscopy and other biophysical techniques that require relatively small, homogeneous, water-soluble particles of separate membrane proteins in their native lipid environment. In recent years, copolymer-encased nanolipoparticles have been proven as suitable protein carriers for various structural biology applications, including cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), small-angle scattering, and conventional and single-molecule X-ray diffraction experiments. Here, we review the current understanding of how such nanolipoparticles are formed and organized at the molecular level with an emphasis on their chemical diversity and factors affecting their size and solubilization efficiency.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Nanomaterials (Basel)
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Federação Russa