Developmental and etiological patterns of substance use from adolescence to middle age: A longitudinal twin study.
Drug Alcohol Depend
; 233: 109378, 2022 04 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35248999
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The common liability to addiction framework suggests the tendency to use substances is largely a general heritable liability, but little is known about how expression of liability varies across development. We evaluated average developmental trajectories and covariation underlying commonly used substances using a genetically informative prospective design spanning three decades.METHODS:
Using a sample of 3762 twins across seven waves of assessment spanning ages 14-40, we modeled these relationships using two complementary approaches piecewise latent growth and common factor modeling on four measures of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana useRESULTS:
Average use increased across adolescence and either stabilized (alcohol frequency) or declined (all others) in adulthood. Trajectories were heritable (~.35-.75), and genetically correlated with one another (~.40-.80). The random intercepts, centered at age 16, exhibited shared environmental correlations across substances. We found moderate to large phenotypic (rp~.3-.9) and genetic correlations (rg~.3-1) among the longitudinally varying common factors loading on use of each substance at each age. The factor loadings declined with age, reflecting waning influence of common etiology in substance use.CONCLUSIONS:
Trajectories of substance use were strongly correlated with each other and influenced primarily by genetic and non-shared environment. A heritable common factor accounted for co-occurring substance use from mid-adolescence to mid-adulthood, and greater substance specificity emerged with maturation. These results extend and reinforce prior work examining consumption and problem use, providing new evidence over a broad age range showing that substance use behaviors are influenced by a more general liability in adolescence and specificity increases across development.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Gêmeos
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Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
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Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Drug Alcohol Depend
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article