Tissue Immunity in the Bladder.
Annu Rev Immunol
; 40: 499-523, 2022 04 26.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35471839
ABSTRACT
The bladder is a major component of the urinary tract, an organ system that expels metabolic waste and excess water, which necessitates proximity to the external environment and its pathogens. It also houses a commensal microbiome. Therefore, its tissue immunity must resist pathogen invasion while maintaining tolerance to commensals. Bacterial infection of the bladder is common, with half of women globally experiencing one or more episodes of cystitis in their lifetime. Despite this, our knowledge of bladder immunity, particularly in humans, is incomplete. Here we consider the current view of tissue immunity in the bladder, with a focus on defense against infection. The urothelium has robust immune functionality, and its defensive capabilities are supported by resident immune cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and γδ T cells. We discuss each in turn and consider why adaptive immune responses are often ineffective in preventing recurrent infection, as well as areas of priority for future research.
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Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Infecções Bacterianas
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Bexiga Urinária
Limite:
Animals
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Female
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Annu Rev Immunol
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article