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Identification of the onchocerciasis vector in the Kakoi-Koda focus of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Post, Rory J; Laudisoit, Anne; Mandro, Michel; Lakwo, Thomson; Laemmer, Christine; Pfarr, Kenneth; Hoerauf, Achim; Tortosa, Pablo; Gomard, Yann; Ukety, Tony; Mande, Claude; Farovitch, Lorne; Amazigo, Uche; Bakajika, Didier; Oguttu, David W; Awaca, Naomi; Colebunders, Robert.
Afiliação
  • Post RJ; Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
  • Laudisoit A; School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
  • Mandro M; EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States.
  • Lakwo T; Global Health Institute, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
  • Laemmer C; Evolutionary Ecology group (EVECO), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
  • Pfarr K; Provincial Health Division Ituri, Ministry of Health, Bunia, Democratic Republic of Congo.
  • Hoerauf A; Division of Vector Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases Control, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.
  • Tortosa P; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn.
  • Gomard Y; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Germany.
  • Ukety T; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn.
  • Mande C; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Germany.
  • Farovitch L; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn.
  • Amazigo U; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Germany.
  • Bakajika D; Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT "Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical", CNRS 9192, INSERM U 1187, IRD 249. Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Saint-Denis, France.
  • Oguttu DW; Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT "Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical", CNRS 9192, INSERM U 1187, IRD 249. Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Saint-Denis, France.
  • Awaca N; Centre de Recherche en Maladies Tropicales (CRMT), Rethy, Democratic Republic of Congo.
  • Colebunders R; Department of Ecology and Wildlife Management, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis ; 16(11): e0010684, 2022 11.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36331979
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to characterise the vector in a small hyper-endemic focus of onchocerciasis (the Kakoi-Koda focus) which has recently been discovered on the western slopes of the rift valley above Lake Albert. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Aquatic stages of blackflies were collected by hand from streams and rivers, and anthropophilic adult females were collected by human landing catches. Using a combination of morphotaxonomy and DNA barcoding, the blackflies collected biting humans within the focus were identified as Simulium dentulosum and Simulium vorax, which were also found breeding in local streams and rivers. Simulium damnosum s.l., Simulium neavei and Simulium albivirgulatum were not found (except for a single site in 2009 where crabs were carrying S. neavei). Anthropophilic specimens from the focus were screened for Onchocerca DNA using discriminant qualitative real-time triplex PCR. One specimen of S. vorax was positive for Onchocerca volvulus in the body, and out of 155 S. dentulosum, 30% and 11% were infected and infective (respectively). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Simulium dentulosum currently appears to be the main vector of human onchocerciasis within the Kakoi-Koda focus, and S. vorax may be a secondary vector. It remains possible that S. neavei was the main (or only) vector in the past having now become rare as a result of the removal of tree-cover and land-use changes. Simulium vorax has previously been shown to support the development of O. volvulus in the laboratory, but this is the first time that S. dentulosum has been implicated as a probable vector of onchocerciasis, and this raises the possibility that other blackfly species which are not generally considered to be anthropophilic vectors might become vectors under suitable conditions. Because S. dentulosum is not a vector in endemic areas surrounding the Kakoi-Koda focus, it is probable that the Kakoi-Koda focus is significantly isolated.
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Oncocercose / Simuliidae / Onchocerca volvulus Tipo de estudo: Diagnostic_studies / Prognostic_studies / Qualitative_research Limite: Adult / Animals / Female / Humans País/Região como assunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Assunto da revista: MEDICINA TROPICAL Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Reino Unido

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Oncocercose / Simuliidae / Onchocerca volvulus Tipo de estudo: Diagnostic_studies / Prognostic_studies / Qualitative_research Limite: Adult / Animals / Female / Humans País/Região como assunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Assunto da revista: MEDICINA TROPICAL Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Reino Unido