Vascular dodecanoic acid of Arabidopsis mediates an insect resistance against Myzus persicae.

ABSTRACT

The present study explores the compatible interaction between Arabidopsis thaliana and Myzus persicae to reduce host resistance from the previous aphid herbivore-mediated priming. The resumption of host resistance from the "reduced host resistance" was also recorded in due time when aphid herbivore was removed from leaf foliage. The vascular sap, isolated from the midpoint timing from the "reduced host resistance" to the "resumed host resistance" phase resolved in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis that identified an enrichment of dodecanoic acid (DA), an antibacterial metabolite and a saturated medium-chain fatty acid with a 12-carbon backbone. DA infiltration into leaf foliage revealed a significant reduction of aphid clonal proliferation on leaf foliage with concomitant reduction of the vascular microbiota titer as well as aphid body. The "resumed host resistance" from "reduced host resistance" also showed a comparable microbiota titer in comparison to control but the "reduced host resistance" evidenced a significant higher microbiota titer which was correlated with an enhanced aphid clonal proliferation on the leaf foliage. The DA infiltrated leaf foliage had no effect on total vascular sap ingestion by the aphid herbivore but induced RNA level of GUS expression under the control of promoter of pad-4, mpl-1, and sag-13. A similar pattern of gus expression was recorded from aphid herbivore. Thus, DA mediates aphid resistance toward aphid clonal proliferation in the host plant by manipulating vascular and aphid body microbiota titer.